ACBS 445 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
Rated A+
Physiological pH =
Acidosis =
Ankylotic = - ANS-7.4
<7.35
-i.e ketone acidosis
>7.45
-i.e hyperventilating
Endocrine Action - ANS-the hormone is distributed in blood and binds to distant
target cells
Paracrine action - ANS-the hormone acts locally by diffusing from its source to
target cells in the neighborhood
Ex: B cells (insulin) stimulate the release of a-cells (glucagon), D-cells (hemostatin)
block the release of both b-cells and a-cells
autocrine action - ANS-the hormone acts on the same cell that produced it
Ex: NE binding to the GPCR on same axon to stop the release
What are the 6 classes of nutrients? - ANS-carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins,
minerals, water
Lipids - ANS-insulators- myelin sheaths
membranes - phospholipids (PO4) w/ phospholipid backbone
Carbohydrates - ANS-Aldehydes (COR'R) or Ketones (CHOR)
Monosaccharides - ANS-glucose, fructose, galactose
Isomers of one another
Dissacharides - ANS-A sugar containing two monosaccharides.
Sucrose = glucose + fructose
Lactose = glucose + galactose
Maltase = glucose + glucose
Polysaccharides - ANS-Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two
monosaccharides
Starch = glucose + a1->4 link + a1->6 link (tree shape)
Glycogen = glucose + a1->4 + a1->6 link (bush shape = more glucose mobility)
Cellulose = glucose + b1->4 link
Rated A+
Physiological pH =
Acidosis =
Ankylotic = - ANS-7.4
<7.35
-i.e ketone acidosis
>7.45
-i.e hyperventilating
Endocrine Action - ANS-the hormone is distributed in blood and binds to distant
target cells
Paracrine action - ANS-the hormone acts locally by diffusing from its source to
target cells in the neighborhood
Ex: B cells (insulin) stimulate the release of a-cells (glucagon), D-cells (hemostatin)
block the release of both b-cells and a-cells
autocrine action - ANS-the hormone acts on the same cell that produced it
Ex: NE binding to the GPCR on same axon to stop the release
What are the 6 classes of nutrients? - ANS-carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins,
minerals, water
Lipids - ANS-insulators- myelin sheaths
membranes - phospholipids (PO4) w/ phospholipid backbone
Carbohydrates - ANS-Aldehydes (COR'R) or Ketones (CHOR)
Monosaccharides - ANS-glucose, fructose, galactose
Isomers of one another
Dissacharides - ANS-A sugar containing two monosaccharides.
Sucrose = glucose + fructose
Lactose = glucose + galactose
Maltase = glucose + glucose
Polysaccharides - ANS-Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two
monosaccharides
Starch = glucose + a1->4 link + a1->6 link (tree shape)
Glycogen = glucose + a1->4 + a1->6 link (bush shape = more glucose mobility)
Cellulose = glucose + b1->4 link
