PHI 101 Exam Questions with Correct Answers
Absurd
life has no cosmic purpose of transcendent meaning
Equivocation
a fallacy in which a word is not used consistently throughout the argument
Valid argument
premises are true and conclusion is true
Invalid argument
Premises are true, conclusion false
Sound Argument
valid and has all true premises
Absurdity
conflict between pretension and reality
Subjective
unreflectively live life from most subjective= particular desire at a particulare time
Objective
takes all desires and interests of all humans into account
Radical contingency
astronomically unlikely for you to exist
3 Possible Resolutions to Radical Contingency
, 1) Make our subjective POV fit how things look from objective POV
2) Think of our lives have the objective importance we place on them from subjective POV
3) The conflict doesn't matter (objective POV has normative authority)\
Epistemological Claim
From objective POV, it is hard to see how our lives could exhibit meaning/value
Metaphysical Claim
Our lives do not exhibit objective meaning/value
Subjectivist
the meaning of one's life is completely determed by one's own subjective attitudes
3 Features of Cares/Concers
1) Cognitive - If I care about something, I'm cognitively sensitive to it
2) Affective - if I care, then I'll be emotionally sensitive
3) Volitional - if I care, then I am motivated to promote it and oppose its diminshment
Reflective Equilibrium
Considers paradigm examples and tries to come up with an account that best explains our
pre-theoretical judgments
Wolf's Principle
1) Subjective component: engagement
2) Objective component: projects of worth
Possible objections to Wolf's Principle
Absurd
life has no cosmic purpose of transcendent meaning
Equivocation
a fallacy in which a word is not used consistently throughout the argument
Valid argument
premises are true and conclusion is true
Invalid argument
Premises are true, conclusion false
Sound Argument
valid and has all true premises
Absurdity
conflict between pretension and reality
Subjective
unreflectively live life from most subjective= particular desire at a particulare time
Objective
takes all desires and interests of all humans into account
Radical contingency
astronomically unlikely for you to exist
3 Possible Resolutions to Radical Contingency
, 1) Make our subjective POV fit how things look from objective POV
2) Think of our lives have the objective importance we place on them from subjective POV
3) The conflict doesn't matter (objective POV has normative authority)\
Epistemological Claim
From objective POV, it is hard to see how our lives could exhibit meaning/value
Metaphysical Claim
Our lives do not exhibit objective meaning/value
Subjectivist
the meaning of one's life is completely determed by one's own subjective attitudes
3 Features of Cares/Concers
1) Cognitive - If I care about something, I'm cognitively sensitive to it
2) Affective - if I care, then I'll be emotionally sensitive
3) Volitional - if I care, then I am motivated to promote it and oppose its diminshment
Reflective Equilibrium
Considers paradigm examples and tries to come up with an account that best explains our
pre-theoretical judgments
Wolf's Principle
1) Subjective component: engagement
2) Objective component: projects of worth
Possible objections to Wolf's Principle
