Barkley 3P Exam Questions and
Answers 2026 Update Revised
Questions & Correct Detailed Answers
Verified
Aortic regurgitation - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A soft, high pitched, blowing
D
diastolic decrescendo murmur best heard at the 3rd left interspace at
O
base, initiated with S2 and heard when the patient sits up and leans
forward.
N
Mitral stenosis - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A low pitched diastolic rumble that
O
does not radiate, best heard at the apex when in the left lateral
T
position.
C
Aortic stenosis - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A loud, harsh murmur occurring
midsystole, radiating down the side of the neck and down to the
O
apex.
PY
Mitral regurgitation - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A loud blowing murmur heard
at
the apex that is pansystolic.
Osteoporosis - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..The most common metabolic bone
disease characterized by chronic, progressive, systemic low bone mass
and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased skeletal fragility
and deformity.
,Bone deformity - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..The most common clinical
manifestation of
osteoporosis.
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A class of medications
used to treat erectile
dysfunction.
D
Tadalafil (Cialis) - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..May be used at a dose of 2.5 mg
daily if sexual activity will take place two or more times per week.
O
Vardenafil (Levitra) - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..5 mg may be taken with a high-fat
N
meal four hours before sexual
O
activity.
T
Sildenafil (Viagra) - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..50 mg may be taken one hour
C
before sexual activity as long as the patient has a resting blood pressure
below 170/110 mm Hg.
O
Avanafil (Stendra) - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Recommended at 50 mg for all
PY
patients, and may be taken 30 minutes before sexual activity.
Virchow's Triad - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A method of describing the three
main factors that lead to thrombosis: hypercoagulability, damage to
endothelial cells, and turbulent blood flow.
Hypercoagulability - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition that leads to clotting,
including malignancy, trauma, sepsis, and
thrombophilia.
,Endothelial cell damage - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Part of Virchow's triad that
causes blood to clot by promoting platelet adherence to the wall of the
vessels.
Turbulent blood flow - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A component of circulatory
stasis in Virchow's triad, which can be caused by atrial fibrillation,
venous obstruction, and ventricular
dysfunction.
D
Kidney stones - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition that may present with
hypercalcemia and mental confusion.
O
Cushing Syndrome - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition that may be
N
evaluated in patients with kidney stones, hypercalcemia, and mental
O
confusion.
T
Pathologic fracture - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A fracture that occurs due to
weakened bone structure, commonly associated with osteoporosis.
C
O
Fat embolism - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition that is not common in
osteoporosis, resulting from fat obstruction due to injury or
PY
trauma.
Bone pain - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A potential symptom of osteoporosis, but
not the most common clinical manifestation.
Sympathetic tone - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Not part of Virchow's triad and
does not affect blood clotting.
Vascular wall injury - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..The second aspect of Virchow's
, triad, which promotes blood
clotting.
Circulatory stasis - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..The third component of Virchow's
triad, which can lead to thrombosis.
Mental confusion - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A symptom that may accompany
hypercalcemia in patients with kidney stones.
D
Hypercalcemia - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..An elevated level of calcium in the
blood, often associated with kidney stones.
O
Conn's Syndrome - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition characterized by
N
excessive production of aldosterone, leading to hypertension and
O
electrolyte imbalances.
T
Hyperparathyroidism - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition where the
parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone, resulting
C
in elevated calcium levels in the blood.
O
Addison's disease - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A disorder in which the adrenal
PY
glands do not produce sufficient steroid hormones.
Oral contraceptives - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Medications taken by mouth to
prevent pregnancy, which may have various side effects and risks.
Pregnancy category X drugs - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Drugs that are
contraindicated in pregnancy due to evidence of fetal
harm.
Answers 2026 Update Revised
Questions & Correct Detailed Answers
Verified
Aortic regurgitation - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A soft, high pitched, blowing
D
diastolic decrescendo murmur best heard at the 3rd left interspace at
O
base, initiated with S2 and heard when the patient sits up and leans
forward.
N
Mitral stenosis - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A low pitched diastolic rumble that
O
does not radiate, best heard at the apex when in the left lateral
T
position.
C
Aortic stenosis - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A loud, harsh murmur occurring
midsystole, radiating down the side of the neck and down to the
O
apex.
PY
Mitral regurgitation - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A loud blowing murmur heard
at
the apex that is pansystolic.
Osteoporosis - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..The most common metabolic bone
disease characterized by chronic, progressive, systemic low bone mass
and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased skeletal fragility
and deformity.
,Bone deformity - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..The most common clinical
manifestation of
osteoporosis.
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A class of medications
used to treat erectile
dysfunction.
D
Tadalafil (Cialis) - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..May be used at a dose of 2.5 mg
daily if sexual activity will take place two or more times per week.
O
Vardenafil (Levitra) - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..5 mg may be taken with a high-fat
N
meal four hours before sexual
O
activity.
T
Sildenafil (Viagra) - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..50 mg may be taken one hour
C
before sexual activity as long as the patient has a resting blood pressure
below 170/110 mm Hg.
O
Avanafil (Stendra) - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Recommended at 50 mg for all
PY
patients, and may be taken 30 minutes before sexual activity.
Virchow's Triad - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A method of describing the three
main factors that lead to thrombosis: hypercoagulability, damage to
endothelial cells, and turbulent blood flow.
Hypercoagulability - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition that leads to clotting,
including malignancy, trauma, sepsis, and
thrombophilia.
,Endothelial cell damage - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Part of Virchow's triad that
causes blood to clot by promoting platelet adherence to the wall of the
vessels.
Turbulent blood flow - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A component of circulatory
stasis in Virchow's triad, which can be caused by atrial fibrillation,
venous obstruction, and ventricular
dysfunction.
D
Kidney stones - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition that may present with
hypercalcemia and mental confusion.
O
Cushing Syndrome - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition that may be
N
evaluated in patients with kidney stones, hypercalcemia, and mental
O
confusion.
T
Pathologic fracture - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A fracture that occurs due to
weakened bone structure, commonly associated with osteoporosis.
C
O
Fat embolism - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition that is not common in
osteoporosis, resulting from fat obstruction due to injury or
PY
trauma.
Bone pain - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A potential symptom of osteoporosis, but
not the most common clinical manifestation.
Sympathetic tone - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Not part of Virchow's triad and
does not affect blood clotting.
Vascular wall injury - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..The second aspect of Virchow's
, triad, which promotes blood
clotting.
Circulatory stasis - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..The third component of Virchow's
triad, which can lead to thrombosis.
Mental confusion - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A symptom that may accompany
hypercalcemia in patients with kidney stones.
D
Hypercalcemia - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..An elevated level of calcium in the
blood, often associated with kidney stones.
O
Conn's Syndrome - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition characterized by
N
excessive production of aldosterone, leading to hypertension and
O
electrolyte imbalances.
T
Hyperparathyroidism - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A condition where the
parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone, resulting
C
in elevated calcium levels in the blood.
O
Addison's disease - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..A disorder in which the adrenal
PY
glands do not produce sufficient steroid hormones.
Oral contraceptives - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Medications taken by mouth to
prevent pregnancy, which may have various side effects and risks.
Pregnancy category X drugs - ✔✔✔ANSW✔✔..Drugs that are
contraindicated in pregnancy due to evidence of fetal
harm.
