NU578 Unit 3 Pharmacology (University of South
Alabama) | Actual Exam Questions & 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update 2026 | Nursing Exam Prep
1. What are the two main categories of potassium-sparing diuretics?
Aldosterone antagonists and epithelial sodium channel blockers
Loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics
Osmotic diuretics and high ceiling diuretics
Thiazide diuretics and potassium-sparing diuretics
2. Describe how dehydration can affect kidney function and overall health.
Dehydration can lead to reduced kidney perfusion, resulting in
impaired kidney function and increased risk of acute kidney injury.
Dehydration improves overall health by reducing fluid retention.
Dehydration has no significant effect on kidney function.
Dehydration enhances kidney function by concentrating urine.
3. What is a common therapeutic use of loop diuretics like furosemide?
Hypertension
Diabetes
Heart failure
Asthma
4. Describe the role of osmotic diuretics in managing intraocular pressure and
how they differ from other diuretic classes.
Osmotic diuretics help reduce intraocular pressure by increasing
, osmolarity in the renal tubules, leading to increased urine output,
which differs from other diuretics that target different mechanisms.
Osmotic diuretics function by blocking potassium reabsorption in the
kidneys.
Osmotic diuretics primarily act on the heart to improve blood flow.
Osmotic diuretics are used to treat hypertension by promoting
sodium retention.
5. Which loop diuretic is commonly known for its widespread use in clinical
practice?
Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide
Hydrochlorothiazide
6. Which diuretic is known to be used in treatment for glaucoma by decreasing
intraocular pressure
Mannitol
Chlorothiazide
Furosemide
Spironolactone
7. A patient on furosemide presents with symptoms of dehydration and
electrolyte imbalance. What steps should be taken to address these issues?
Discontinue all diuretics without further assessment.
Monitor electrolyte levels and adjust the furosemide dosage
accordingly.
, Switch the patient to a thiazide diuretic immediately.
Increase the furosemide dosage to enhance diuresis.
8. Describe the potential complications that can arise from the use of loop
diuretics if dosages are not properly monitored.
Loop diuretics have no significant complications if used correctly.
The main concern with loop diuretics is their interaction with other
medications.
Improperly monitored dosages of loop diuretics can lead to
dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and renal dysfunction.
Loop diuretics can cause only mild side effects such as headache.
9. Describe how loop diuretics can lead to dehydration and the importance of
monitoring patients on these medications.
Loop diuretics increase fluid retention, reducing the risk of
dehydration.
Loop diuretics primarily affect blood sugar levels, not hydration.
Loop diuretics have no effect on hydration status.
Loop diuretics can lead to dehydration by promoting excessive
urine production, necessitating careful monitoring of fluid balance.
10. Describe how dehydration can lead to complications such as thrombosis or
embolus.
Dehydration has no effect on blood flow or clotting mechanisms.
Dehydration causes the body to produce more red blood cells,
reducing the risk of clotting.
Dehydration can lead to increased blood viscosity and reduced
blood flow, increasing the risk of thrombosis or embolus.
Alabama) | Actual Exam Questions & 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update 2026 | Nursing Exam Prep
1. What are the two main categories of potassium-sparing diuretics?
Aldosterone antagonists and epithelial sodium channel blockers
Loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics
Osmotic diuretics and high ceiling diuretics
Thiazide diuretics and potassium-sparing diuretics
2. Describe how dehydration can affect kidney function and overall health.
Dehydration can lead to reduced kidney perfusion, resulting in
impaired kidney function and increased risk of acute kidney injury.
Dehydration improves overall health by reducing fluid retention.
Dehydration has no significant effect on kidney function.
Dehydration enhances kidney function by concentrating urine.
3. What is a common therapeutic use of loop diuretics like furosemide?
Hypertension
Diabetes
Heart failure
Asthma
4. Describe the role of osmotic diuretics in managing intraocular pressure and
how they differ from other diuretic classes.
Osmotic diuretics help reduce intraocular pressure by increasing
, osmolarity in the renal tubules, leading to increased urine output,
which differs from other diuretics that target different mechanisms.
Osmotic diuretics function by blocking potassium reabsorption in the
kidneys.
Osmotic diuretics primarily act on the heart to improve blood flow.
Osmotic diuretics are used to treat hypertension by promoting
sodium retention.
5. Which loop diuretic is commonly known for its widespread use in clinical
practice?
Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide
Hydrochlorothiazide
6. Which diuretic is known to be used in treatment for glaucoma by decreasing
intraocular pressure
Mannitol
Chlorothiazide
Furosemide
Spironolactone
7. A patient on furosemide presents with symptoms of dehydration and
electrolyte imbalance. What steps should be taken to address these issues?
Discontinue all diuretics without further assessment.
Monitor electrolyte levels and adjust the furosemide dosage
accordingly.
, Switch the patient to a thiazide diuretic immediately.
Increase the furosemide dosage to enhance diuresis.
8. Describe the potential complications that can arise from the use of loop
diuretics if dosages are not properly monitored.
Loop diuretics have no significant complications if used correctly.
The main concern with loop diuretics is their interaction with other
medications.
Improperly monitored dosages of loop diuretics can lead to
dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and renal dysfunction.
Loop diuretics can cause only mild side effects such as headache.
9. Describe how loop diuretics can lead to dehydration and the importance of
monitoring patients on these medications.
Loop diuretics increase fluid retention, reducing the risk of
dehydration.
Loop diuretics primarily affect blood sugar levels, not hydration.
Loop diuretics have no effect on hydration status.
Loop diuretics can lead to dehydration by promoting excessive
urine production, necessitating careful monitoring of fluid balance.
10. Describe how dehydration can lead to complications such as thrombosis or
embolus.
Dehydration has no effect on blood flow or clotting mechanisms.
Dehydration causes the body to produce more red blood cells,
reducing the risk of clotting.
Dehydration can lead to increased blood viscosity and reduced
blood flow, increasing the risk of thrombosis or embolus.
