McCance Huether’s Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (9TH) by Julia Rogers + NCLEX Case Studies with Answers TEST BANK

TESTBANKFORPATHOPHYSIOLOGY9TH
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dyEDITION McCANCE ALL CHAPTERS 1-50
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dyQUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025.
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,Chapter 1-49 dy




Chapter01: Cellular Biology
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Rogers: McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology, 9th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE dy




1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
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a. Cells can produce proteins. dy dy dy




b. Cells can secrete digestive dy dy dy




enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use dy dy dy dy dy




nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats. dy dy dy




ANS: d y C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other
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substances from their surroundings. The remaining options are not
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inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering dy dy




2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA,
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contained?
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a. Mitochond
ria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: d y C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed
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largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such
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as the histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are
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responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
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Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
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function as the intracellular digestive system.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering dy dy




3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
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oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
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reaction?
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a. Lysosome
s
b. Peroxisom

, es
c. Ribosome
s
d. Endosome

ANS: d y B

, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to
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remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that
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produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it
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accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes
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(nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the
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cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes.
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Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain
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more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in
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proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has
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been pinched off from the cellular membrane.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering dy dy




4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
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released during cell injury?
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a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex dy




c. Smooth endoplasmic dy




reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: d y D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
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digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing
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their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by
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various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal
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enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing
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cellular self- digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites
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for cellular protein synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened,
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smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the cell nucleus. The
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production
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and removing toxic substances from the cell.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering dy dy




5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
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a. Increased heart rate and force of dy dy dy dy dy




contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol dy dy




c. Increased retention of water dy dy dy




d. Breakdown of fat dy dy




ANS: d y C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. dy dy dy dy dy dy dy dy dy dy




Epinephrine causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased
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cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering dy dy




6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
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