ADN 240 – Oxygenation Verified Exam Questions and Answers Latest
update 2026/2027
Question:
Pneumonia
Answer:
Caused by microorganisms that enter the upper airway and get to lungs through blood or other
secretions. Inflammation occurs primarily in the alveoli
Question:
Pneumonia Expected Findings
Answer:
Fever, chills, SOB, coughing, crackles/wheezes/rhonchi, decreased breath sounds, tachypnea, chest
pain due to coughing, sputum production (usually yellow-tinged)
Question:
Pneumonia Classifications
Answer:
Community acquired, hospital acquired (nosocomial), also based on type and location in the lungs.
Can be ventilator associated and aspiration pneumonia
Question:
Pneumonia Lab Tests
Answer:
Sputum culture/senstivity, CBC (primarily focused on if WBC are elevated), ABG's (hypoxemia,
PaO2 <80), blood culture, serum electrolytes (to identify dehydration cause)
Question:
Pneumonia Diagnostic Procedures
Answer:
Chest x-ray (shows consolidation of lung tissue), pulse oximetry (<95-100)
, Question:
Care of Patients with Pneumonia
Answer:
High fowler's, breathing treatments and medications, high calorie/high protein diet, encourages fluids
(2-3L/day), rest but mobilization ASAP, encourage deep breathing and incentive spirometer, soft easy
to chew foods. Advise client to avoid crowded areas, get influenza/pneumonia vaccines, promote
smoking cessation
Question:
Pneumonia Medications
Answer:
Antibiotics (penicillins and cephalosporins). Encourage pt to take these w/food and monitor kidney
function in older adults. Bronchodilators: reduce bronchospasms/irritation. Albuterol provides rapid
relief, theophylline requires close monitoring of serum levels, cholinergic antagonists
Anti-Inflammatories: clucocorticosteroids (fluticasone, prednisone), given to reduce inflammation
Question:
Pneumonia Risk Factors
Answer:
Age, LTC, daycare, poor oral hygiene, prolonged intubation, NG feedings, hx smoking, multiple
co-morbidities, alcoholism, immunosuppressive therapy, impaired gag reflex, anesthesia
Question:
Asthma
Answer:
Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airway resulting in intermittent and reversible airflow
obstruction of the bronchioles. Occurs by either inflammation or airway hyper responsiveness.
Question:
Asthma Risk Factors
Answer:
Smoking, exposure to 2nd hand smoke, family Hx of asthma, environmental allergies, GERD,
exposure to chemical irritants or dust.
Question:
Asthma Expected Findings
Answer:
Coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnea, use of accessory muscles, poor oxygen saturation,
cyanosis, diaphoresis
update 2026/2027
Question:
Pneumonia
Answer:
Caused by microorganisms that enter the upper airway and get to lungs through blood or other
secretions. Inflammation occurs primarily in the alveoli
Question:
Pneumonia Expected Findings
Answer:
Fever, chills, SOB, coughing, crackles/wheezes/rhonchi, decreased breath sounds, tachypnea, chest
pain due to coughing, sputum production (usually yellow-tinged)
Question:
Pneumonia Classifications
Answer:
Community acquired, hospital acquired (nosocomial), also based on type and location in the lungs.
Can be ventilator associated and aspiration pneumonia
Question:
Pneumonia Lab Tests
Answer:
Sputum culture/senstivity, CBC (primarily focused on if WBC are elevated), ABG's (hypoxemia,
PaO2 <80), blood culture, serum electrolytes (to identify dehydration cause)
Question:
Pneumonia Diagnostic Procedures
Answer:
Chest x-ray (shows consolidation of lung tissue), pulse oximetry (<95-100)
, Question:
Care of Patients with Pneumonia
Answer:
High fowler's, breathing treatments and medications, high calorie/high protein diet, encourages fluids
(2-3L/day), rest but mobilization ASAP, encourage deep breathing and incentive spirometer, soft easy
to chew foods. Advise client to avoid crowded areas, get influenza/pneumonia vaccines, promote
smoking cessation
Question:
Pneumonia Medications
Answer:
Antibiotics (penicillins and cephalosporins). Encourage pt to take these w/food and monitor kidney
function in older adults. Bronchodilators: reduce bronchospasms/irritation. Albuterol provides rapid
relief, theophylline requires close monitoring of serum levels, cholinergic antagonists
Anti-Inflammatories: clucocorticosteroids (fluticasone, prednisone), given to reduce inflammation
Question:
Pneumonia Risk Factors
Answer:
Age, LTC, daycare, poor oral hygiene, prolonged intubation, NG feedings, hx smoking, multiple
co-morbidities, alcoholism, immunosuppressive therapy, impaired gag reflex, anesthesia
Question:
Asthma
Answer:
Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airway resulting in intermittent and reversible airflow
obstruction of the bronchioles. Occurs by either inflammation or airway hyper responsiveness.
Question:
Asthma Risk Factors
Answer:
Smoking, exposure to 2nd hand smoke, family Hx of asthma, environmental allergies, GERD,
exposure to chemical irritants or dust.
Question:
Asthma Expected Findings
Answer:
Coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnea, use of accessory muscles, poor oxygen saturation,
cyanosis, diaphoresis
