ONS ONCC Chemo Oncology Test Bank PRACTICE
Exam AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2026-2027
COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM REAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(RELIABLE SOLUTIONS) CURRENTLY UPDATED
VERSION 2026 EDITION
What is your best explanation for why Mrs. Turner was given a port to
receive her chemotherapy?
Two of the agents (docetaxel and carboplatin) that Mrs. Turner will
receive are categorized as irritants. Docetaxel can cause a significant
reaction if it extravasates. It can lead to edema, erythema, occasional
pain and blister formation (ONS Chemo/Bio guidelines, 2014). That is the
most likely reason that Mrs. Turner was given a port for her treatments.
Some patients will receive their treatments through a peripheral IV
without incident. Just because they are intravenous agents does not mean
that a port is required and needing a port has nothing to do with her
being older in age. Since none of these agents are vesicants, they likely
could have been given safely via peripheral route but having a port
placed is OK as well.
_____________can cause inflammation, pain, and burning but rarely cause
tissue necrosis comparable to a vesicant (unless a large amount or a very
high concentration of the irritant is extravasated).
Irrirtants
_____________can cause blistering and significant pain and tissue damage and
destruction, leading to tissue death.
Vesicants
,A further classification of an antineoplastic agent's potential to cause
damage is whether its mechanism of action includes DNA binding.
Non-DNA-binding solutions remain in the local area of the extravasation,
which improves the possibility of drug deactivation.
DNA-binding agents attach to DNA nucleic acids, causing the antagonist
to be ingested cellularly, leading to progressive tissue destruction
DNA Binding Irritants
Bendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
Epirubicin
Idarubicin
Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin
DNA Nonbinding vessicants
Amsacrine
Paclitaxel
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine
, Extravasciation Alkylating / Mechlorethamine tx
Sodium thiosulfate
Inject 2 ml of sodium thiosulfate for each milligram of
mechlorethamine extravasated.
Inject subcutaneously into extravasation site using a 25
gauge or smaller needle (change needle with each injection).
Monitor extravasation site according to the institution's
policies and procedures.
Extravasciation Alkylating: Oxaliplatin
Apply warm compresses. Dexamethasone
8 mg twice daily for 14 days
Exam AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2026-2027
COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM REAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(RELIABLE SOLUTIONS) CURRENTLY UPDATED
VERSION 2026 EDITION
What is your best explanation for why Mrs. Turner was given a port to
receive her chemotherapy?
Two of the agents (docetaxel and carboplatin) that Mrs. Turner will
receive are categorized as irritants. Docetaxel can cause a significant
reaction if it extravasates. It can lead to edema, erythema, occasional
pain and blister formation (ONS Chemo/Bio guidelines, 2014). That is the
most likely reason that Mrs. Turner was given a port for her treatments.
Some patients will receive their treatments through a peripheral IV
without incident. Just because they are intravenous agents does not mean
that a port is required and needing a port has nothing to do with her
being older in age. Since none of these agents are vesicants, they likely
could have been given safely via peripheral route but having a port
placed is OK as well.
_____________can cause inflammation, pain, and burning but rarely cause
tissue necrosis comparable to a vesicant (unless a large amount or a very
high concentration of the irritant is extravasated).
Irrirtants
_____________can cause blistering and significant pain and tissue damage and
destruction, leading to tissue death.
Vesicants
,A further classification of an antineoplastic agent's potential to cause
damage is whether its mechanism of action includes DNA binding.
Non-DNA-binding solutions remain in the local area of the extravasation,
which improves the possibility of drug deactivation.
DNA-binding agents attach to DNA nucleic acids, causing the antagonist
to be ingested cellularly, leading to progressive tissue destruction
DNA Binding Irritants
Bendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
Epirubicin
Idarubicin
Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin
DNA Nonbinding vessicants
Amsacrine
Paclitaxel
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine
, Extravasciation Alkylating / Mechlorethamine tx
Sodium thiosulfate
Inject 2 ml of sodium thiosulfate for each milligram of
mechlorethamine extravasated.
Inject subcutaneously into extravasation site using a 25
gauge or smaller needle (change needle with each injection).
Monitor extravasation site according to the institution's
policies and procedures.
Extravasciation Alkylating: Oxaliplatin
Apply warm compresses. Dexamethasone
8 mg twice daily for 14 days
