IS 410 Midterm Exam Questions with Correct
Answers
Single layer
communication between client and server on operating systems that allow the computer to
run applications
Multi layer
-small independent components
-easier to implement
-easier to understand (separated into small pieces of operating, if something needs to change,
you only have to change one layer)
OSI (operating system interconnect)
moving from client layer 7, down the layers, and back up the layers to the servers layer 7-
taking message out of envelope and putting it into a new one each layer
Types of layers
Application layers (application, presentation, and session)
Internetwork layers (transport, and network)
Hardware/Physical layers (data link and physical)
Data units at each layer
Application-data
Transport-segments
,Network-packets
Data Link-frames
Physical-bits
Application Layer
-software----> HTML
-users access to the network
-session control
-encryptions (HTTP and HTTPS)
-protocols: HTTP, IMAP, POP3 , SMTP, FTP
-Ex: web browser=www.kelley.indiana.edu
Transport Layer
-TCP/UDP
-entering/departing network (link from app layer to network layer)
-establishes/maintains connections to transfer data from sender to receiver
-segment to message conversion
-make sure packets are received/flow control
-error checking
-how to move message
Network layer
-IP
-routing=selecting the next computer to where the message should be sent
-segment to packet conversion=take segments from transport layer and put them into packets
with IP protocol
-find address of the next computer
, Data Link layer
-Frames/ethernet
-transmitting data (media access=deciding when to transmit data)
-packets to frame conversion=format messages and packets by indicating where they start and
end
-error checking
-physical addressing with MAC addresses (ARP requests)
Physical layer
-cables/bits
-transmission of data bits over a circuit
-physical connection between sender and receiver
-specifies the connection and signals, waves, or pulses that pass through it
NSlookup
-Name Server Lookup
-Give me the IP address to google.com
-Where did we get that answer? (non-authoritative answer came from local cache, not google)
-Querying DNS Server/system to obtain domain name or IP from previous record
Why is DN and DNS used?
easier to understand and remeber
PING
-to see if system is responding
-used to determine whether or not a network data packet is capable of being distributed to an
address without errors
Answers
Single layer
communication between client and server on operating systems that allow the computer to
run applications
Multi layer
-small independent components
-easier to implement
-easier to understand (separated into small pieces of operating, if something needs to change,
you only have to change one layer)
OSI (operating system interconnect)
moving from client layer 7, down the layers, and back up the layers to the servers layer 7-
taking message out of envelope and putting it into a new one each layer
Types of layers
Application layers (application, presentation, and session)
Internetwork layers (transport, and network)
Hardware/Physical layers (data link and physical)
Data units at each layer
Application-data
Transport-segments
,Network-packets
Data Link-frames
Physical-bits
Application Layer
-software----> HTML
-users access to the network
-session control
-encryptions (HTTP and HTTPS)
-protocols: HTTP, IMAP, POP3 , SMTP, FTP
-Ex: web browser=www.kelley.indiana.edu
Transport Layer
-TCP/UDP
-entering/departing network (link from app layer to network layer)
-establishes/maintains connections to transfer data from sender to receiver
-segment to message conversion
-make sure packets are received/flow control
-error checking
-how to move message
Network layer
-IP
-routing=selecting the next computer to where the message should be sent
-segment to packet conversion=take segments from transport layer and put them into packets
with IP protocol
-find address of the next computer
, Data Link layer
-Frames/ethernet
-transmitting data (media access=deciding when to transmit data)
-packets to frame conversion=format messages and packets by indicating where they start and
end
-error checking
-physical addressing with MAC addresses (ARP requests)
Physical layer
-cables/bits
-transmission of data bits over a circuit
-physical connection between sender and receiver
-specifies the connection and signals, waves, or pulses that pass through it
NSlookup
-Name Server Lookup
-Give me the IP address to google.com
-Where did we get that answer? (non-authoritative answer came from local cache, not google)
-Querying DNS Server/system to obtain domain name or IP from previous record
Why is DN and DNS used?
easier to understand and remeber
PING
-to see if system is responding
-used to determine whether or not a network data packet is capable of being distributed to an
address without errors
