APHY 201 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Physiology - Answers - how things work/ maintenance of homeostasis
Functional Units - Answers - Many organs are organized into small, similar sub units
often referred to as ___________, each performing the function of the organ.
Pathophysiology - Answers - how something goes wrong/ loss of homeostasis (disease)
7% - Answers - PLASMA percentage of total body water?
26% - Answers - interstitial fluid percentage of total body water?
67% - Answers - intracellular fluid percentage of total body water?
If a person rapidly ingested 1 L of water, it would distribute freely between the body's 3
major fluid compartments. What volume matches with which compartment? - Answers -
70 mL - plasma
260 mL - interstitial fluid
670 mL - intracellular fluid
True - Answers - True or False. Most body cells are in contact with the interstitial fluid.
True - Answers - True or False. Most physiological variables are maintained within a
normal range that favors the survival of body cells.
Most physiological variables in the extracellular fluid vary widely with changes in the
external environment - Answers - False
Saying that a variable such as blood glucose is "homeostatic" means that is has a
constant value over a long period of time. - Answers - False
When a variable such as blood pressure increases, above normal, homeostatic
mechanisms generally overcompensate and make the variable become below normal. -
Answers - False
Homeostasis is dynamic not static. - Answers - True
As a person gradually ascends in altitude, the reduction in oxygen levels cause
breathing rate and depth to become progressively greater. The increased ventilation
keeps oxygen levels from declining as much as it would with a slower breathing rate. -
Answers - describes a homeostatic situation
, After eating a potassium-rich meal, blood potassium levels transiently rise, but then
potassium enters cells and blood levels fall again. Over time, the extra potassium slowly
exits the cells and is excreted by the kidneys. - Answers - describes a homeostatic
situation
examples of positive feedback - Answers - entry of Na+ into cells makes the inside of
the cells more positive, which causes more Na+ channels to open
During childbirth, oxytocin secretion causes uterine contractions, the cervix stretches as
the mother pushes, stretch causes more oxytocin to be released
Saying that a variable such as blood glucose is "homeostatic" means that is has a
constant value over a long period of time. - Answers - False
examples of negative feedback - Answers - Elevated Na+ signals the kidneys to get rid
of more Na+ which decreases Na+ in the blood
Elevated blood glucose stimulates the secretion of the hormone insulin; insulin
stimulates glucose movement into muscle cells, which decreases blood glucose
List of body organization from Biggest to Smallest - Answers - Organisms
Organ systems
Organs
Tissues
Cells
Organelles
Molecules
Atoms
4 major cell/tissue types - Answers - muscle, neuron, epithelial, connective
Muscle tissue - Answers - comprising smooth, cardiac, and skeletal muscle; can be
under voluntary or involuntary control
function is movement, make up muscle tissue; three subtypes are cardiac, skeletal, and
smooth
Neuron tissue - Answers - cell in nervous system specialized to initiate, integrate, and
conduct electrical signals
function is communication
example: main tissue in brain and spinal cord
Epithelial tissue - Answers - cell at surface of body or hollow organ; specialized to
secrete or absorb ions and organic molecules; with other epithelial cells; four subtypes
are cuboidal, columnar, squamous, and ciliated
function is protection, secretion, absorption
Connective tissue - Answers - major component of extracellular matrices, cartilage, and
bone
ANSWERS
Physiology - Answers - how things work/ maintenance of homeostasis
Functional Units - Answers - Many organs are organized into small, similar sub units
often referred to as ___________, each performing the function of the organ.
Pathophysiology - Answers - how something goes wrong/ loss of homeostasis (disease)
7% - Answers - PLASMA percentage of total body water?
26% - Answers - interstitial fluid percentage of total body water?
67% - Answers - intracellular fluid percentage of total body water?
If a person rapidly ingested 1 L of water, it would distribute freely between the body's 3
major fluid compartments. What volume matches with which compartment? - Answers -
70 mL - plasma
260 mL - interstitial fluid
670 mL - intracellular fluid
True - Answers - True or False. Most body cells are in contact with the interstitial fluid.
True - Answers - True or False. Most physiological variables are maintained within a
normal range that favors the survival of body cells.
Most physiological variables in the extracellular fluid vary widely with changes in the
external environment - Answers - False
Saying that a variable such as blood glucose is "homeostatic" means that is has a
constant value over a long period of time. - Answers - False
When a variable such as blood pressure increases, above normal, homeostatic
mechanisms generally overcompensate and make the variable become below normal. -
Answers - False
Homeostasis is dynamic not static. - Answers - True
As a person gradually ascends in altitude, the reduction in oxygen levels cause
breathing rate and depth to become progressively greater. The increased ventilation
keeps oxygen levels from declining as much as it would with a slower breathing rate. -
Answers - describes a homeostatic situation
, After eating a potassium-rich meal, blood potassium levels transiently rise, but then
potassium enters cells and blood levels fall again. Over time, the extra potassium slowly
exits the cells and is excreted by the kidneys. - Answers - describes a homeostatic
situation
examples of positive feedback - Answers - entry of Na+ into cells makes the inside of
the cells more positive, which causes more Na+ channels to open
During childbirth, oxytocin secretion causes uterine contractions, the cervix stretches as
the mother pushes, stretch causes more oxytocin to be released
Saying that a variable such as blood glucose is "homeostatic" means that is has a
constant value over a long period of time. - Answers - False
examples of negative feedback - Answers - Elevated Na+ signals the kidneys to get rid
of more Na+ which decreases Na+ in the blood
Elevated blood glucose stimulates the secretion of the hormone insulin; insulin
stimulates glucose movement into muscle cells, which decreases blood glucose
List of body organization from Biggest to Smallest - Answers - Organisms
Organ systems
Organs
Tissues
Cells
Organelles
Molecules
Atoms
4 major cell/tissue types - Answers - muscle, neuron, epithelial, connective
Muscle tissue - Answers - comprising smooth, cardiac, and skeletal muscle; can be
under voluntary or involuntary control
function is movement, make up muscle tissue; three subtypes are cardiac, skeletal, and
smooth
Neuron tissue - Answers - cell in nervous system specialized to initiate, integrate, and
conduct electrical signals
function is communication
example: main tissue in brain and spinal cord
Epithelial tissue - Answers - cell at surface of body or hollow organ; specialized to
secrete or absorb ions and organic molecules; with other epithelial cells; four subtypes
are cuboidal, columnar, squamous, and ciliated
function is protection, secretion, absorption
Connective tissue - Answers - major component of extracellular matrices, cartilage, and
bone
