CISCO CCNA, CCNP & PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATION REVIEW 2026–2027 The Ultimate Comprehensive Study Guide for Cisco Networking Certifications Covering CCNA 200-301 v1.1/v2.0, CCNP Enterprise (ENCOR 350-401, ENARSI 300-410), Security, Automation & Prof

CISCO CCNA, CCNP & PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATION REVIEW
2026–2027 The Ultimate Comprehensive Study Guide for Cisco
Networking Certifications Covering CCNA 200-301 v1.1/v2.0, CCNP
Enterprise (ENCOR 350-401, ENARSI 300-410), Security,
Automation & Professional-Level Networking Aligned with the
Latest Cisco Certification Exam Blueprints (2026–2027)


SECTION 1: CCNA — NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS (40 Questions)
1. Which OSI layer is responsible for establishing, managing, and terminating
sessions between applications?
• A) Session Layer (Layer 5)
• B) Transport Layer (Layer 4)
• C) Presentation Layer (Layer 6)
• D) Application Layer (Layer 7)
• E) Network Layer (Layer 3)
2. Which of the following is a characteristic of a collision domain in an Ethernet
network?
• A) All devices share the same bandwidth and collisions can occur
• B) Only one device can transmit at a time without collisions
• C) Collisions are impossible in a switched network
• D) A collision domain is the same as a broadcast domain
• E) Collisions only occur in full-duplex mode
3. What is the primary function of a router in a network?
• A) Forward packets between different networks based on IP addresses
• B) Forward frames within the same network based on MAC addresses

, • C) Amplify and regenerate signals
• D) Connect multiple devices within the same network
• E) Assign IP addresses to devices
4. Which of the following is a valid private IP address range according to RFC 1918?
• A) 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255
• B) 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255
• C) 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255
• D) All of the above are valid private IP ranges
• E) 169.254.0.0 — 169.254.255.255
5. What is the purpose of the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)?
• A) Resolve an IPv4 address to a MAC address
• B) Resolve a MAC address to an IPv4 address
• C) Assign IP addresses dynamically
• D) Resolve domain names to IP addresses
• E) Provide error reporting for IP packets
6. Which type of IPv6 address is used for communication within a single subnet and
is not routed beyond the local network?
• A) Link-Local Address
• B) Unique Local Address
• C) Global Unicast Address
• D) Multicast Address
• E) Anycast Address
7. A network administrator needs to divide a Class C network (192.168.1.0/24) into 4
subnets. What subnet mask should be used?
• A) 255.255.255.192 (/26)

, • B) 255.255.255.128 (/25)
• C) 255.255.255.224 (/27)
• D) 255.255.255.240 (/28)
• E) 255.255.255.248 (/29)
8. Which protocol is used to dynamically assign IP addresses to devices on a
network?
• A) DHCP
• B) DNS
• C) ARP
• D) ICMP
• E) SNMP
9. The OSI model consists of how many layers?
• A) 7
• B) 5
• C) 6
• D) 4
• E) 8
10. Which Ethernet standard uses twisted-pair copper cabling and supports speeds
up to 1 Gbps?
• A) 1000BASE-T
• B) 10BASE-T
• C) 100BASE-FX
• D) 1000BASE-SX
• E) 10GBASE-SR
11. What is the default administrative distance of OSPF in Cisco IOS?

, • A) 110
• B) 120
• C) 90
• D) 1
• E) 5
12. Which command displays the ARP cache on a Cisco router?
• A) show ip arp
• B) show arp
• C) show ip cache
• D) show interface
• E) show mac-address-table
13. What is the maximum transmission unit (MTU) for Ethernet?
• A) 1500 bytes
• B) 1492 bytes
• C) 1518 bytes
• D) 9000 bytes
• E) 64 bytes
14. Which IEEE standard defines VLAN tagging?
• A) 802.1Q
• B) 802.3
• C) 802.11
• D) 802.1D
• E) 802.1w
15. A router receives a packet with a TTL value of 1. What will the router do?