RESEARCH METHODS EXAM 5 EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ tests the effect of one independent variable at each level of
another independent variable in an ANOVA
Answer: interaction effect
◉ different situations or conditions that participants experience in
an experiment because of the manipulation of the independent
variable
Answer: levels of the independent variable
◉ test of the differences between all means for each level of each
independent variable in an ANOVA
Answer: main effect
◉ inferential test used for designs with three or more sample means
Answer: analysis of variance (ANOVA)
,◉ statistical tests conducted to characterize an interaction effect
when one is found in an ANOVA
Answer: simple effects tests
◉ a type of research design where a comparison is made, as in an
experiment, but no random assignment of participants to groups
occurs
Answer: quasi-experiment
◉ variable that allows comparison of groups of participants without
manipulation (i.e. no random assignment)
Answer: quasi-independent/subject variable
◉ participants are randomly assigned to levels of the independent
variable in an experiment to control for individual differences as an
extraneous variable
Answer: random assignment
◉ a type of research design (often a quasi-experiment) where
behavior is measured both before and after a treatment or condition
is implemented
Answer: pretest-posttest design
, ◉ events that occur during the course of a study to all participants
or to individuals participants that can result in bias
Answer: history effect
◉ groups compared in a study where participants are not randomly
assigned
Answer: nonequivalent groups
◉ can occur when participants score higher or lower than their
personal average--the next time they are tested, they are more likely
to store near their personal average, making scores unreliable
Answer: regression toward the mean
◉ occur when participants are tested more than once in a study,
with early testing affecting later testing
Answer: testing effects
◉ pretest-posttest design with two sets of nonequivalent groups,
one set that takes the pretest and posttest and one set that takes
only the posttest
Answer: solomon four-group design
SCRIPT 2026 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ tests the effect of one independent variable at each level of
another independent variable in an ANOVA
Answer: interaction effect
◉ different situations or conditions that participants experience in
an experiment because of the manipulation of the independent
variable
Answer: levels of the independent variable
◉ test of the differences between all means for each level of each
independent variable in an ANOVA
Answer: main effect
◉ inferential test used for designs with three or more sample means
Answer: analysis of variance (ANOVA)
,◉ statistical tests conducted to characterize an interaction effect
when one is found in an ANOVA
Answer: simple effects tests
◉ a type of research design where a comparison is made, as in an
experiment, but no random assignment of participants to groups
occurs
Answer: quasi-experiment
◉ variable that allows comparison of groups of participants without
manipulation (i.e. no random assignment)
Answer: quasi-independent/subject variable
◉ participants are randomly assigned to levels of the independent
variable in an experiment to control for individual differences as an
extraneous variable
Answer: random assignment
◉ a type of research design (often a quasi-experiment) where
behavior is measured both before and after a treatment or condition
is implemented
Answer: pretest-posttest design
, ◉ events that occur during the course of a study to all participants
or to individuals participants that can result in bias
Answer: history effect
◉ groups compared in a study where participants are not randomly
assigned
Answer: nonequivalent groups
◉ can occur when participants score higher or lower than their
personal average--the next time they are tested, they are more likely
to store near their personal average, making scores unreliable
Answer: regression toward the mean
◉ occur when participants are tested more than once in a study,
with early testing affecting later testing
Answer: testing effects
◉ pretest-posttest design with two sets of nonequivalent groups,
one set that takes the pretest and posttest and one set that takes
only the posttest
Answer: solomon four-group design
