NSG 316 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEW AND
UPDATED 2026 |WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS!!!
Where is the Pulmonic valve heard during auscultation?
2nd left intercostal space (ICS), left sternal border (LSB)
Where is Erb's Point heard during auscultation?
3rd intercostal space (ICS), left sternal border (LSB) (best for S2)
Where is the Tricuspid valve heard during auscultation?
4th-5th intercostal space (ICS), left sternal border (LSB)
Where is the Mitral valve heard during auscultation?
5th intercostal space (ICS), Mid-clavicular line (MCL) (apex)
What is the significance of S3 heart sounds?
S3 is an early diastolic sound (ventricular gallop), can be normal in young adults or
indicate volume overload in older adults
What is the significance of S4 heart sounds?
S4 is a late diastolic sound (atrial gallop), indicating a stiff ventricle.
What are some common causes for heart murmurs?
Aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, etc.
What is the grading scale for murmurs?
I-VI (I = faint; VI = heard without stethoscope touching chest)
What are some common cardiovascular risks in the older adult?
, ↑ SBP (arteriosclerosis), ↑ murmurs
Peripheral pulses may be harder to locate (esp. dorsalis pedis/posterior tibial)
What is the leading cause of death globally?
Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
risk of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is higher in which demographic?
Black Americans
What is the recommended patient position for assessing neck vessels?
The patient can sit or lie at a 30-45° angle.
How should a patient be positioned for heart sounds and precordium assessment?
Supine, left lateral, or sitting upright leaning forward.
What tools are essential for cardiovascular and peripheral vascular assessment?
Stethoscope (diaphragm & bell), ruler, alcohol wipes.
Why is it important to palpate one carotid at a time?
To ensure there is adequate blood flow to the brain
What is the normal amplitude for carotid artery palpation?
2+ is considered normal.
What are the three places to assess for carotid artery during auscultation?
Angle of jaw, mid-cervical, base of neck
What does a bruit indicate during carotid auscultation?
A bruit indicates turbulent blood flow, possibly due to carotid stenosis.
What does elevated jugular venous distension (JVD) suggest?
Elevated JVD suggests right-sided heart failure.
What is the normal location for the apical impulse (PMI)?
5th intercostal space (ICS), midclavicular line (MCL).
UPDATED 2026 |WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS!!!
Where is the Pulmonic valve heard during auscultation?
2nd left intercostal space (ICS), left sternal border (LSB)
Where is Erb's Point heard during auscultation?
3rd intercostal space (ICS), left sternal border (LSB) (best for S2)
Where is the Tricuspid valve heard during auscultation?
4th-5th intercostal space (ICS), left sternal border (LSB)
Where is the Mitral valve heard during auscultation?
5th intercostal space (ICS), Mid-clavicular line (MCL) (apex)
What is the significance of S3 heart sounds?
S3 is an early diastolic sound (ventricular gallop), can be normal in young adults or
indicate volume overload in older adults
What is the significance of S4 heart sounds?
S4 is a late diastolic sound (atrial gallop), indicating a stiff ventricle.
What are some common causes for heart murmurs?
Aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, etc.
What is the grading scale for murmurs?
I-VI (I = faint; VI = heard without stethoscope touching chest)
What are some common cardiovascular risks in the older adult?
, ↑ SBP (arteriosclerosis), ↑ murmurs
Peripheral pulses may be harder to locate (esp. dorsalis pedis/posterior tibial)
What is the leading cause of death globally?
Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
risk of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is higher in which demographic?
Black Americans
What is the recommended patient position for assessing neck vessels?
The patient can sit or lie at a 30-45° angle.
How should a patient be positioned for heart sounds and precordium assessment?
Supine, left lateral, or sitting upright leaning forward.
What tools are essential for cardiovascular and peripheral vascular assessment?
Stethoscope (diaphragm & bell), ruler, alcohol wipes.
Why is it important to palpate one carotid at a time?
To ensure there is adequate blood flow to the brain
What is the normal amplitude for carotid artery palpation?
2+ is considered normal.
What are the three places to assess for carotid artery during auscultation?
Angle of jaw, mid-cervical, base of neck
What does a bruit indicate during carotid auscultation?
A bruit indicates turbulent blood flow, possibly due to carotid stenosis.
What does elevated jugular venous distension (JVD) suggest?
Elevated JVD suggests right-sided heart failure.
What is the normal location for the apical impulse (PMI)?
5th intercostal space (ICS), midclavicular line (MCL).
