NR 546 FiNal Exam WEEk 7 REpRoductivE QuEstioNs With
vERiFiEd aNsWERs a+ GRadE 2026/2027 | advaNcEd
phaRmacoloGy complEtE study GuidE
What are the five 5 P's - coRREct aNsWER-partners, practices, past history of STI,
protection, prevention of pregnancy (and pleasure)
hypospadias - coRREct aNsWER-abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the
undersurface of the penis
epispadias - coRREct aNsWER-congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located
on the upper surface of the penis or on the side
nagele's rule - coRREct aNsWER-identify LMP, subtract 3 months, add 7 days and one
year
difference between presumptive and positive s/s - coRREct aNsWER-presumptive
(probable and noted on exam)
positive- directly linked to fetus
GTPAL - coRREct aNsWER-Gravida, Term, Preterm, Abortions, Living
diffrence between gravida and para - coRREct aNsWER-gravida- number of pregancies
the woman has had
para- number of births the woman has had
What does the T in GTPAL stand for? - coRREct aNsWER-term births- 37-42 weeks
gestation
what does the P stand for in GTPAL - coRREct aNsWER-preterm- 20-37
,what does the A in GTPAL stand for - coRREct aNsWER-spontaneous and/or elective
abortions
what does the L in GTPAL stand for? - coRREct aNsWER-living children
what is quickening? - coRREct aNsWER-maternal sensation of fetal movement
when can provider feel movements versus when mother can - coRREct aNsWER-
provider- after 24 weeks
mom- 18-24 weeks
When should fundal height be measured? - coRREct aNsWER-is gestational age is > 20
weeks= at this point fundus reaches umbilicus
1. A 44-year-old female mathematician presents to clinic with a complaint of a mass in
the right breast.Her partner noticed this mass 2 days ago, and the patient feels guilty
because she has only had onemammogram and does not engage in breast self-
examination (BSE) on any regular basis. She has nofamily history of breast cancer, and
her prior mammogram was ordered as a routine screening test atage 43 years after a
brief discussion with her primary care provider. After a thorough investigationreveals a
benign cyst, what advice should be given to this patient about screening for breast
cancer inher age group? - coRREct aNsWER-This patient was in compliance with the
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)recommendations for her age group and
risk factors prior to her current complaint
A 42-year-old female website developer presents for an annual preventive examination
withquestions about breast cancer screening. She is concerned about the radiation
exposure associated withmammography and is interested in magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) as a possible alternative forroutine screening. She is otherwise healthy
with no family history of breast, ovarian, or colon cancer.Which of the following is true
about MRI as a screening modality for breast cancer in the generalpopulation? -
coRREct aNsWER-Sensitivity of screening for breast cancer increases with breast MRI at
the expense of specificity.
, A 35-year-old G0P0 woman presents to clinic with a complaint of bilateral nipple
discharge. Thisdischarge started several weeks ago and has occurred at irregular
intervals since that time. She does notcomplain of local tenderness, redness, fever, or
any other systemic symptoms aside from slightlyirregular periods over the last few
months. On examination, she is able to express a small amount ofdischarge, which is
sent to the laboratory and found to be consistent with breast milk but without anysigns
of blood or pus. Screening laboratories are also sent, which reveal a normal blood count,
metabolicpanel, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
level. Furtherlaboratories are still pending. Which of the following is the most likely
diagnosis? - coRREct aNsWER-Prolactinoma
A 22-year-old G0P0 undergraduate student presents to clinic after finding a breast mass
on breastself-examination (BSE) at home. The mass is nontender without skin changes,
erythema, or overlyingswelling. She has heard that most breast cancers are found by
patients themselves, and she is veryconcerned that she may have breast cancer. Which
of the following is true about BSE and self-detectionof breast cancer - coRREct aNsWER-
This patient is more likely to find a fibroadenoma than a cancer on self-examination
A 48-year-old female psychologist presents to clinic with concerns about her breast
cancer risk afteran age-matched cousin was recently diagnosed with this disease. This
cousin is the third family memberon her father's side in as many years to be diagnosed
with breast cancer, including the patient's ownfather, who had surgery and subsequent
treatment 3 years ago for breast cancer. The patient has littleother knowledge of her
family history, only that her grandparents independently arrived from EasternEurope
near the end of World War II and were among very few members of their family that
survivedthe war. The patient has read about testing for the breast cancer genes (BRCA1
and BRCA2) and desiresfurther information about whether this would be appropriate for
her. Which of the following is trueabout this patient's indications for BRCA testing? -
coRREct aNsWER-This patient carries several risk factors that together justify BRCA
testing
A 68-year-old former paleontologist presents to clinic with concerns about her breast
cancer risk. Her mother developed the disease in her 50s and died from it in her 60s. A
younger cousin developed the disease a few years ago before the age of 50 years, but
this individual was not tested for the BRCA1 andBRCA2 genes. In addition, the patient
suffered from lymphoma in her 20s and had radiation to the chest.She did take hormone
replacement therapy for a few years before data emerged that this may
contribute to breast cancer risk. She has had several abnormal mammograms in her 50s
for persistently dense breasts with subtle findings, but follow-up biopsies never showed
any malignant pathology.Which of the following is true regarding magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) screening of this patient - coRREct aNsWER-Regardless of
vERiFiEd aNsWERs a+ GRadE 2026/2027 | advaNcEd
phaRmacoloGy complEtE study GuidE
What are the five 5 P's - coRREct aNsWER-partners, practices, past history of STI,
protection, prevention of pregnancy (and pleasure)
hypospadias - coRREct aNsWER-abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the
undersurface of the penis
epispadias - coRREct aNsWER-congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located
on the upper surface of the penis or on the side
nagele's rule - coRREct aNsWER-identify LMP, subtract 3 months, add 7 days and one
year
difference between presumptive and positive s/s - coRREct aNsWER-presumptive
(probable and noted on exam)
positive- directly linked to fetus
GTPAL - coRREct aNsWER-Gravida, Term, Preterm, Abortions, Living
diffrence between gravida and para - coRREct aNsWER-gravida- number of pregancies
the woman has had
para- number of births the woman has had
What does the T in GTPAL stand for? - coRREct aNsWER-term births- 37-42 weeks
gestation
what does the P stand for in GTPAL - coRREct aNsWER-preterm- 20-37
,what does the A in GTPAL stand for - coRREct aNsWER-spontaneous and/or elective
abortions
what does the L in GTPAL stand for? - coRREct aNsWER-living children
what is quickening? - coRREct aNsWER-maternal sensation of fetal movement
when can provider feel movements versus when mother can - coRREct aNsWER-
provider- after 24 weeks
mom- 18-24 weeks
When should fundal height be measured? - coRREct aNsWER-is gestational age is > 20
weeks= at this point fundus reaches umbilicus
1. A 44-year-old female mathematician presents to clinic with a complaint of a mass in
the right breast.Her partner noticed this mass 2 days ago, and the patient feels guilty
because she has only had onemammogram and does not engage in breast self-
examination (BSE) on any regular basis. She has nofamily history of breast cancer, and
her prior mammogram was ordered as a routine screening test atage 43 years after a
brief discussion with her primary care provider. After a thorough investigationreveals a
benign cyst, what advice should be given to this patient about screening for breast
cancer inher age group? - coRREct aNsWER-This patient was in compliance with the
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)recommendations for her age group and
risk factors prior to her current complaint
A 42-year-old female website developer presents for an annual preventive examination
withquestions about breast cancer screening. She is concerned about the radiation
exposure associated withmammography and is interested in magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) as a possible alternative forroutine screening. She is otherwise healthy
with no family history of breast, ovarian, or colon cancer.Which of the following is true
about MRI as a screening modality for breast cancer in the generalpopulation? -
coRREct aNsWER-Sensitivity of screening for breast cancer increases with breast MRI at
the expense of specificity.
, A 35-year-old G0P0 woman presents to clinic with a complaint of bilateral nipple
discharge. Thisdischarge started several weeks ago and has occurred at irregular
intervals since that time. She does notcomplain of local tenderness, redness, fever, or
any other systemic symptoms aside from slightlyirregular periods over the last few
months. On examination, she is able to express a small amount ofdischarge, which is
sent to the laboratory and found to be consistent with breast milk but without anysigns
of blood or pus. Screening laboratories are also sent, which reveal a normal blood count,
metabolicpanel, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
level. Furtherlaboratories are still pending. Which of the following is the most likely
diagnosis? - coRREct aNsWER-Prolactinoma
A 22-year-old G0P0 undergraduate student presents to clinic after finding a breast mass
on breastself-examination (BSE) at home. The mass is nontender without skin changes,
erythema, or overlyingswelling. She has heard that most breast cancers are found by
patients themselves, and she is veryconcerned that she may have breast cancer. Which
of the following is true about BSE and self-detectionof breast cancer - coRREct aNsWER-
This patient is more likely to find a fibroadenoma than a cancer on self-examination
A 48-year-old female psychologist presents to clinic with concerns about her breast
cancer risk afteran age-matched cousin was recently diagnosed with this disease. This
cousin is the third family memberon her father's side in as many years to be diagnosed
with breast cancer, including the patient's ownfather, who had surgery and subsequent
treatment 3 years ago for breast cancer. The patient has littleother knowledge of her
family history, only that her grandparents independently arrived from EasternEurope
near the end of World War II and were among very few members of their family that
survivedthe war. The patient has read about testing for the breast cancer genes (BRCA1
and BRCA2) and desiresfurther information about whether this would be appropriate for
her. Which of the following is trueabout this patient's indications for BRCA testing? -
coRREct aNsWER-This patient carries several risk factors that together justify BRCA
testing
A 68-year-old former paleontologist presents to clinic with concerns about her breast
cancer risk. Her mother developed the disease in her 50s and died from it in her 60s. A
younger cousin developed the disease a few years ago before the age of 50 years, but
this individual was not tested for the BRCA1 andBRCA2 genes. In addition, the patient
suffered from lymphoma in her 20s and had radiation to the chest.She did take hormone
replacement therapy for a few years before data emerged that this may
contribute to breast cancer risk. She has had several abnormal mammograms in her 50s
for persistently dense breasts with subtle findings, but follow-up biopsies never showed
any malignant pathology.Which of the following is true regarding magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) screening of this patient - coRREct aNsWER-Regardless of
