NUl 110/l NU110l Examl 1l –l (Newl 2026/l
2027l Update)l Integratedl Humanl Sciencesl
Guidel |l Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Galen
QUESTION
Proteinl synthesis
Answer:
-l proteinsl performl structurall andl functionall rolesl inl al cell
-l DNAl directsl proteinl synthesis
-l RNAl participatesl inl proteinl synthesisl butl isl notl pastl ofl chromosomes
QUESTION
Messengerl RNAl (mRNA)
Answer:
Builtl onl al strandl ofl DNAl inl thel nucleusl andl transcribesl thel nucleotidel code;l movesl tol
cytoplasml andl attachesl tol al ribosome
QUESTION
Ribosomall RNAl (rRNA)
Answer:
withl proteinl itl makesl upl thel ribosomes,l thel sitesl ofl proteinl synthesisl inl thel cytoplasm;l
involvedl inl thel processl ofl translatingl thel geneticl messagel intol al protein
QUESTION
Transferl RNAl (tRNA)
,Answer:
worksl withl otherl formsl ofl RNAl tol translatel thel geneticl codel intol protein;l eachl
moleculel tRNAl carriesl anl aminol acidl thatl canl bel usedl tol buildl al proteinl atl thel
ribosome
QUESTION
Proteinl synthesis:l Transcription
Answer:
-l firstl step;l occursl inl thel nucleus
-l DNAl codel isl transcribedl intol mRNA
QUESTION
Proteinl synthesis:l Translation
Answer:
-l secondl step;l occursl inl cytoplasm
-l mRNAl leavesl nucleusl andl travelsl tol ribosomes
-l ribosomesl translatel mRNAl intol protein'sl aminol acidl sequence
QUESTION
Transportl mechanisms;l Passive
Answer:
-l diffusion
-l osmosis
-l filtration
QUESTION
Transportl mechanisms:l Active
Answer:
-l activel transportl pumps
-l endocytosis
,-l exocytosis
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Diffusion
Answer:
movementl ofl substancel froml anl areal ofl higherl concentrationl tol onel ofl lowerl
concentration
Equilibrium:l pointl atl whichl concentrationl isl equall andl nol furtherl netl diffusionl occurs
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Osmosis
Answer:
movementl ofl waterl (solvent)l froml areal withl morel waterl tol areal withl lessl water
QUESTION
Tonicity
Answer:
abilityl ofl al solutionl tol affectl thel volumel andl pressurel withinl al cell
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Isotonic
Answer:
-l nol volumel changel
-l hasl thel samel concentrationl ofl dissolvedl substancesl asl thel fluidl inl thel cell
effectsl onl cells:l none;l celll inl equilibriuml withinl itsl environment
, QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Hypotonic
Answer:
-l celll swells
-l hasl al lowerl concentrationl ofl dissolvedl substancesl thanl thel fluidl inl thel cell
effectsl onl cells:l cellsl takel inl water,l swells,l andl mayl burst;l redl bloodl cellsl undergoesl
hemolysis
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Hypertonic
Answer:
-l celll shrinks
-l hasl al higherl concentrationl ofl dissolvedl substancesl thanl thel fluidl inl thel cell
effectsl onl cells:l cellsl willl losel waterl andl shrink;l cellsl undergoesl crenation
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Filtration
Answer:
-l movementl ofl waterl andl dissolvedl substancesl froml anl areal ofl higherl pressurel tol anl
areal ofl lowerl pressure
-l waterl andl dissolvedl substancesl arel pushed
QUESTION
Activel transport:l Pumps
Answer:
-l movel substancel froml areal ofl lowerl concentrationl tol areal ofl higherl concentrationl
-l requirel inputl ofl energyl (ATP)
2027l Update)l Integratedl Humanl Sciencesl
Guidel |l Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Galen
QUESTION
Proteinl synthesis
Answer:
-l proteinsl performl structurall andl functionall rolesl inl al cell
-l DNAl directsl proteinl synthesis
-l RNAl participatesl inl proteinl synthesisl butl isl notl pastl ofl chromosomes
QUESTION
Messengerl RNAl (mRNA)
Answer:
Builtl onl al strandl ofl DNAl inl thel nucleusl andl transcribesl thel nucleotidel code;l movesl tol
cytoplasml andl attachesl tol al ribosome
QUESTION
Ribosomall RNAl (rRNA)
Answer:
withl proteinl itl makesl upl thel ribosomes,l thel sitesl ofl proteinl synthesisl inl thel cytoplasm;l
involvedl inl thel processl ofl translatingl thel geneticl messagel intol al protein
QUESTION
Transferl RNAl (tRNA)
,Answer:
worksl withl otherl formsl ofl RNAl tol translatel thel geneticl codel intol protein;l eachl
moleculel tRNAl carriesl anl aminol acidl thatl canl bel usedl tol buildl al proteinl atl thel
ribosome
QUESTION
Proteinl synthesis:l Transcription
Answer:
-l firstl step;l occursl inl thel nucleus
-l DNAl codel isl transcribedl intol mRNA
QUESTION
Proteinl synthesis:l Translation
Answer:
-l secondl step;l occursl inl cytoplasm
-l mRNAl leavesl nucleusl andl travelsl tol ribosomes
-l ribosomesl translatel mRNAl intol protein'sl aminol acidl sequence
QUESTION
Transportl mechanisms;l Passive
Answer:
-l diffusion
-l osmosis
-l filtration
QUESTION
Transportl mechanisms:l Active
Answer:
-l activel transportl pumps
-l endocytosis
,-l exocytosis
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Diffusion
Answer:
movementl ofl substancel froml anl areal ofl higherl concentrationl tol onel ofl lowerl
concentration
Equilibrium:l pointl atl whichl concentrationl isl equall andl nol furtherl netl diffusionl occurs
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Osmosis
Answer:
movementl ofl waterl (solvent)l froml areal withl morel waterl tol areal withl lessl water
QUESTION
Tonicity
Answer:
abilityl ofl al solutionl tol affectl thel volumel andl pressurel withinl al cell
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Isotonic
Answer:
-l nol volumel changel
-l hasl thel samel concentrationl ofl dissolvedl substancesl asl thel fluidl inl thel cell
effectsl onl cells:l none;l celll inl equilibriuml withinl itsl environment
, QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Hypotonic
Answer:
-l celll swells
-l hasl al lowerl concentrationl ofl dissolvedl substancesl thanl thel fluidl inl thel cell
effectsl onl cells:l cellsl takel inl water,l swells,l andl mayl burst;l redl bloodl cellsl undergoesl
hemolysis
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Hypertonic
Answer:
-l celll shrinks
-l hasl al higherl concentrationl ofl dissolvedl substancesl thanl thel fluidl inl thel cell
effectsl onl cells:l cellsl willl losel waterl andl shrink;l cellsl undergoesl crenation
QUESTION
Passivel transport:l Filtration
Answer:
-l movementl ofl waterl andl dissolvedl substancesl froml anl areal ofl higherl pressurel tol anl
areal ofl lowerl pressure
-l waterl andl dissolvedl substancesl arel pushed
QUESTION
Activel transport:l Pumps
Answer:
-l movel substancel froml areal ofl lowerl concentrationl tol areal ofl higherl concentrationl
-l requirel inputl ofl energyl (ATP)
