Psychology Study Guide with Questions and Answers
Introduction
This document covers the core concepts of lifespan development
and developmental psychology in a question-and-answer format.
Topics include major psychological perspectives, the scientific
method, research methods, genetics and temperament, stress and
health, developmental stages, Freud's and Erikson's theories,
Piaget's cognitive development theory, Vygotsky's concepts, and
lifespan developmental processes.
The material also reviews developmental influences, personality
and cognitive development, stress appraisal, wellness across the
lifespan, and key psychological terminology. It is designed as a
comprehensive study guide for the DEP3053 final exam.
Exam Questions and Answers
humanistic perspective --- correct precise answer ---behavior is
chosen through free will and motivated by our natural capacity to
strive to reach our full potential. Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow. (ex;
an individual who is overweight might eventually choose to lose
weight as part of an overall pattern of individual growth)
, evolutionary perspective --- correct precise answer ---behavior is
the result of genetic inheritance from our ancestors; traits and
behavior that are adaptive for promoting the survival of our species
have been inherited through natural selection. Charles Darwin,
Konrad Lorenz. (ex; kid might be overweight because their
ancestors needed fat to stay warm)
scientific method --- correct precise answer ---the process of posing
and answering questions using careful, controlled techniques that
include systematic, orderly observation and the collection of data.
(1) identify question of interest (2) formulate an explanation (3)
carry out research
theories --- correct precise answer ---explanations and predictions
concerning phenomena of interest, providing a framework for
understanding the relationships among an organized set of facts or
principles.
hypothesis --- correct precise answer ---a prediction stated in a way
that permits it to be tested
correlational research --- correct precise answer ---research that
seeks to identify whether an association or relationship between
two factors exists.