CPCE Human Growth & Development 2026 | Questions &
Verified Answers | Latest Update | Graded A+
1. Kohlberg's highest level of moral reasoning/judgement has to do with _.
internalization of moral priniciples such as equity and justice for all
and willingness to challenge society's laws and expectations that
violate them
A concern for the needs and cares of others
Fear of punishment by others and desires for reward
internalization of the rules of society and striving to uphold those rules
without questioning them
2. If the counselor observes that the boy's anxiety in public speaking stems
from a lack of socialization, what intervention might be most effective?
Encouraging participation in group activities to enhance social
skills.
Focusing solely on improving his speech techniques.
Advising him to avoid public speaking situations altogether.
Recommending he read more about public speaking theory.
3. Describe how Kohlberg's stages of moral development reflect the
progression of moral reasoning in individuals.
Kohlberg's stages focus solely on the influence of social norms on
behavior.
Kohlberg's stages suggest that moral reasoning is fixed and does not
change over time.
Kohlberg's stages illustrate a progression from self-centered
reasoning to a more principled understanding of morality.
, Kohlberg's stages indicate that moral development is unrelated to
cognitive development.
4. In a classroom setting, if a teacher presents a child with a tall, thin glass and a
short, wide glass filled with the same amount of liquid, which Piagetian
concept might the child struggle with when asked which glass has more
liquid?
abstract reasoning
decentration
centration
conservation
5. Describe the concept of maternal deprivation as proposed by John Bowlby.
Maternal deprivation is the process of a child being raised without any
parental figures.
Maternal deprivation emphasizes the importance of fathers in child
development.
Maternal deprivation refers to the emotional and psychological
consequences that occur when a child is separated from their
primary caregiver, particularly the mother.
Maternal deprivation is a theory that suggests children do not need
maternal care for healthy development.
6. In a scenario where a teenager decides to volunteer for a community service
project, which level of Kohlberg's moral development might they be
demonstrating, and why?
None of the levels, as their decision is based purely on personal
preference.
, Post-conventional level, as they are following universal ethical
principles.
Conventional level, as they are likely motivated by societal approval
and the desire to contribute positively to their community.
Pre-conventional level, as they are acting out of self-interest to gain
rewards.
7. According to Freud, is an anal-retentive trait.
perfectionism
gullibility
excessive optimism
carelessness
8. Describe how maturationist counselors view the process of human
development.
They believe that development occurs naturally and should follow
an individual’s unique timeline.
They prioritize immediate behavioral changes over natural
progression.
They think development is entirely influenced by external factors.
They advocate for a one-size-fits-all approach to growth.
9. What is a common agreement among experts in counseling about
developmental processes?
Development is a linear process without variations.
Development is influenced by both heredity and environment.
Development is solely determined by genetic factors.
, Development occurs in distinct stages only.
10. Some researchers have criticized Piaget for
putting too much emphasis on socialization in cognitive
development.
overestimating children's language ability.
arguing that children are passive in development.
underestimating the specific age children can do things.
11. Describe the significance of mastering Erikson's first seven stages in relation
to the eighth stage.
Mastering the first seven stages leads to confusion about identity in
the eighth stage.
Mastering the first seven stages has no impact on the eighth stage.
Mastering the first seven stages prepares an individual to reflect on
their life and achieve a sense of integrity in the eighth stage.
Mastering the first seven stages ensures success in all future stages.
12. Which of the following best characterizes the anal retentive personality?
Pleasurable, organic, and ornate
Parsimony, obstinacy, and orderliness
Predictable, outlandish, and outgoing
13. Describe the significance of the Oedipus Complex in Freud's theory of
psychosexual development.
The Oedipus Complex is a minor aspect of Freud's theory that has
little impact on later behavior.
Verified Answers | Latest Update | Graded A+
1. Kohlberg's highest level of moral reasoning/judgement has to do with _.
internalization of moral priniciples such as equity and justice for all
and willingness to challenge society's laws and expectations that
violate them
A concern for the needs and cares of others
Fear of punishment by others and desires for reward
internalization of the rules of society and striving to uphold those rules
without questioning them
2. If the counselor observes that the boy's anxiety in public speaking stems
from a lack of socialization, what intervention might be most effective?
Encouraging participation in group activities to enhance social
skills.
Focusing solely on improving his speech techniques.
Advising him to avoid public speaking situations altogether.
Recommending he read more about public speaking theory.
3. Describe how Kohlberg's stages of moral development reflect the
progression of moral reasoning in individuals.
Kohlberg's stages focus solely on the influence of social norms on
behavior.
Kohlberg's stages suggest that moral reasoning is fixed and does not
change over time.
Kohlberg's stages illustrate a progression from self-centered
reasoning to a more principled understanding of morality.
, Kohlberg's stages indicate that moral development is unrelated to
cognitive development.
4. In a classroom setting, if a teacher presents a child with a tall, thin glass and a
short, wide glass filled with the same amount of liquid, which Piagetian
concept might the child struggle with when asked which glass has more
liquid?
abstract reasoning
decentration
centration
conservation
5. Describe the concept of maternal deprivation as proposed by John Bowlby.
Maternal deprivation is the process of a child being raised without any
parental figures.
Maternal deprivation emphasizes the importance of fathers in child
development.
Maternal deprivation refers to the emotional and psychological
consequences that occur when a child is separated from their
primary caregiver, particularly the mother.
Maternal deprivation is a theory that suggests children do not need
maternal care for healthy development.
6. In a scenario where a teenager decides to volunteer for a community service
project, which level of Kohlberg's moral development might they be
demonstrating, and why?
None of the levels, as their decision is based purely on personal
preference.
, Post-conventional level, as they are following universal ethical
principles.
Conventional level, as they are likely motivated by societal approval
and the desire to contribute positively to their community.
Pre-conventional level, as they are acting out of self-interest to gain
rewards.
7. According to Freud, is an anal-retentive trait.
perfectionism
gullibility
excessive optimism
carelessness
8. Describe how maturationist counselors view the process of human
development.
They believe that development occurs naturally and should follow
an individual’s unique timeline.
They prioritize immediate behavioral changes over natural
progression.
They think development is entirely influenced by external factors.
They advocate for a one-size-fits-all approach to growth.
9. What is a common agreement among experts in counseling about
developmental processes?
Development is a linear process without variations.
Development is influenced by both heredity and environment.
Development is solely determined by genetic factors.
, Development occurs in distinct stages only.
10. Some researchers have criticized Piaget for
putting too much emphasis on socialization in cognitive
development.
overestimating children's language ability.
arguing that children are passive in development.
underestimating the specific age children can do things.
11. Describe the significance of mastering Erikson's first seven stages in relation
to the eighth stage.
Mastering the first seven stages leads to confusion about identity in
the eighth stage.
Mastering the first seven stages has no impact on the eighth stage.
Mastering the first seven stages prepares an individual to reflect on
their life and achieve a sense of integrity in the eighth stage.
Mastering the first seven stages ensures success in all future stages.
12. Which of the following best characterizes the anal retentive personality?
Pleasurable, organic, and ornate
Parsimony, obstinacy, and orderliness
Predictable, outlandish, and outgoing
13. Describe the significance of the Oedipus Complex in Freud's theory of
psychosexual development.
The Oedipus Complex is a minor aspect of Freud's theory that has
little impact on later behavior.
