PNP Board Certification Review - Health Promotion and Well-Child
Care for Infants, Children, and Adolescents questions and answers A+
Grade 2026\2027
1. Sixteen-year-old Sarah makes the following state-ments to you during a health visit. Which of the fol-
lowing pieces of information should not be kept confidential?
a. "I have been sexually active with three of my boyfriends."
b. "I sometimes smoke marijuana.
"c. "I want to get pregnant."
d. "Sometimes I feel like ending my life."
- correct answer 1. D: Any statements a patient makes that entail harm of self or others are not covered
by patient confidential-ity guidelines.
2. In performing a physical examination of a 9-month-old infant, which of the following developmental
fears would not be appropriate for you to consider?
a. Stranger anxiety
b. Pain
c. Separation from parents
d. Bodily harm
- correct answer 2. D: A 9-month-old infant is not capable of such higher-order thinking.
3. When performing a physical examination of a toddler, which of the following body parts would you
examine last?
a. Heart and lungs
b. Abdomen and genitals
c. Ears and throat
d. Hips and extremities
- correct answer 3. C: Ears and throat examination is most threatening to the toddler and likely to
produce resistance during the examination.
,4. Role-play with equipment during the course of a physical examination would be most beneficial with
which of the following age groups?
a. Toddlers
b. Preschoolers
c. Young school-age children
d. Older school-age children
- correct answer 4. B: Preschoolers engage in imaginative play and are more easily engaged in this
activity.
5. Providing reassurance of "normalcy" during the course of an examination would be most important
for:
a. Preschool children
b. Young school-age children
c. Older school-age children
d. Adolescents
- correct answer 5. D: Adolescents have heightened concerns regarding body image. They fear that they
are abnormal and would be reassured by this behavior.
6. Which of the following would not elevate the pulse of a child?
a. Fever
b. Anemia
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Exercise
- correct answer 6. C: Hypothyroidism decreases body metabolism, and the others cause an increase in
body metabolism and subsequent pulse rate.
7. The PNP recognizes which of the following signs as indicators that a baby is not receiving sufficient
breastmilk?
a. Sleepiness, jaundice, and decreased urine and stool
b. Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
c. Bulging fontanel and irritability
, d. Sleeplessness and excitability
- correct answer 7. A: Decreased intake would cause decreased alertness and decreased excretion of
bilirubin due to decreased urine and stool output.
8. Blood pressure should be measured at well-child vis-its beginning at age:
a. 2 years
b. 3 years
c. 4 years
d. 5 years
- correct answer 8. B: At age 3 years, per AAP recommendations for pre-ventive pediatric health care.
9. A wide pulse pressure that results from a high sys-tolic blood pressure is usually not due to which of
the following?
a. Fever
b. Exercise
c. Excitement
d. A patent ductus arteriosus
- correct answer 9. D: Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures
(normal is 20 to 50 mm Hg). A wide pulse pressure from high systolic pressure is usually due to fever,
exercise, or excitement. A wide pulse pressure from low diastolic pressure is usually due to patent
ductus arteriosus, aortic regurgitation, or other serious heart disease.
10. Head and chest circumferences should be equal at:
a. 6 months of age
b. 1 year of age
c. 2 years of age
d. 3 years of age
- correct answer 10. B: Head circumference is approximately 2 cm larger than chest during the first year
of life; head and chest circumferences should be equal at 1 year of age; dur-ing childhood, chest is
usually 5 to 7 cm larger than head.
11. The anterior fontanel usually closes by:
a. 2 months of age
Care for Infants, Children, and Adolescents questions and answers A+
Grade 2026\2027
1. Sixteen-year-old Sarah makes the following state-ments to you during a health visit. Which of the fol-
lowing pieces of information should not be kept confidential?
a. "I have been sexually active with three of my boyfriends."
b. "I sometimes smoke marijuana.
"c. "I want to get pregnant."
d. "Sometimes I feel like ending my life."
- correct answer 1. D: Any statements a patient makes that entail harm of self or others are not covered
by patient confidential-ity guidelines.
2. In performing a physical examination of a 9-month-old infant, which of the following developmental
fears would not be appropriate for you to consider?
a. Stranger anxiety
b. Pain
c. Separation from parents
d. Bodily harm
- correct answer 2. D: A 9-month-old infant is not capable of such higher-order thinking.
3. When performing a physical examination of a toddler, which of the following body parts would you
examine last?
a. Heart and lungs
b. Abdomen and genitals
c. Ears and throat
d. Hips and extremities
- correct answer 3. C: Ears and throat examination is most threatening to the toddler and likely to
produce resistance during the examination.
,4. Role-play with equipment during the course of a physical examination would be most beneficial with
which of the following age groups?
a. Toddlers
b. Preschoolers
c. Young school-age children
d. Older school-age children
- correct answer 4. B: Preschoolers engage in imaginative play and are more easily engaged in this
activity.
5. Providing reassurance of "normalcy" during the course of an examination would be most important
for:
a. Preschool children
b. Young school-age children
c. Older school-age children
d. Adolescents
- correct answer 5. D: Adolescents have heightened concerns regarding body image. They fear that they
are abnormal and would be reassured by this behavior.
6. Which of the following would not elevate the pulse of a child?
a. Fever
b. Anemia
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Exercise
- correct answer 6. C: Hypothyroidism decreases body metabolism, and the others cause an increase in
body metabolism and subsequent pulse rate.
7. The PNP recognizes which of the following signs as indicators that a baby is not receiving sufficient
breastmilk?
a. Sleepiness, jaundice, and decreased urine and stool
b. Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
c. Bulging fontanel and irritability
, d. Sleeplessness and excitability
- correct answer 7. A: Decreased intake would cause decreased alertness and decreased excretion of
bilirubin due to decreased urine and stool output.
8. Blood pressure should be measured at well-child vis-its beginning at age:
a. 2 years
b. 3 years
c. 4 years
d. 5 years
- correct answer 8. B: At age 3 years, per AAP recommendations for pre-ventive pediatric health care.
9. A wide pulse pressure that results from a high sys-tolic blood pressure is usually not due to which of
the following?
a. Fever
b. Exercise
c. Excitement
d. A patent ductus arteriosus
- correct answer 9. D: Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures
(normal is 20 to 50 mm Hg). A wide pulse pressure from high systolic pressure is usually due to fever,
exercise, or excitement. A wide pulse pressure from low diastolic pressure is usually due to patent
ductus arteriosus, aortic regurgitation, or other serious heart disease.
10. Head and chest circumferences should be equal at:
a. 6 months of age
b. 1 year of age
c. 2 years of age
d. 3 years of age
- correct answer 10. B: Head circumference is approximately 2 cm larger than chest during the first year
of life; head and chest circumferences should be equal at 1 year of age; dur-ing childhood, chest is
usually 5 to 7 cm larger than head.
11. The anterior fontanel usually closes by:
a. 2 months of age
