Step 1 First Aid Rapid Review
Questions and Answers | Latest
Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What inherited disorder is caused by a mutation in the ATP7B gene?
✔✔ Wilson disease.
Which cytokine is most important for eosinophil activation and survival?
✔✔ Interleukin-5 (IL-5).
What cardiac biomarker remains elevated for the longest period after an acute myocardial
infarction?
✔✔ Troponin I.
Which electrolyte disturbance is most likely to produce muscle weakness and U waves on ECG?
✔✔ Hypokalemia.
1
,What is the most common cause of secondary hypertension in young adults?
✔✔ Renal artery stenosis due to fibromuscular dysplasia.
Which bacterium is classically associated with pseudomembranous colitis following antibiotic
use?
✔✔ *Clostridioides difficile.*
What protein transports iron in the bloodstream?
✔✔ Transferrin.
Which endocrine disorder commonly presents with hyperpigmentation due to elevated ACTH?
✔✔ Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease).
What enzyme deficiency causes hereditary fructose intolerance?
2
,✔✔ Aldolase B deficiency.
Which cranial nerve controls the lateral rectus muscle?
✔✔ Abducens nerve (CN VI).
What is the primary mechanism of action of heparin?
✔✔ Potentiation of antithrombin III.
Which immunoglobulin is the first to be produced during a primary immune response?
✔✔ IgM.
What is the hallmark pathological finding in Alzheimer's disease?
✔✔ β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
Which vitamin deficiency is associated with dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia?
3
, ✔✔ Niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency.
What is the most common cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?
✔✔ *Escherichia coli.*
Which hormone is released by atrial myocytes in response to atrial stretch?
✔✔ Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).
What type of hypersensitivity reaction underlies serum sickness?
✔✔ Type III hypersensitivity.
Which kidney cells produce renin?
✔✔ Juxtaglomerular cells.
What enzyme converts plasminogen to plasmin during fibrinolysis?
4
Questions and Answers | Latest
Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What inherited disorder is caused by a mutation in the ATP7B gene?
✔✔ Wilson disease.
Which cytokine is most important for eosinophil activation and survival?
✔✔ Interleukin-5 (IL-5).
What cardiac biomarker remains elevated for the longest period after an acute myocardial
infarction?
✔✔ Troponin I.
Which electrolyte disturbance is most likely to produce muscle weakness and U waves on ECG?
✔✔ Hypokalemia.
1
,What is the most common cause of secondary hypertension in young adults?
✔✔ Renal artery stenosis due to fibromuscular dysplasia.
Which bacterium is classically associated with pseudomembranous colitis following antibiotic
use?
✔✔ *Clostridioides difficile.*
What protein transports iron in the bloodstream?
✔✔ Transferrin.
Which endocrine disorder commonly presents with hyperpigmentation due to elevated ACTH?
✔✔ Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease).
What enzyme deficiency causes hereditary fructose intolerance?
2
,✔✔ Aldolase B deficiency.
Which cranial nerve controls the lateral rectus muscle?
✔✔ Abducens nerve (CN VI).
What is the primary mechanism of action of heparin?
✔✔ Potentiation of antithrombin III.
Which immunoglobulin is the first to be produced during a primary immune response?
✔✔ IgM.
What is the hallmark pathological finding in Alzheimer's disease?
✔✔ β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
Which vitamin deficiency is associated with dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia?
3
, ✔✔ Niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency.
What is the most common cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?
✔✔ *Escherichia coli.*
Which hormone is released by atrial myocytes in response to atrial stretch?
✔✔ Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).
What type of hypersensitivity reaction underlies serum sickness?
✔✔ Type III hypersensitivity.
Which kidney cells produce renin?
✔✔ Juxtaglomerular cells.
What enzyme converts plasminogen to plasmin during fibrinolysis?
4
