ELECTRIC VEHICLE INFRASTRUCTURE TRAINING
PROGRAM
EVITP
Final Exam S ECTIONS
EV Fundamentals (25)
Charging Equipment (20)
Final examination covering EV fundamentals, charging NEC Code (25)
equipment, NEC code requirements, site assessment,
Site Assessment (15)
ADA and safety compliance, commissioning, networked
systems, fleet installations, and business considerations. ADA & Safety (15)
Commissioning (15)
Networked/Fleet (15)
Business/Incentives (10)
Integrated Scenarios (10)
150 Questions with Verified Answers
All Correct & A+ Graded Rationales
2026-2027 EVITP Curriculum Aligned
E LE C TRIC VE HIC LE INF RASTRUC TURE TRAINING PROGRAM
C E R T I F I C AT I O N E X A M I N AT I O N
,Section 1: Electric Vehicle Fundamentals (Q1-Q25)
Q1: What is the primary energy storage device used in most battery electric vehicles (BEVs)?
A. Lead-acid battery pack
B. Lithium-ion battery pack [CORRECT]
C. Nickel-metal hydride battery pack
D. Ultracapacitor bank
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium-ion batteries are the predominant energy storage technology in modern BEVs due to their high energy
density, long cycle life, relatively low self-discharge rate, and favorable power-to-weight ratio compared to lead-acid, NiMH,
and ultracapacitor alternatives.
Q2: Which type of electric vehicle uses both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor for
propulsion?
A. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
B. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) [CORRECT]
C. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV)
D. Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A PHEV combines an internal combustion engine with an electric motor and battery system that can be recharged by
plugging into an external power source, offering both electric-only range and extended range via gasoline.
Q3: What is the typical nominal voltage range for the high-voltage battery pack in a modern battery
electric vehicle?
A. 12V to 48V
B. 100V to 200V
C. 300V to 800V [CORRECT]
D. 1000V to 1500V
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Modern BEV battery packs typically operate in the range of 300V to 800V nominal, with newer platforms moving
toward 800V architectures to reduce current, minimize cable size, and enable faster DC charging.
Q4: What component in an electric vehicle converts DC power from the battery to AC power for the
traction motor?
A. DC-DC converter
B. Onboard charger (OBC)
C. Inverter [CORRECT]
D. Battery Management System (BMS)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The inverter (also called a power inverter or traction inverter) converts the DC voltage from the high-voltage battery
pack into three-phase AC power to drive the electric traction motor.
Q5: What is the purpose of the onboard charger (OBC) in a plug-in electric vehicle?
A. To convert AC power from the grid to DC power for battery charging [CORRECT]
, B. To convert DC battery power to AC for the traction motor
C. To manage the thermal system of the battery pack
D. To regulate the 12V auxiliary power system
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The onboard charger (OBC) rectifies and regulates the AC power supplied by Level 1 and Level 2 charging stations
into controlled DC power suitable for charging the high-voltage battery pack.
Q6: Which charging level uses a standard 120V household outlet and typically provides 4 to 6 miles of
range per hour of charging?
A. Level 1 charging [CORRECT]
B. Level 2 charging
C. DC Fast Charging (DCFC)
D. Wireless Level 2 charging
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Level 1 charging utilizes a standard 120V AC outlet (NEMA 5-15 or 5-20) and the vehicle's onboard charger,
typically delivering 1.2 to 1.9 kW, which adds approximately 4 to 6 miles of range per hour of charging.
Q7: What connector type is the standard for DC fast charging in North America for most non-Tesla
vehicles?
A. SAE J1772
B. CCS Combo 1 (Combined Charging System) [CORRECT]
C. CHAdeMO
D. NACS (North American Charging Standard)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The CCS Combo 1 connector is the dominant DC fast charging standard in North America, combining the J1772 AC
inlet with two additional DC pins to enable high-power DC charging for most non-Tesla EVs.
Q8: What is regenerative braking in an electric vehicle?
A. Using the friction brakes to slow the vehicle while the motor is off
B. Converting the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electrical energy during deceleration [CORRECT]
C. A system that automatically applies brakes when the vehicle exceeds the speed limit
D. A process where the battery is charged only when the vehicle is stationary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regenerative braking captures the kinetic energy of the vehicle during deceleration and converts it back into
electrical energy by operating the traction motor as a generator, thereby recharging the battery and improving overall
efficiency.
Q9: What does SOC stand for in the context of electric vehicle battery management?
A. System Operating Capacity
B. State of Charge [CORRECT]
C. Standard Output Current
D. Stored Operating Condition
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SOC (State of Charge) represents the current battery charge level expressed as a percentage of the battery's total
usable capacity, similar to a fuel gauge in a conventional vehicle.
Q10: Which electric vehicle type produces zero tailpipe emissions during operation?
, A. Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
B. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)
C. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) [CORRECT]
D. Mild Hybrid Electric Vehicle (MHEV)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A BEV operates exclusively on battery-stored electrical energy and an electric motor, producing zero direct tailpipe
emissions during all driving conditions, unlike HEVs, PHEVs, and MHEVs which all incorporate an internal combustion
engine.
Q11: What is the function of the Battery Management System (BMS) in an electric vehicle?
A. To control the speed and torque of the electric motor
B. To monitor, protect, and optimize the performance of the battery pack [CORRECT]
C. To manage the communication between the vehicle and the charging station
D. To convert AC grid power to DC for battery charging
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The BMS continuously monitors cell voltages, temperatures, and current flow, performs cell balancing, protects
against overcharge and over-discharge conditions, and provides SOC and state-of-health (SOH) estimates to the vehicle control
system.
Q12: What is the approximate energy efficiency of a typical battery electric vehicle compared to a
conventional internal combustion engine vehicle?
A. About the same efficiency, roughly 20-25%
B. Approximately two to three times more efficient, around 60-80% [CORRECT]
C. Approximately five times more efficient, over 95%
D. Less efficient, around 10-15%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BEVs convert approximately 60-80% of the electrical energy from the grid to power at the wheels, while
conventional ICE vehicles convert only about 20-25% of the energy in gasoline to power at the wheels, making BEVs roughly
two to three times more energy efficient.
Q13: What voltage does the CHAdeMO DC fast charging standard typically operate at?
A. 120V AC
B. 240V AC
C. Up to 500V DC [CORRECT]
D. Up to 1000V DC
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The CHAdeMO standard typically operates at DC voltages up to 500V and can deliver power levels up to 62.5 kW
(with newer versions supporting higher rates), using a dedicated connector with multiple DC pins.
Q14: What is the North American Charging Standard (NACS) connector originally developed by?
A. SAE International
B. CHAdeMO Association
C. Tesla, Inc. [CORRECT]
D. Underwriters Laboratories (UL)
Correct Answer: C
PROGRAM
EVITP
Final Exam S ECTIONS
EV Fundamentals (25)
Charging Equipment (20)
Final examination covering EV fundamentals, charging NEC Code (25)
equipment, NEC code requirements, site assessment,
Site Assessment (15)
ADA and safety compliance, commissioning, networked
systems, fleet installations, and business considerations. ADA & Safety (15)
Commissioning (15)
Networked/Fleet (15)
Business/Incentives (10)
Integrated Scenarios (10)
150 Questions with Verified Answers
All Correct & A+ Graded Rationales
2026-2027 EVITP Curriculum Aligned
E LE C TRIC VE HIC LE INF RASTRUC TURE TRAINING PROGRAM
C E R T I F I C AT I O N E X A M I N AT I O N
,Section 1: Electric Vehicle Fundamentals (Q1-Q25)
Q1: What is the primary energy storage device used in most battery electric vehicles (BEVs)?
A. Lead-acid battery pack
B. Lithium-ion battery pack [CORRECT]
C. Nickel-metal hydride battery pack
D. Ultracapacitor bank
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium-ion batteries are the predominant energy storage technology in modern BEVs due to their high energy
density, long cycle life, relatively low self-discharge rate, and favorable power-to-weight ratio compared to lead-acid, NiMH,
and ultracapacitor alternatives.
Q2: Which type of electric vehicle uses both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor for
propulsion?
A. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
B. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) [CORRECT]
C. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV)
D. Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A PHEV combines an internal combustion engine with an electric motor and battery system that can be recharged by
plugging into an external power source, offering both electric-only range and extended range via gasoline.
Q3: What is the typical nominal voltage range for the high-voltage battery pack in a modern battery
electric vehicle?
A. 12V to 48V
B. 100V to 200V
C. 300V to 800V [CORRECT]
D. 1000V to 1500V
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Modern BEV battery packs typically operate in the range of 300V to 800V nominal, with newer platforms moving
toward 800V architectures to reduce current, minimize cable size, and enable faster DC charging.
Q4: What component in an electric vehicle converts DC power from the battery to AC power for the
traction motor?
A. DC-DC converter
B. Onboard charger (OBC)
C. Inverter [CORRECT]
D. Battery Management System (BMS)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The inverter (also called a power inverter or traction inverter) converts the DC voltage from the high-voltage battery
pack into three-phase AC power to drive the electric traction motor.
Q5: What is the purpose of the onboard charger (OBC) in a plug-in electric vehicle?
A. To convert AC power from the grid to DC power for battery charging [CORRECT]
, B. To convert DC battery power to AC for the traction motor
C. To manage the thermal system of the battery pack
D. To regulate the 12V auxiliary power system
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The onboard charger (OBC) rectifies and regulates the AC power supplied by Level 1 and Level 2 charging stations
into controlled DC power suitable for charging the high-voltage battery pack.
Q6: Which charging level uses a standard 120V household outlet and typically provides 4 to 6 miles of
range per hour of charging?
A. Level 1 charging [CORRECT]
B. Level 2 charging
C. DC Fast Charging (DCFC)
D. Wireless Level 2 charging
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Level 1 charging utilizes a standard 120V AC outlet (NEMA 5-15 or 5-20) and the vehicle's onboard charger,
typically delivering 1.2 to 1.9 kW, which adds approximately 4 to 6 miles of range per hour of charging.
Q7: What connector type is the standard for DC fast charging in North America for most non-Tesla
vehicles?
A. SAE J1772
B. CCS Combo 1 (Combined Charging System) [CORRECT]
C. CHAdeMO
D. NACS (North American Charging Standard)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The CCS Combo 1 connector is the dominant DC fast charging standard in North America, combining the J1772 AC
inlet with two additional DC pins to enable high-power DC charging for most non-Tesla EVs.
Q8: What is regenerative braking in an electric vehicle?
A. Using the friction brakes to slow the vehicle while the motor is off
B. Converting the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electrical energy during deceleration [CORRECT]
C. A system that automatically applies brakes when the vehicle exceeds the speed limit
D. A process where the battery is charged only when the vehicle is stationary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regenerative braking captures the kinetic energy of the vehicle during deceleration and converts it back into
electrical energy by operating the traction motor as a generator, thereby recharging the battery and improving overall
efficiency.
Q9: What does SOC stand for in the context of electric vehicle battery management?
A. System Operating Capacity
B. State of Charge [CORRECT]
C. Standard Output Current
D. Stored Operating Condition
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SOC (State of Charge) represents the current battery charge level expressed as a percentage of the battery's total
usable capacity, similar to a fuel gauge in a conventional vehicle.
Q10: Which electric vehicle type produces zero tailpipe emissions during operation?
, A. Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
B. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)
C. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) [CORRECT]
D. Mild Hybrid Electric Vehicle (MHEV)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A BEV operates exclusively on battery-stored electrical energy and an electric motor, producing zero direct tailpipe
emissions during all driving conditions, unlike HEVs, PHEVs, and MHEVs which all incorporate an internal combustion
engine.
Q11: What is the function of the Battery Management System (BMS) in an electric vehicle?
A. To control the speed and torque of the electric motor
B. To monitor, protect, and optimize the performance of the battery pack [CORRECT]
C. To manage the communication between the vehicle and the charging station
D. To convert AC grid power to DC for battery charging
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The BMS continuously monitors cell voltages, temperatures, and current flow, performs cell balancing, protects
against overcharge and over-discharge conditions, and provides SOC and state-of-health (SOH) estimates to the vehicle control
system.
Q12: What is the approximate energy efficiency of a typical battery electric vehicle compared to a
conventional internal combustion engine vehicle?
A. About the same efficiency, roughly 20-25%
B. Approximately two to three times more efficient, around 60-80% [CORRECT]
C. Approximately five times more efficient, over 95%
D. Less efficient, around 10-15%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BEVs convert approximately 60-80% of the electrical energy from the grid to power at the wheels, while
conventional ICE vehicles convert only about 20-25% of the energy in gasoline to power at the wheels, making BEVs roughly
two to three times more energy efficient.
Q13: What voltage does the CHAdeMO DC fast charging standard typically operate at?
A. 120V AC
B. 240V AC
C. Up to 500V DC [CORRECT]
D. Up to 1000V DC
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The CHAdeMO standard typically operates at DC voltages up to 500V and can deliver power levels up to 62.5 kW
(with newer versions supporting higher rates), using a dedicated connector with multiple DC pins.
Q14: What is the North American Charging Standard (NACS) connector originally developed by?
A. SAE International
B. CHAdeMO Association
C. Tesla, Inc. [CORRECT]
D. Underwriters Laboratories (UL)
Correct Answer: C
