HSC 4551 Survey Of Human Diseases Ch. 10,
12, & 13 Exam With Complete Solutions
Which structure drains urine from the kidney?
kidney
urethra
nephron
ureter - ANSWER ureter
Where are the kidneys located?
floor of the pelvic cavity
anterior abdomen
retroperitoneal
mid-thoracic - ANSWER retroperitoneal
What do the kidneys produce that stimulates red blood cell production?
erythropoietin
renin
antidiuretic hormone
urine - ANSWER erythropoietin
What is a function of the nephron?
drain urine from the urinary bladder
,filter metabolic waste products
reabsorb acid and urea
regulate salt and water reabsorption - ANSWER filter metabolic waste products
Which structure within the nephron leads to a collecting duct?
loop of henle
distal convoluted tubule
afferent arteriole
proximal tubule - ANSWER distal convoluted tubule
What is a cause of acute kidney injury?
cystitis
diabetes mellitus
shock
seasonal influenza - ANSWER shock
Which sign will a patient with acute kidney injury demonstrate?
joint pain
dysuria
oliguria
blood in the urine - ANSWER oliguria
In the patient with acute kidney injury, which electrolyte should be monitored to
prevent cardiac arrest?
magnesium
potassium
chloride
, sodium - ANSWER potassium
What should be prescribed to treat lupus nephritis?
increased oral fluid intake
decreased dietary calcium intake
anti-inflammatory drugs
decreased oral protein intake - ANSWER anti-inflammatory drugs
What symptom suggests that a patient has IgA nephropathy?
swelling of the hands and feet
facial edema
ammonia odor on the breath
groin pain - ANSWER swelling of the hands and feet
What causes lower urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
immunoglobulin deposits in the kidney
high carbohydrate diet
dehydration
bacteria - ANSWER bacteria
How do bacteria enter the bladder during a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)?
bacteria are always present in the bladder
ascend the urethra
descend from the kidneys
through the blood stream - ANSWER ascend the urethra
What predisposes a patient to develop a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)?
high sugar content in the diet
12, & 13 Exam With Complete Solutions
Which structure drains urine from the kidney?
kidney
urethra
nephron
ureter - ANSWER ureter
Where are the kidneys located?
floor of the pelvic cavity
anterior abdomen
retroperitoneal
mid-thoracic - ANSWER retroperitoneal
What do the kidneys produce that stimulates red blood cell production?
erythropoietin
renin
antidiuretic hormone
urine - ANSWER erythropoietin
What is a function of the nephron?
drain urine from the urinary bladder
,filter metabolic waste products
reabsorb acid and urea
regulate salt and water reabsorption - ANSWER filter metabolic waste products
Which structure within the nephron leads to a collecting duct?
loop of henle
distal convoluted tubule
afferent arteriole
proximal tubule - ANSWER distal convoluted tubule
What is a cause of acute kidney injury?
cystitis
diabetes mellitus
shock
seasonal influenza - ANSWER shock
Which sign will a patient with acute kidney injury demonstrate?
joint pain
dysuria
oliguria
blood in the urine - ANSWER oliguria
In the patient with acute kidney injury, which electrolyte should be monitored to
prevent cardiac arrest?
magnesium
potassium
chloride
, sodium - ANSWER potassium
What should be prescribed to treat lupus nephritis?
increased oral fluid intake
decreased dietary calcium intake
anti-inflammatory drugs
decreased oral protein intake - ANSWER anti-inflammatory drugs
What symptom suggests that a patient has IgA nephropathy?
swelling of the hands and feet
facial edema
ammonia odor on the breath
groin pain - ANSWER swelling of the hands and feet
What causes lower urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
immunoglobulin deposits in the kidney
high carbohydrate diet
dehydration
bacteria - ANSWER bacteria
How do bacteria enter the bladder during a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)?
bacteria are always present in the bladder
ascend the urethra
descend from the kidneys
through the blood stream - ANSWER ascend the urethra
What predisposes a patient to develop a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)?
high sugar content in the diet
