NSG 3100 EXAM 1 – Fundamental Concepts & Skills for Nursing
Actual Exam 2026/2027 with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified |
Pass Guaranteed – A+ Graded
Total Questions: 50 | Time: 90 min | Pass: 40
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section 1 | Foundations of Nursing Practice | Q1 – Q10
Section 2 | Health Assessment & Vital Signs | Q11 – Q20
Section 3 | Safety, Infection Control & Hygiene | Q21 – Q30
Section 4 | Mobility, Immobility & Activity | Q31 – Q40
Section 5 | Basic Care, Comfort & Clinical Skills | Q41 – Q50
Instructions: Choose the single best answer. Pass: 40 in 90 minutes.
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SECTION 1: FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING PRACTICE Q1 – Q10
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Question 1 of 50
A 68-year-old male patient newly admitted to a medical-surgical unit tells the nurse, "I don't
understand why I need all these pills. My neighbor takes the same ones and he's fine." The nurse
recognizes this statement as reflecting which concept?
A. Health literacy deficit
B. Health belief model influence
C. Therapeutic misconception
D. Autonomy in decision-making ✓ CORRECT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient is exercising his right to question his care plan and make informed decisions
about his treatment, which reflects the principle of patient autonomy. Health literacy deficit would
involve difficulty understanding instructions, not questioning the plan itself. In practice, nurses
should respect autonomy while providing clear education to support informed consent.
Question 2 of 50
A 42-year-old woman is being discharged after a 3-day stay for pneumonia. During the final
assessment, the nurse notices the patient has not been taught how to use her new inhaler. Which
action best demonstrates the nurse's role as a patient advocate?
A. Document the gap and notify the physician immediately
B. Teach the patient proper inhaler technique before discharge ✓ CORRECT
,C. Ask the respiratory therapist to provide the instruction later
D. Include the omission in the discharge summary for the next provider
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patient advocacy requires the nurse to take direct action to ensure the patient's needs are
met, and delaying or delegating essential education would not fulfill this responsibility. While
documentation and notification are important, they do not replace the nurse's duty to address an
immediate patient need. In real practice, nurses often catch and resolve gaps in care during
transitions.
Question 3 of 50
A nursing student is caring for a 74-year-old patient with advanced COPD who refuses oxygen
therapy despite a SpO2 of 86%. The student asks the preceptor, "Can't we just make him wear it?"
Which ethical principle should guide the preceptor's response?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy ✓ CORRECT
D. Justice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A competent adult has the right to refuse treatment, and autonomy must be respected
even when the patient's choice appears harmful to their health. Beneficence might tempt the nurse
to override the refusal for the patient's perceived good, but doing so would violate
self-determination. In clinical settings, nurses must document the refusal, educate the patient, and
notify the provider while still honoring the decision.
Question 4 of 50
During handoff report, the outgoing nurse states that a 55-year-old postoperative patient "seems
fine" and has stable vitals. The incoming nurse notices the patient is diaphoretic and restless. Which
professional standard is most relevant to this situation?
A. Accountability ✓ CORRECT
B. Altruism
C. Social justice
D. Human dignity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The incoming nurse is demonstrating accountability by independently verifying the
patient's condition rather than relying solely on the handoff report. Altruism involves selfless service
to others, which does not directly apply to verifying clinical findings. In practice, accountability
, means nurses take ownership of their assessments and do not passively accept information that
conflicts with their own observations.
Question 5 of 50
A 29-year-old patient with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse, "Why do I have to check my blood sugar
four times a day when my cousin only checks once?" Which response best supports patient-centered
care?
A. "Your doctor ordered it that way, so we need to follow the plan."
B. "Your insulin regimen requires closer monitoring to prevent dangerous highs and lows." ✓
CORRECT
C. "Everyone's diabetes is different, so comparisons aren't helpful."
D. "Four times is the standard for all type 1 patients."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This response directly addresses the patient's specific clinical needs and explains the
rationale in a way that supports understanding and adherence. Telling the patient not to compare or
citing standard protocols without explanation does not foster engagement in their own care.
Patient-centered care involves tailoring communication to the individual's situation and promoting
shared decision-making.
Question 6 of 50
A nurse on a busy medical unit is assigned four patients, including a new admission with chest pain,
a postoperative patient on hour 2 of recovery, a stable patient awaiting discharge, and a patient with
new-onset confusion. Which patient should the nurse assess first using clinical judgment and
prioritization?
A. The new admission with chest pain ✓ CORRECT
B. The postoperative patient on hour 2 of recovery
C. The stable patient awaiting discharge
D. The patient with new-onset confusion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chest pain in a new admission represents a potential life-threatening condition such as
acute coronary syndrome and requires immediate assessment to rule out myocardial infarction.
New-onset confusion is serious but typically allows a few minutes for evaluation, whereas chest pain
demands urgent intervention. In practice, the ABCs and potential for rapid deterioration guide
prioritization decisions.
Question 7 of 50
Actual Exam 2026/2027 with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified |
Pass Guaranteed – A+ Graded
Total Questions: 50 | Time: 90 min | Pass: 40
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section 1 | Foundations of Nursing Practice | Q1 – Q10
Section 2 | Health Assessment & Vital Signs | Q11 – Q20
Section 3 | Safety, Infection Control & Hygiene | Q21 – Q30
Section 4 | Mobility, Immobility & Activity | Q31 – Q40
Section 5 | Basic Care, Comfort & Clinical Skills | Q41 – Q50
Instructions: Choose the single best answer. Pass: 40 in 90 minutes.
══════════════════════════════════════
SECTION 1: FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING PRACTICE Q1 – Q10
══════════════════════════════════════
Question 1 of 50
A 68-year-old male patient newly admitted to a medical-surgical unit tells the nurse, "I don't
understand why I need all these pills. My neighbor takes the same ones and he's fine." The nurse
recognizes this statement as reflecting which concept?
A. Health literacy deficit
B. Health belief model influence
C. Therapeutic misconception
D. Autonomy in decision-making ✓ CORRECT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient is exercising his right to question his care plan and make informed decisions
about his treatment, which reflects the principle of patient autonomy. Health literacy deficit would
involve difficulty understanding instructions, not questioning the plan itself. In practice, nurses
should respect autonomy while providing clear education to support informed consent.
Question 2 of 50
A 42-year-old woman is being discharged after a 3-day stay for pneumonia. During the final
assessment, the nurse notices the patient has not been taught how to use her new inhaler. Which
action best demonstrates the nurse's role as a patient advocate?
A. Document the gap and notify the physician immediately
B. Teach the patient proper inhaler technique before discharge ✓ CORRECT
,C. Ask the respiratory therapist to provide the instruction later
D. Include the omission in the discharge summary for the next provider
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patient advocacy requires the nurse to take direct action to ensure the patient's needs are
met, and delaying or delegating essential education would not fulfill this responsibility. While
documentation and notification are important, they do not replace the nurse's duty to address an
immediate patient need. In real practice, nurses often catch and resolve gaps in care during
transitions.
Question 3 of 50
A nursing student is caring for a 74-year-old patient with advanced COPD who refuses oxygen
therapy despite a SpO2 of 86%. The student asks the preceptor, "Can't we just make him wear it?"
Which ethical principle should guide the preceptor's response?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy ✓ CORRECT
D. Justice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A competent adult has the right to refuse treatment, and autonomy must be respected
even when the patient's choice appears harmful to their health. Beneficence might tempt the nurse
to override the refusal for the patient's perceived good, but doing so would violate
self-determination. In clinical settings, nurses must document the refusal, educate the patient, and
notify the provider while still honoring the decision.
Question 4 of 50
During handoff report, the outgoing nurse states that a 55-year-old postoperative patient "seems
fine" and has stable vitals. The incoming nurse notices the patient is diaphoretic and restless. Which
professional standard is most relevant to this situation?
A. Accountability ✓ CORRECT
B. Altruism
C. Social justice
D. Human dignity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The incoming nurse is demonstrating accountability by independently verifying the
patient's condition rather than relying solely on the handoff report. Altruism involves selfless service
to others, which does not directly apply to verifying clinical findings. In practice, accountability
, means nurses take ownership of their assessments and do not passively accept information that
conflicts with their own observations.
Question 5 of 50
A 29-year-old patient with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse, "Why do I have to check my blood sugar
four times a day when my cousin only checks once?" Which response best supports patient-centered
care?
A. "Your doctor ordered it that way, so we need to follow the plan."
B. "Your insulin regimen requires closer monitoring to prevent dangerous highs and lows." ✓
CORRECT
C. "Everyone's diabetes is different, so comparisons aren't helpful."
D. "Four times is the standard for all type 1 patients."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This response directly addresses the patient's specific clinical needs and explains the
rationale in a way that supports understanding and adherence. Telling the patient not to compare or
citing standard protocols without explanation does not foster engagement in their own care.
Patient-centered care involves tailoring communication to the individual's situation and promoting
shared decision-making.
Question 6 of 50
A nurse on a busy medical unit is assigned four patients, including a new admission with chest pain,
a postoperative patient on hour 2 of recovery, a stable patient awaiting discharge, and a patient with
new-onset confusion. Which patient should the nurse assess first using clinical judgment and
prioritization?
A. The new admission with chest pain ✓ CORRECT
B. The postoperative patient on hour 2 of recovery
C. The stable patient awaiting discharge
D. The patient with new-onset confusion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chest pain in a new admission represents a potential life-threatening condition such as
acute coronary syndrome and requires immediate assessment to rule out myocardial infarction.
New-onset confusion is serious but typically allows a few minutes for evaluation, whereas chest pain
demands urgent intervention. In practice, the ABCs and potential for rapid deterioration guide
prioritization decisions.
Question 7 of 50
