JERSEY COLLEGE NUTRITION Final Question and Answer [2026/2027] | UPDATED ACTUAL Exam | Latest Version

JERSEY COLLEGE NUTRITION Final Question and
Answer [2026/2027] | UPDATED ACTUAL Exam |
Latest Version
• Atom . CORRECT ANSWER: Basic building block of all matter.


• Proton . CORRECT ANSWER: Positively charged particle in an atom's nucleus.


• Neutron . CORRECT ANSWER: Neutral particle in an atom's nucleus.


• Electron . CORRECT ANSWER: Negatively charged particle orbiting the
nucleus.


• Nucleus . CORRECT ANSWER: Center of an atom containing protons and
neutrons.


• Electron cloud . CORRECT ANSWER: Region where electrons move around
the nucleus.


• Unpaired electrons . CORRECT ANSWER: Electrons that do not have a pair.


• Superoxide . CORRECT ANSWER: O2 molecule with one unpaired electron.


• Free radicals . CORRECT ANSWER: Atoms/molecules with unpaired electrons,
highly reactive.


• Reactive oxygen species . CORRECT ANSWER: Oxygen-containing free
radicals, e.g., hydrogen peroxide.

,• Chain reactions . CORRECT ANSWER: Processes where free radicals damage
cells.


• Free radical detoxifying enzymes . CORRECT ANSWER: Enzymes that protect
cells from free radicals.


• Antioxidants . CORRECT ANSWER: Substances that block free radicals from
stealing electrons.


• Superoxide Dismutases (SOD) . CORRECT ANSWER: Enzymes converting
superoxides to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.


• Catalase . CORRECT ANSWER: Enzyme converting hydrogen peroxide to
water and oxygen.


• Glutathione Peroxidases . CORRECT ANSWER: Enzymes converting hydrogen
peroxide to water and oxygen.


• Hydrophilic antioxidants . CORRECT ANSWER: Water-soluble antioxidants
acting in cytosol or blood.


• Hydrophobic antioxidants . CORRECT ANSWER: Fat-soluble antioxidants
protecting cell membranes.


• Glutathione . CORRECT ANSWER: Antioxidant composed of three amino
acids.

,• Uric Acid . CORRECT ANSWER: Metabolic intermediate that disables free
radicals.


• Vitamin A . CORRECT ANSWER: Fat-soluble antioxidant protecting cellular
membranes.


• Vitamin E . CORRECT ANSWER: Fat-soluble antioxidant preventing
glutathione depletion.


• Vitamin C . CORRECT ANSWER: Water-soluble antioxidant protecting DNA
and proteins.


• Oxidative stress . CORRECT ANSWER: Imbalance between free radicals and
detoxifying systems.


• Vitamin C . CORRECT ANSWER: Water-soluble vitamin essential for immune
function.


• Ascorbic Acid . CORRECT ANSWER: Chemical name for Vitamin C.


• Antioxidant . CORRECT ANSWER: Substance that prevents oxidation of other
molecules.


• Collagen Synthesis . CORRECT ANSWER: Vitamin C is required for collagen
production.


• Vitamin E . CORRECT ANSWER: Fat-soluble vitamin involved in antioxidant
defense.

, • CVD . CORRECT ANSWER: Cardiovascular disease, linked to vitamin
deficiencies.


• Fat Soluble . CORRECT ANSWER: Vitamins that require fat for absorption.


• Vitamin A . CORRECT ANSWER: Essential for vision and immune health.


• Retinoids . CORRECT ANSWER: Forms of Vitamin A including retinol and
retinal.


• Phytochemicals . CORRECT ANSWER: Plant chemicals with antioxidant
properties.


• Carotenoids . CORRECT ANSWER: Plant pigments aiding vision and heart
health.


• Flavonoids . CORRECT ANSWER: Plant compounds reducing cardiovascular
disease risk.


• Organosulfur Compounds . CORRECT ANSWER: Found in garlic, may reduce
CVD risk.


• Lignans . CORRECT ANSWER: Plant compounds that may mimic estrogen.


• Selenium . CORRECT ANSWER: Mineral aiding in detoxification and immune
response.