NU623 Test 1 Questions with Correct Answers
Needle insertion location for tension pneumothorax
2nd intercostal space
chest tube insertion location
4th intercostal space
how low should an endotrachial tube be on a xray to confirm placement
T4 or lower
inferior tip of the scapula lies at which rib or interspace
7th
where should a thoracentesis be done
T7-8 interspace
when neck is flexed what is the most prominent vertebrae
C7
causes of pleural effusions
transudates such in atelectasis, heart failure, and nephrotic syndrome; exudates such as
pneumonia, TB, PE, pancreatitis, and malignancy
muscles in the rib cage that help to expand the rib cage and run from the cervical
vertebrae to the first two ribs
scalenes
, muscles in the rib cage that help to expand the rib cage and cross obliquely from the
sternum to the ribs
parasternals
Process: temporary myocardial ischemia usually secondary to coronary atherosclerosis
Location: Retrosternal or across the anterior chest, sometimes radiating to the
shoulders, arms, neck, lower jaw, or upper abdomen
Quality: Pressing, squeezing, tight, heavy, occasionally burning
Severity: Mild to moderate, sometimes perceived as discomfort rather than pain
Timing: usually 1-3 minutes but up to 10 minutes. Prolonged episodes up to 20 minutes
Factors that Aggravate: Exertion, especially in the cold; meals; emotional stress. May
occur at rest.
Factors that Relieve: Rest, Nitro
Associated Symptoms: Sometimes dyspnea, nausea, sweating
Angina Pectoris
Process: prolonged myocardial ischemia, resulting in irreversible muscle damage or
necrosis
Location: Retrosternal or across the anterior chest, sometimes radiating to the
shoulders, arms, neck, lower jaw, or upper abdomen
Quality: Pressing, squeezing, tight, heavy, occasionally burning
Severity: Mild to moderate, sometimes perceived as discomfort rather than pain
Severity: Often but not always a severe pain
Timing: 20 minutes to several hours
Associated Symptoms: Dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, sweating, weakness
Myocardial Infarction
Needle insertion location for tension pneumothorax
2nd intercostal space
chest tube insertion location
4th intercostal space
how low should an endotrachial tube be on a xray to confirm placement
T4 or lower
inferior tip of the scapula lies at which rib or interspace
7th
where should a thoracentesis be done
T7-8 interspace
when neck is flexed what is the most prominent vertebrae
C7
causes of pleural effusions
transudates such in atelectasis, heart failure, and nephrotic syndrome; exudates such as
pneumonia, TB, PE, pancreatitis, and malignancy
muscles in the rib cage that help to expand the rib cage and run from the cervical
vertebrae to the first two ribs
scalenes
, muscles in the rib cage that help to expand the rib cage and cross obliquely from the
sternum to the ribs
parasternals
Process: temporary myocardial ischemia usually secondary to coronary atherosclerosis
Location: Retrosternal or across the anterior chest, sometimes radiating to the
shoulders, arms, neck, lower jaw, or upper abdomen
Quality: Pressing, squeezing, tight, heavy, occasionally burning
Severity: Mild to moderate, sometimes perceived as discomfort rather than pain
Timing: usually 1-3 minutes but up to 10 minutes. Prolonged episodes up to 20 minutes
Factors that Aggravate: Exertion, especially in the cold; meals; emotional stress. May
occur at rest.
Factors that Relieve: Rest, Nitro
Associated Symptoms: Sometimes dyspnea, nausea, sweating
Angina Pectoris
Process: prolonged myocardial ischemia, resulting in irreversible muscle damage or
necrosis
Location: Retrosternal or across the anterior chest, sometimes radiating to the
shoulders, arms, neck, lower jaw, or upper abdomen
Quality: Pressing, squeezing, tight, heavy, occasionally burning
Severity: Mild to moderate, sometimes perceived as discomfort rather than pain
Severity: Often but not always a severe pain
Timing: 20 minutes to several hours
Associated Symptoms: Dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, sweating, weakness
Myocardial Infarction
