BUL 4310 Exam 1 and 2 | Full Questions, Correct Answers, and Rationales | 2026
Update | 100% Correct – UF.
Question 1
Which of the following does NOT demonstrate a competing definition of law?
A. To ensure everyone gets along, a legislative council creates rules that people must obey.
B. Statutes are written to safeguard people’s liberty.
C. To protect freedom, governmental power must be divided into three branches.
D. All rules restrict the human spirit and hamper efficient societies.
E. Rules established by the government are supreme.
Correct answer: D. All rules restrict the human spirit and hamper efficient societies.
Rationale: The other statements reflect recognized theories associated with Hobbes, Locke,
Montesquieu, and Blackstone. Choice D does not represent one of these competing definitions of
law.
Question 2
Jerome works as the unpaid Director of Human Resources for Big Business Inc. He never signed
an employment contract. After being told that his employment will end in 30 days, Jerome sells
Big’s hiring strategies and leaks emails belonging to Olivia, Big’s CEO. Big and Olivia sue
Jerome. What will a court most likely find?
A. Jerome breached his fiduciary duty by exposing Big’s secrets.
B. Jerome breached a fiduciary duty to Olivia by exposing her emails.
C. Jerome had no duty because he was unpaid.
D. Jerome was a servant and was therefore not bound by a duty.
E. Both C and D are correct.
Correct answer: A. Jerome breached his fiduciary duty by exposing Big’s secrets.
Rationale: An agency relationship does not require compensation or a written employment
contract. As Big’s agent, Jerome owed the company duties of loyalty and confidentiality. Olivia
was a fellow agent, so Jerome’s relevant fiduciary duty was owed to Big rather than personally
to Olivia.
Question 3
, Pear Inc. independently develops a laptop whose battery is charged by an alternator. After Pear
begins selling it, Hardware Co. provides conclusive evidence that the laptop infringes
Hardware’s registered intellectual property. Pear continues selling the product, arguing that it
developed the laptop independently. Hardware sues. How will a court likely rule?
A. Pear cannot sell the computer because its design infringes Hardware’s copyright.
B. Pear must stop selling even though it created the product without knowing about Hardware’s
invention.
C. Pear must stop selling because of the adoption of moral rights.
D. Pear may sell because Hardware did not advertise its laptop.
E. Pear may sell because it developed its laptop independently.
Correct answer: B. Pear must stop selling even though it independently created the
product.
Rationale: This dispute concerns patent protection. A patent allows its owner to exclude others
from making, using, or selling the protected invention—even when another party independently
develops the same invention without copying it.
Question 4
The people of Bluetopia may wear only blue clothing. To protest the law, Henry intentionally
wears only red. This is an example of:
A. Law affecting morals because Henry objected only after being prohibited from wearing red.
B. Ethics and law because Henry is doing more than the law requires.
C. Civil disobedience because Henry is purposefully breaking the law.
D. Civil disobedience because the government is violating moral law.
E. Whistleblowing because Henry wants attention.
Correct answer: C. Civil disobedience because Henry is purposefully breaking the law.
Rationale: Civil disobedience involves knowingly and publicly violating a law to protest it,
normally while accepting the possible legal consequences.
Question 5
Jesse negotiates the purchase of Chris’s company and gives Chris a certified check that later
bounces. Unknown to Chris, Jesse is an unpaid agent acting for David. Is Jesse immune from
liability?
Update | 100% Correct – UF.
Question 1
Which of the following does NOT demonstrate a competing definition of law?
A. To ensure everyone gets along, a legislative council creates rules that people must obey.
B. Statutes are written to safeguard people’s liberty.
C. To protect freedom, governmental power must be divided into three branches.
D. All rules restrict the human spirit and hamper efficient societies.
E. Rules established by the government are supreme.
Correct answer: D. All rules restrict the human spirit and hamper efficient societies.
Rationale: The other statements reflect recognized theories associated with Hobbes, Locke,
Montesquieu, and Blackstone. Choice D does not represent one of these competing definitions of
law.
Question 2
Jerome works as the unpaid Director of Human Resources for Big Business Inc. He never signed
an employment contract. After being told that his employment will end in 30 days, Jerome sells
Big’s hiring strategies and leaks emails belonging to Olivia, Big’s CEO. Big and Olivia sue
Jerome. What will a court most likely find?
A. Jerome breached his fiduciary duty by exposing Big’s secrets.
B. Jerome breached a fiduciary duty to Olivia by exposing her emails.
C. Jerome had no duty because he was unpaid.
D. Jerome was a servant and was therefore not bound by a duty.
E. Both C and D are correct.
Correct answer: A. Jerome breached his fiduciary duty by exposing Big’s secrets.
Rationale: An agency relationship does not require compensation or a written employment
contract. As Big’s agent, Jerome owed the company duties of loyalty and confidentiality. Olivia
was a fellow agent, so Jerome’s relevant fiduciary duty was owed to Big rather than personally
to Olivia.
Question 3
, Pear Inc. independently develops a laptop whose battery is charged by an alternator. After Pear
begins selling it, Hardware Co. provides conclusive evidence that the laptop infringes
Hardware’s registered intellectual property. Pear continues selling the product, arguing that it
developed the laptop independently. Hardware sues. How will a court likely rule?
A. Pear cannot sell the computer because its design infringes Hardware’s copyright.
B. Pear must stop selling even though it created the product without knowing about Hardware’s
invention.
C. Pear must stop selling because of the adoption of moral rights.
D. Pear may sell because Hardware did not advertise its laptop.
E. Pear may sell because it developed its laptop independently.
Correct answer: B. Pear must stop selling even though it independently created the
product.
Rationale: This dispute concerns patent protection. A patent allows its owner to exclude others
from making, using, or selling the protected invention—even when another party independently
develops the same invention without copying it.
Question 4
The people of Bluetopia may wear only blue clothing. To protest the law, Henry intentionally
wears only red. This is an example of:
A. Law affecting morals because Henry objected only after being prohibited from wearing red.
B. Ethics and law because Henry is doing more than the law requires.
C. Civil disobedience because Henry is purposefully breaking the law.
D. Civil disobedience because the government is violating moral law.
E. Whistleblowing because Henry wants attention.
Correct answer: C. Civil disobedience because Henry is purposefully breaking the law.
Rationale: Civil disobedience involves knowingly and publicly violating a law to protest it,
normally while accepting the possible legal consequences.
Question 5
Jesse negotiates the purchase of Chris’s company and gives Chris a certified check that later
bounces. Unknown to Chris, Jesse is an unpaid agent acting for David. Is Jesse immune from
liability?
