MMSC 220 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
How are unique patters of fingerprints made? - Answers - -friction ridges (raised)
-furrows (recessed)
Francis Galton - Answers - described minutiae as "Galton Details"
Dermal papillae - Answers - boundary of cells separating the epidermis from the dermis
Admissibility in court: permanence/persistence - Answers - fingerprints don't change
over time
Admissibility in court: individuality/uniqueness - Answers - each person's fingerprints are
unique, based on minutiae
How many individual ridge characteristics does the average fingerprint have - Answers -
150
Friction ridges - Answers - produce the black lines seen in fingerprints
How many details does Locard believe suffices as positive identification - Answers - 12
How many ridge characteristics are needed for a match in Delaware - Answers - 8-16
No- point system - Answers - what most courts use, no minimum number of fingerprint
characteristics are required for a match
Ridge patterns: loops - Answers - -most common
-flow from 1 side and back to same side; delta on opposite side
Ulnar loop - Answers - when lines enter and exit towards the pinky
Radial loop - Answers - when lines enter and exit towards the thumb
Ridge patterns: whorl - Answers - -2nd most common
-types: plain, double loop, central pocket, accidental
-rounded or circular and have 2 or more deltas
Ridge patterns: arches - Answers - -least common
-ridges enter on one side and exit on the other
-no deltas
Focal points of a fingerprint - Answers - -core
, -delta
Minutiae - Answers - 8 types:
1. ridge ending
2. bifurcation
3. island (short ridge)/point/dot
4. lake
5. opposed bifurcations and cross
6. bridge
7. double bifurcation and trifurcation
8. hook and spur
Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) - Answers - computer algorithm that
determines degree of correlation between a person and their fingerprint
Patent prints - Answers - visible and plastic
Latent prints - Answers - invisible to the naked eye
Detecting fingerprints: powders - Answers - lightly applied with brush
-chemical
-magnetic
Detecting fingerprints: superglue (cyanoacrylate) vapors - Answers - works on non-
porous surface
Detecting fingerprints: reflected UV imaging system (RUVIS) - Answers - light reflected
back into viewer
Detecting fingerprints: ninhydrin - Answers - chemical developer
Preservation of detected fingerprints - Answers - 1. preserve
2. photograph
3. lift with adhesive tape
4. scan and edit
ACEV - Answers - -Analysis
-Comparison
-Evaluation
-Verification
Disposition of a drug includes - Answers - ADME:
-absorption
-distribution
-metabolism
-elimination (excretion)
ANSWERS
How are unique patters of fingerprints made? - Answers - -friction ridges (raised)
-furrows (recessed)
Francis Galton - Answers - described minutiae as "Galton Details"
Dermal papillae - Answers - boundary of cells separating the epidermis from the dermis
Admissibility in court: permanence/persistence - Answers - fingerprints don't change
over time
Admissibility in court: individuality/uniqueness - Answers - each person's fingerprints are
unique, based on minutiae
How many individual ridge characteristics does the average fingerprint have - Answers -
150
Friction ridges - Answers - produce the black lines seen in fingerprints
How many details does Locard believe suffices as positive identification - Answers - 12
How many ridge characteristics are needed for a match in Delaware - Answers - 8-16
No- point system - Answers - what most courts use, no minimum number of fingerprint
characteristics are required for a match
Ridge patterns: loops - Answers - -most common
-flow from 1 side and back to same side; delta on opposite side
Ulnar loop - Answers - when lines enter and exit towards the pinky
Radial loop - Answers - when lines enter and exit towards the thumb
Ridge patterns: whorl - Answers - -2nd most common
-types: plain, double loop, central pocket, accidental
-rounded or circular and have 2 or more deltas
Ridge patterns: arches - Answers - -least common
-ridges enter on one side and exit on the other
-no deltas
Focal points of a fingerprint - Answers - -core
, -delta
Minutiae - Answers - 8 types:
1. ridge ending
2. bifurcation
3. island (short ridge)/point/dot
4. lake
5. opposed bifurcations and cross
6. bridge
7. double bifurcation and trifurcation
8. hook and spur
Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) - Answers - computer algorithm that
determines degree of correlation between a person and their fingerprint
Patent prints - Answers - visible and plastic
Latent prints - Answers - invisible to the naked eye
Detecting fingerprints: powders - Answers - lightly applied with brush
-chemical
-magnetic
Detecting fingerprints: superglue (cyanoacrylate) vapors - Answers - works on non-
porous surface
Detecting fingerprints: reflected UV imaging system (RUVIS) - Answers - light reflected
back into viewer
Detecting fingerprints: ninhydrin - Answers - chemical developer
Preservation of detected fingerprints - Answers - 1. preserve
2. photograph
3. lift with adhesive tape
4. scan and edit
ACEV - Answers - -Analysis
-Comparison
-Evaluation
-Verification
Disposition of a drug includes - Answers - ADME:
-absorption
-distribution
-metabolism
-elimination (excretion)
