BIOM 3090 | COMPLETE EXAM 2026/2027 | QUESTIONS AND
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS | PASS GUARANTEE
1. Which process describes the movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the bloodstream?
A. Excretion
B. Metabolism
C. Distribution
D. Absorption
ANSWER : D
2. What term describes the fraction of an administered drug dose that reaches
systemic circulation unchanged?
A. Half-life
B. Bioavailability
C. Clearance
D. Volume of distribution
ANSWER : B
3. A drug given intravenously has a bioavailability of approximately:
A. 100%
B. 25%
C. 75%
D. 50%
ANSWER : A
4. First-pass metabolism primarily occurs in which organ?
A. Lung
B. Liver
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, C. Spleen
D. Kidney
ANSWER : B
5. Which route of administration bypasses first-pass hepatic metabolism?
A. Sublingual
B. Enteral
C. Oral
D. Rectal (upper)
ANSWER : A
6. The volume of distribution (Vd) relates the amount of drug in the body to:
A. Renal clearance
B. Plasma drug concentration
C. Protein binding percentage
D. Total body water only
ANSWER : B
7. A drug with a very large volume of distribution is likely to be:
A. Confined to plasma
B. Highly ionized
C. Poorly absorbed
D. Highly lipophilic and tissue-bound
ANSWER : D
8. Which of the following best describes zero-order kinetics?
A. A constant fraction of drug is eliminated per unit time
B. A constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time
C. Elimination rate is proportional to plasma concentration
D. Half-life remains constant regardless of dose
ANSWER : B
9. Ethanol and phenytoin are classic examples of drugs exhibiting:
A. Purely renal elimination
B. First-order elimination exclusively
C. No hepatic metabolism
D. Zero-order elimination at therapeutic/toxic doses
ANSWER : D
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,10. In first-order kinetics, the half-life of a drug:
A. Remains constant regardless of concentration
B. Increases as concentration decreases
C. Decreases as concentration decreases
D. Depends on the dose administered
ANSWER : A
11. Approximately how many half-lives are required to reach steady-state
plasma concentration?
A. 4-5
B. 7-8
C. 10-12
D. 1-2
ANSWER : A
12. Which phase of hepatic biotransformation includes oxidation, reduction,
and hydrolysis reactions?
A. Phase II
B. Phase III
C. Phase I
D. Phase IV
ANSWER : C
13. Phase II hepatic metabolism primarily involves:
A. Reduction
B. Conjugation reactions
C. Hydrolysis
D. Cytochrome P450 oxidation
ANSWER : B
14. Which enzyme family is responsible for the majority of Phase I oxidative
drug metabolism?
A. N-acetyltransferase
B. Glutathione S-transferase
C. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
D. Cytochrome P450
ANSWER : D
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, 15. A drug that induces CYP3A4 would be expected to:
A. Have no effect on other drugs
B. Only affect renal excretion
C. Decrease plasma levels of co-administered CYP3A4 substrates
D. Increase plasma levels of co-administered CYP3A4 substrates
ANSWER : C
16. Grapefruit juice is a well-known inhibitor of which enzyme?
A. CYP2C9
B. CYP2D6
C. CYP1A2
D. CYP3A4
ANSWER : D
17. Renal excretion of drugs involves which three processes?
A. Ionization, hydrolysis, reduction
B. Glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, tubular reabsorption
C. Absorption, distribution, metabolism
D. Filtration, oxidation, conjugation
ANSWER : B
18. Weak acids are more readily excreted in the urine when the urine is:
A. Neutral
B. Alkaline
C. Acidic
D. Isotonic
ANSWER : B
19. Aspirin overdose treatment often includes urinary alkalinization because
aspirin is a:
A. Neutral molecule
B. Highly protein-bound base
C. Weak acid
D. Weak base
ANSWER : C
20. Which plasma protein binds most acidic drugs?
A. Globulin
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100% VERIFIED ANSWERS | PASS GUARANTEE
1. Which process describes the movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the bloodstream?
A. Excretion
B. Metabolism
C. Distribution
D. Absorption
ANSWER : D
2. What term describes the fraction of an administered drug dose that reaches
systemic circulation unchanged?
A. Half-life
B. Bioavailability
C. Clearance
D. Volume of distribution
ANSWER : B
3. A drug given intravenously has a bioavailability of approximately:
A. 100%
B. 25%
C. 75%
D. 50%
ANSWER : A
4. First-pass metabolism primarily occurs in which organ?
A. Lung
B. Liver
Page 1 of 41
, C. Spleen
D. Kidney
ANSWER : B
5. Which route of administration bypasses first-pass hepatic metabolism?
A. Sublingual
B. Enteral
C. Oral
D. Rectal (upper)
ANSWER : A
6. The volume of distribution (Vd) relates the amount of drug in the body to:
A. Renal clearance
B. Plasma drug concentration
C. Protein binding percentage
D. Total body water only
ANSWER : B
7. A drug with a very large volume of distribution is likely to be:
A. Confined to plasma
B. Highly ionized
C. Poorly absorbed
D. Highly lipophilic and tissue-bound
ANSWER : D
8. Which of the following best describes zero-order kinetics?
A. A constant fraction of drug is eliminated per unit time
B. A constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time
C. Elimination rate is proportional to plasma concentration
D. Half-life remains constant regardless of dose
ANSWER : B
9. Ethanol and phenytoin are classic examples of drugs exhibiting:
A. Purely renal elimination
B. First-order elimination exclusively
C. No hepatic metabolism
D. Zero-order elimination at therapeutic/toxic doses
ANSWER : D
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,10. In first-order kinetics, the half-life of a drug:
A. Remains constant regardless of concentration
B. Increases as concentration decreases
C. Decreases as concentration decreases
D. Depends on the dose administered
ANSWER : A
11. Approximately how many half-lives are required to reach steady-state
plasma concentration?
A. 4-5
B. 7-8
C. 10-12
D. 1-2
ANSWER : A
12. Which phase of hepatic biotransformation includes oxidation, reduction,
and hydrolysis reactions?
A. Phase II
B. Phase III
C. Phase I
D. Phase IV
ANSWER : C
13. Phase II hepatic metabolism primarily involves:
A. Reduction
B. Conjugation reactions
C. Hydrolysis
D. Cytochrome P450 oxidation
ANSWER : B
14. Which enzyme family is responsible for the majority of Phase I oxidative
drug metabolism?
A. N-acetyltransferase
B. Glutathione S-transferase
C. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
D. Cytochrome P450
ANSWER : D
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, 15. A drug that induces CYP3A4 would be expected to:
A. Have no effect on other drugs
B. Only affect renal excretion
C. Decrease plasma levels of co-administered CYP3A4 substrates
D. Increase plasma levels of co-administered CYP3A4 substrates
ANSWER : C
16. Grapefruit juice is a well-known inhibitor of which enzyme?
A. CYP2C9
B. CYP2D6
C. CYP1A2
D. CYP3A4
ANSWER : D
17. Renal excretion of drugs involves which three processes?
A. Ionization, hydrolysis, reduction
B. Glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, tubular reabsorption
C. Absorption, distribution, metabolism
D. Filtration, oxidation, conjugation
ANSWER : B
18. Weak acids are more readily excreted in the urine when the urine is:
A. Neutral
B. Alkaline
C. Acidic
D. Isotonic
ANSWER : B
19. Aspirin overdose treatment often includes urinary alkalinization because
aspirin is a:
A. Neutral molecule
B. Highly protein-bound base
C. Weak acid
D. Weak base
ANSWER : C
20. Which plasma protein binds most acidic drugs?
A. Globulin
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