Advanced Pharmacology Final Verified Exam Questions and Answers
Latest update 2026/2027
Question:
1. A 64-year-old man presents with mild to moderate musculoskeletal back pain. He states that he has
tried acetaminophen without relief. His medical history includes diabetes, hypertension,
hyperlipidemia, gastric ulcer (resolved), and coronary artery disease. Which is the most appropriate
NSAID regimen to treat this patient's pain?
A. Celacoxib
B. Indomethacin and omeprazole
C. Naproxen and omeprazole
D. Naproxen
Answer:
C. Naproxen and omeprazole
Question:
2. Which statement is correct regarding the difference between acetaminophen and naproxen?
A. Acetaminophen has more anti-inflammatory effects compared with naproxen.
B. Acetaminophen has more Gl side effects but less
effects on bleeding compared with naproxen.
C. Acetaminophen has less risk for CV events compared with naproxen.
D. Acetaminophen has fewer antipyretic effects than
naproxen.
Answer:
C. Acetaminophen has less
risk for CV events compared with naproxen.
Question:
3. Which statement correctly describes the proposed mechanism of cardioprotection from low-dose
aspirin?
A. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-2 to lead to a
relative reduction in thromboxane ~ levels.
B. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-1 to lead to a
relative reduction in thromboxane ~ levels.
C. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-2 to lead to a
relative reduction in prostacyclin levels.
D. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-1 to lead a relative reduction in prostacyclin levels.
Answer:
B. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-1 to lead to
a relative reduction in thromboxane ~ levels.
,Question:
4. Which statement correctly describes the pathophysiologic actions of prostaglandins at a target
tissue?
A. Promote vasoconstriction in the kidneys.
B. Promote sodium and water retention in the kidneys.
C. Decrease secretion of mucus at the lining of the
stomach.
D. Decrease secretion of gastric acid in the stomach
Answer:
D. Decrease secretion of
gastric acid in the stomach
Question:
5. Which prostaglandin agent can be used to maintain the patency of the ductus arteriosus in neonates
with congenital heart problems while awaiting surgery?
A. Misoprostol
B. Epoprostenol
C. Bimatoprost
D. Alprostadil
Answer:
D. Alprostadil
Question:
6. A 34-year-old woman with RA is planning for pregnan- D. Methotrexate and cy. Which RA agents
are absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy?
A. Abatacept and rituximab
B. Adalimumab and certolizumab
C. lnfliximab and etanercept
D. Methotrexate and leflunomide
Answer:
leflunomide
Question:
7. Which agent for RA competes with CD28 to prevent full T-cell activation?
A. Sarilumab
B. Abatacept
C. Golimumab
D. Adalimumab
Answer:
B. Abatacept
,Question:
8. Which statement correctly represents the mechanism B. Janus kinase inhibitor of action of
tofacitinib in the treatment of RA?
A. TNF-a inhibitor
B. Janus kinase inhibitor
C. IL-6 receptor blocker
D. Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor
Answer:
Question:
9. A 54-year-old man with gout is found to have an issue C. Probencid with renal excretion of uric
acid. Which drug is an oral agent that would target the cause of his acute gout attacks?
A. Allopurinol
B. Febuxostat
C. Probenecid
D. Pegloticase
Answer:
Question:
10. A 64-year-old man presents with signs and symptoms C. Probenecid of an acute gouty flare.
Which strategy is the least likely to acutely improve his gout symptoms and pain?
A. Naproxen
B. Colchicine
C. Probenecid
D. Prednisone
Answer:
Question:
11. A 43-year-old heavy machine operator complains of seasonal allergies. Which medication is most
appropriate for the management of his allergy symptoms?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Doxylamine
C. Hydroxyzine
D. Fexofenadine
Answer:
D. Fexofenadine
, Question:
12. Which statement concerning H, antihistamines is cor- A. Second-generation H1 rect?
A. Second-generation H1 antihistamines are relatively fects.
free of adverse effects.
B. Because of the established long-term safety of
first-generation H1 antihistamines, they are the first choice for allergic rhinitis.
c. The motor coordination involved in driving an automobile is not affected by the use of
first-generation H,
antihistamines.
D. H1 antihistamines can be used in the treatment of
acute anaphylaxis.
Answer:
antihistamines are relatively free of adverse ef-
Question:
13. Which histamine receptor antagonist is known to enter the central nervous system readily and
cause sedation?
A. Hydroxyzine
B. Cetirizine
C. Desloratadine
D. Loratadine
Answer:
A. Hydroxyzine
Question:
14. Which drug is an H,-receptor antagonist that also has D. Cyproheptadine serotonin receptor
antagonism on the appetite center, with the ability to stimulate appetite?
A. Hydroxyzine
B. Loratadine
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Cyproheptadine
Answer:
Question:
15. Which drug for headache is contraindicated in patients with peripheral vascular disease?
A. Ergotamine
B. Aspirin
C. Acetaminophen
D. Naproxen
Answer:
A. Ergotamine
Latest update 2026/2027
Question:
1. A 64-year-old man presents with mild to moderate musculoskeletal back pain. He states that he has
tried acetaminophen without relief. His medical history includes diabetes, hypertension,
hyperlipidemia, gastric ulcer (resolved), and coronary artery disease. Which is the most appropriate
NSAID regimen to treat this patient's pain?
A. Celacoxib
B. Indomethacin and omeprazole
C. Naproxen and omeprazole
D. Naproxen
Answer:
C. Naproxen and omeprazole
Question:
2. Which statement is correct regarding the difference between acetaminophen and naproxen?
A. Acetaminophen has more anti-inflammatory effects compared with naproxen.
B. Acetaminophen has more Gl side effects but less
effects on bleeding compared with naproxen.
C. Acetaminophen has less risk for CV events compared with naproxen.
D. Acetaminophen has fewer antipyretic effects than
naproxen.
Answer:
C. Acetaminophen has less
risk for CV events compared with naproxen.
Question:
3. Which statement correctly describes the proposed mechanism of cardioprotection from low-dose
aspirin?
A. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-2 to lead to a
relative reduction in thromboxane ~ levels.
B. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-1 to lead to a
relative reduction in thromboxane ~ levels.
C. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-2 to lead to a
relative reduction in prostacyclin levels.
D. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-1 to lead a relative reduction in prostacyclin levels.
Answer:
B. Aspirin preferentially inhibits COX-1 to lead to
a relative reduction in thromboxane ~ levels.
,Question:
4. Which statement correctly describes the pathophysiologic actions of prostaglandins at a target
tissue?
A. Promote vasoconstriction in the kidneys.
B. Promote sodium and water retention in the kidneys.
C. Decrease secretion of mucus at the lining of the
stomach.
D. Decrease secretion of gastric acid in the stomach
Answer:
D. Decrease secretion of
gastric acid in the stomach
Question:
5. Which prostaglandin agent can be used to maintain the patency of the ductus arteriosus in neonates
with congenital heart problems while awaiting surgery?
A. Misoprostol
B. Epoprostenol
C. Bimatoprost
D. Alprostadil
Answer:
D. Alprostadil
Question:
6. A 34-year-old woman with RA is planning for pregnan- D. Methotrexate and cy. Which RA agents
are absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy?
A. Abatacept and rituximab
B. Adalimumab and certolizumab
C. lnfliximab and etanercept
D. Methotrexate and leflunomide
Answer:
leflunomide
Question:
7. Which agent for RA competes with CD28 to prevent full T-cell activation?
A. Sarilumab
B. Abatacept
C. Golimumab
D. Adalimumab
Answer:
B. Abatacept
,Question:
8. Which statement correctly represents the mechanism B. Janus kinase inhibitor of action of
tofacitinib in the treatment of RA?
A. TNF-a inhibitor
B. Janus kinase inhibitor
C. IL-6 receptor blocker
D. Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor
Answer:
Question:
9. A 54-year-old man with gout is found to have an issue C. Probencid with renal excretion of uric
acid. Which drug is an oral agent that would target the cause of his acute gout attacks?
A. Allopurinol
B. Febuxostat
C. Probenecid
D. Pegloticase
Answer:
Question:
10. A 64-year-old man presents with signs and symptoms C. Probenecid of an acute gouty flare.
Which strategy is the least likely to acutely improve his gout symptoms and pain?
A. Naproxen
B. Colchicine
C. Probenecid
D. Prednisone
Answer:
Question:
11. A 43-year-old heavy machine operator complains of seasonal allergies. Which medication is most
appropriate for the management of his allergy symptoms?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Doxylamine
C. Hydroxyzine
D. Fexofenadine
Answer:
D. Fexofenadine
, Question:
12. Which statement concerning H, antihistamines is cor- A. Second-generation H1 rect?
A. Second-generation H1 antihistamines are relatively fects.
free of adverse effects.
B. Because of the established long-term safety of
first-generation H1 antihistamines, they are the first choice for allergic rhinitis.
c. The motor coordination involved in driving an automobile is not affected by the use of
first-generation H,
antihistamines.
D. H1 antihistamines can be used in the treatment of
acute anaphylaxis.
Answer:
antihistamines are relatively free of adverse ef-
Question:
13. Which histamine receptor antagonist is known to enter the central nervous system readily and
cause sedation?
A. Hydroxyzine
B. Cetirizine
C. Desloratadine
D. Loratadine
Answer:
A. Hydroxyzine
Question:
14. Which drug is an H,-receptor antagonist that also has D. Cyproheptadine serotonin receptor
antagonism on the appetite center, with the ability to stimulate appetite?
A. Hydroxyzine
B. Loratadine
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Cyproheptadine
Answer:
Question:
15. Which drug for headache is contraindicated in patients with peripheral vascular disease?
A. Ergotamine
B. Aspirin
C. Acetaminophen
D. Naproxen
Answer:
A. Ergotamine
