EPID EXAM 1: STUDY DESIGNS EXAMS ALL
ANSWERS 100% ACCURATE BEST GRADED A+
COVERS 2025/2026
Experimental Studies
Randomly assigns exposure, Ex: RCTs
Non-experimental Studies
Observational, does not assign exposures
Ex: case-control, cohort, ecologic, cross-sectional
Basics of Randomized Control Trials
Treatment is randomized, strongest evidence for causality, less
generalizable
Cohort Study Basics
No intervention, existing exposure
Participants already having the outcome at baseline are excluded
Case control
Looks into the past
Compares exposure cases to non-exposure controls
Controls and case comparisons must have similar characteristics
Retrospective Cohort
Looks into the past
Comparing disease risk/rate
Takes data from exposure and non-exposure
Prospective Cohort
ANSWERS 100% ACCURATE BEST GRADED A+
COVERS 2025/2026
Experimental Studies
Randomly assigns exposure, Ex: RCTs
Non-experimental Studies
Observational, does not assign exposures
Ex: case-control, cohort, ecologic, cross-sectional
Basics of Randomized Control Trials
Treatment is randomized, strongest evidence for causality, less
generalizable
Cohort Study Basics
No intervention, existing exposure
Participants already having the outcome at baseline are excluded
Case control
Looks into the past
Compares exposure cases to non-exposure controls
Controls and case comparisons must have similar characteristics
Retrospective Cohort
Looks into the past
Comparing disease risk/rate
Takes data from exposure and non-exposure
Prospective Cohort