NR 324 ADULT HEALTH 1 /NR 324 ADULT HEALTH 1 EXAM 1
ACTUAL 2026/2027 TESTBANK PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND STUDY
GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM APPROVED QUESTIONS
WITH WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100%
CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS) LATEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
EDITION |GUARANTEED SUCCESS A+ |FULL REVISED NR 324 ADULT
HEALTH 1 REAL EXAM 1 |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
SECTION I: FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID-BASE BALANCE
(Questions 1-60)
1. A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium level of 6.5
mEq/L. What is the priority nursing action?
A) Administer oral kayexalate
B) Place the patient on a cardiac monitor
C) Prepare for hemodialysis
D) Encourage potassium-restricted foods
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Severe hyperkalemia (K+ >6.0 mEq/L) poses an immediate
risk of lethal cardiac dysrhythmias. The priority is to place the patient
on a cardiac monitor to detect life-threatening dysrhythmias such as
ventricular fibrillation or asystole. Other interventions (insulin with
dextrose, calcium gluconate, kayexalate, dialysis) follow but
monitoring is the first priority.
,2. A patient has a sodium level of 118 mEq/L. Which IV solution should
the nurse anticipate administering?
A) 0.9% normal saline
B) 0.45% normal saline
C) 3% hypertonic saline
D) D5W
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Severe hyponatremia (<120 mEq/L) requires hypertonic
solutions (e.g., 3% NaCl) to shift fluid into the intravascular space and
prevent cerebral edema. Rapid correction is necessary to prevent
neurological complications.
3. A patient exhibits facial twitching when the cheek is tapped. The
nurse should assess for which electrolyte imbalance?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypermagnesemia
CORRECT ANSWER: C
,Rationale: Facial twitching when the cheek is tapped (Chvostek's sign)
is a hallmark sign of hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia due to
increased neuromuscular excitability. This results from decreased
calcium's membrane-stabilizing effect.
4. Which ECG change is most consistent with hyperkalemia?
A) Flattened T waves
B) Peaked T waves
C) U waves
D) Prolonged PR interval
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia produces peaked (tall, tented) T waves on
ECG. Flattened T waves and U waves are associated with
hypokalemia. Prolonged PR interval can occur in severe hyperkalemia
but peaked T waves are the earliest and most characteristic finding.
5. What is the primary cation in extracellular fluid?
A) Potassium
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium
, CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Sodium is the primary cation in extracellular fluid,
maintaining osmotic pressure and fluid balance. Potassium is the
primary intracellular cation.
6. A patient with fluid volume excess would most likely exhibit which
assessment finding?
A) Orthostatic hypotension
B) Decreased skin turgor
C) Jugular venous distention
D) Dry mucous membranes
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Jugular venous distention (JVD) is a classic sign of fluid
volume excess due to increased central venous pressure. Orthostatic
hypotension, decreased skin turgor, and dry mucous membranes are
signs of fluid volume deficit.
7. Which patient is at greatest risk for developing fluid volume deficit?
A) A patient with heart failure on diuretics
ACTUAL 2026/2027 TESTBANK PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND STUDY
GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM APPROVED QUESTIONS
WITH WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100%
CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS) LATEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
EDITION |GUARANTEED SUCCESS A+ |FULL REVISED NR 324 ADULT
HEALTH 1 REAL EXAM 1 |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
SECTION I: FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID-BASE BALANCE
(Questions 1-60)
1. A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium level of 6.5
mEq/L. What is the priority nursing action?
A) Administer oral kayexalate
B) Place the patient on a cardiac monitor
C) Prepare for hemodialysis
D) Encourage potassium-restricted foods
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Severe hyperkalemia (K+ >6.0 mEq/L) poses an immediate
risk of lethal cardiac dysrhythmias. The priority is to place the patient
on a cardiac monitor to detect life-threatening dysrhythmias such as
ventricular fibrillation or asystole. Other interventions (insulin with
dextrose, calcium gluconate, kayexalate, dialysis) follow but
monitoring is the first priority.
,2. A patient has a sodium level of 118 mEq/L. Which IV solution should
the nurse anticipate administering?
A) 0.9% normal saline
B) 0.45% normal saline
C) 3% hypertonic saline
D) D5W
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Severe hyponatremia (<120 mEq/L) requires hypertonic
solutions (e.g., 3% NaCl) to shift fluid into the intravascular space and
prevent cerebral edema. Rapid correction is necessary to prevent
neurological complications.
3. A patient exhibits facial twitching when the cheek is tapped. The
nurse should assess for which electrolyte imbalance?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypermagnesemia
CORRECT ANSWER: C
,Rationale: Facial twitching when the cheek is tapped (Chvostek's sign)
is a hallmark sign of hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia due to
increased neuromuscular excitability. This results from decreased
calcium's membrane-stabilizing effect.
4. Which ECG change is most consistent with hyperkalemia?
A) Flattened T waves
B) Peaked T waves
C) U waves
D) Prolonged PR interval
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia produces peaked (tall, tented) T waves on
ECG. Flattened T waves and U waves are associated with
hypokalemia. Prolonged PR interval can occur in severe hyperkalemia
but peaked T waves are the earliest and most characteristic finding.
5. What is the primary cation in extracellular fluid?
A) Potassium
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium
, CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Sodium is the primary cation in extracellular fluid,
maintaining osmotic pressure and fluid balance. Potassium is the
primary intracellular cation.
6. A patient with fluid volume excess would most likely exhibit which
assessment finding?
A) Orthostatic hypotension
B) Decreased skin turgor
C) Jugular venous distention
D) Dry mucous membranes
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Jugular venous distention (JVD) is a classic sign of fluid
volume excess due to increased central venous pressure. Orthostatic
hypotension, decreased skin turgor, and dry mucous membranes are
signs of fluid volume deficit.
7. Which patient is at greatest risk for developing fluid volume deficit?
A) A patient with heart failure on diuretics
