GCU BIO-201 Exam 1 Complete Practice
Guide (Questions and Verified Answers) |
Latest Edition
1. What is gross anatomy - ANSWER ...branch of anatomy that deals with the
structure of organs and tissues that are visible to the naked eye.
2. Define embryology, cytology & microscopic anatomy - ANSWER
...Embryology- development before birth, Cytology- cells of the body,
Microscopic Anatomy- structures to small to be seen with naked eye
3. The main component of the cytoplasm - ANSWER ...Cytosol
4. What is mitosis - ANSWER ...cell division that results in two daughter cells
each having the same # and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus,
typical of ordinary tissue growth.
5. The basic structural material of the body is made of what - ANSWER
...Proteins
6. What are microvilli - ANSWER ...projections from the surface of some
cells, have a fuzzy appearance called a brush border (fingerlike extensions)
7. What is passive membrane transport; - ANSWER ...substances cross the
membrane without any energy input from the cell; unlike active transport
that requires energy from the cell
,8. What are the characteristics of Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium -
ANSWER ...single layer of cells of differing heights, some not reaching the
free surface; nuclei seen at different levels; may contain mucus secreting
cells and bear cilia.
9. What is basal metabolic rate (BMR) - ANSWER ...reflects the energy the
body needs to perform only its most essential activities. ( this happens at an
in rest state ; neutral)
10.What is Simple Squamous Epithelial tissue - ANSWER ...one layer, flat egg
shaped , allows materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where
protection is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae;
11.Why should elderly patients decrease their caloric intake - ANSWER
...because their BMR reduces dramatically, if they increase their calorie
intake they will gain weight
12.The functions of tRNA - ANSWER ...carry amino acids to the ribosomes,
there they decode mRNA's msg for amino acid sequence in the polypeptide
to be built
13.Salts are ALWAYS _______ - ANSWER ...ionic compound
14.Which tissue is highly cellular and vascularized - ANSWER ...muscle tissue
15.The 4 elements that comprise 90% of body matter - ANSWER ...Carbon
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen
,16.Why is cholesterol important in our bodies - ANSWER ...it is found in the
bloodstream and every cell of the body, it produces cell membranes,
hormones, vitamin d, and bile acids that help digest fat.
17.What are riboswitches - ANSWER ...are specific components of mRNA
that help with gene expression
18.What codes genetic information in DNA - ANSWER ...mRNA
19.Know what happens in the stages of mitosis - ANSWER ...Early prophase-
chromatic condenses forming bar-like chromosomes; Late Prophase- the
nuclear envelope breaks up, allowing the spindle to interact with the
chromosomes; Metaphase-the two centrosomes are at opposite poles of the
cell; Anaphase-chromosomes split; Telophase- identical sets of
chromosomes are at opposite ends; Cytokines-cell pinches apart
20.What tissue type comes from all 3 embryonic germ layers - ANSWER
...Epithelial; endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm
21.The most abundant chemical in our body - ANSWER ...h2o
22.Role of leptin in the body - ANSWER ...Leptin regulates energy intake and
fat stores so that weight is maintained within a relatively narrow range.
"Leptin is a hormone made by fat cells, that decrease appetite"
23.What is an organic molecule - ANSWER ...are the molecules of life and are
built around chains of carbon atoms that are often quite long.
, 24.Some functions of lysosomes - ANSWER ...they breakdown, degrade and
digest safely within a cell
25.What type of epithelium would you find dense microvilli (lining intestines
and kidney tubules) - ANSWER ... simple cuboidal epithelium
26.Where would you find Pseudostratified columnar epithelia - ANSWER
...ciliated is found in the trachea and upper respiratury tract; non ciliated is
found in the male sperm
27.Major functions of fat - ANSWER ...provides reserve fuel for cell, insulates
against heat loss, supports and protects organs
28.What is metabolism - ANSWER ... either Anabolism- which build larger
molecules from smaller ones ( storage of energy). Catabolism- which breaks
down from complex molecules to simpler ones ( with the release of energy).
29.What do collagen fibers do for IVDs ( intervertebral discs) - ANSWER
...they provide strength with there crosslinks which resist being pulled apart,
as well as cushioning.
30.What produces the most ATPs during cellular respiration - ANSWER
...glucose, and the electron transport chain
31.What is a frontal section/cut - ANSWER ...through torso- divides the body
by anterior(front) and posterior (back)
32.Improperly digesting nutrients, may indicate a problem of which tissue layer
- ANSWER ...simple epithelium
Guide (Questions and Verified Answers) |
Latest Edition
1. What is gross anatomy - ANSWER ...branch of anatomy that deals with the
structure of organs and tissues that are visible to the naked eye.
2. Define embryology, cytology & microscopic anatomy - ANSWER
...Embryology- development before birth, Cytology- cells of the body,
Microscopic Anatomy- structures to small to be seen with naked eye
3. The main component of the cytoplasm - ANSWER ...Cytosol
4. What is mitosis - ANSWER ...cell division that results in two daughter cells
each having the same # and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus,
typical of ordinary tissue growth.
5. The basic structural material of the body is made of what - ANSWER
...Proteins
6. What are microvilli - ANSWER ...projections from the surface of some
cells, have a fuzzy appearance called a brush border (fingerlike extensions)
7. What is passive membrane transport; - ANSWER ...substances cross the
membrane without any energy input from the cell; unlike active transport
that requires energy from the cell
,8. What are the characteristics of Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium -
ANSWER ...single layer of cells of differing heights, some not reaching the
free surface; nuclei seen at different levels; may contain mucus secreting
cells and bear cilia.
9. What is basal metabolic rate (BMR) - ANSWER ...reflects the energy the
body needs to perform only its most essential activities. ( this happens at an
in rest state ; neutral)
10.What is Simple Squamous Epithelial tissue - ANSWER ...one layer, flat egg
shaped , allows materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where
protection is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae;
11.Why should elderly patients decrease their caloric intake - ANSWER
...because their BMR reduces dramatically, if they increase their calorie
intake they will gain weight
12.The functions of tRNA - ANSWER ...carry amino acids to the ribosomes,
there they decode mRNA's msg for amino acid sequence in the polypeptide
to be built
13.Salts are ALWAYS _______ - ANSWER ...ionic compound
14.Which tissue is highly cellular and vascularized - ANSWER ...muscle tissue
15.The 4 elements that comprise 90% of body matter - ANSWER ...Carbon
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen
,16.Why is cholesterol important in our bodies - ANSWER ...it is found in the
bloodstream and every cell of the body, it produces cell membranes,
hormones, vitamin d, and bile acids that help digest fat.
17.What are riboswitches - ANSWER ...are specific components of mRNA
that help with gene expression
18.What codes genetic information in DNA - ANSWER ...mRNA
19.Know what happens in the stages of mitosis - ANSWER ...Early prophase-
chromatic condenses forming bar-like chromosomes; Late Prophase- the
nuclear envelope breaks up, allowing the spindle to interact with the
chromosomes; Metaphase-the two centrosomes are at opposite poles of the
cell; Anaphase-chromosomes split; Telophase- identical sets of
chromosomes are at opposite ends; Cytokines-cell pinches apart
20.What tissue type comes from all 3 embryonic germ layers - ANSWER
...Epithelial; endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm
21.The most abundant chemical in our body - ANSWER ...h2o
22.Role of leptin in the body - ANSWER ...Leptin regulates energy intake and
fat stores so that weight is maintained within a relatively narrow range.
"Leptin is a hormone made by fat cells, that decrease appetite"
23.What is an organic molecule - ANSWER ...are the molecules of life and are
built around chains of carbon atoms that are often quite long.
, 24.Some functions of lysosomes - ANSWER ...they breakdown, degrade and
digest safely within a cell
25.What type of epithelium would you find dense microvilli (lining intestines
and kidney tubules) - ANSWER ... simple cuboidal epithelium
26.Where would you find Pseudostratified columnar epithelia - ANSWER
...ciliated is found in the trachea and upper respiratury tract; non ciliated is
found in the male sperm
27.Major functions of fat - ANSWER ...provides reserve fuel for cell, insulates
against heat loss, supports and protects organs
28.What is metabolism - ANSWER ... either Anabolism- which build larger
molecules from smaller ones ( storage of energy). Catabolism- which breaks
down from complex molecules to simpler ones ( with the release of energy).
29.What do collagen fibers do for IVDs ( intervertebral discs) - ANSWER
...they provide strength with there crosslinks which resist being pulled apart,
as well as cushioning.
30.What produces the most ATPs during cellular respiration - ANSWER
...glucose, and the electron transport chain
31.What is a frontal section/cut - ANSWER ...through torso- divides the body
by anterior(front) and posterior (back)
32.Improperly digesting nutrients, may indicate a problem of which tissue layer
- ANSWER ...simple epithelium
