NUR 265 Exam 2 Study Questions
What is the normal arterial blood gas (ABG) range for the partial
pressure of oxygen (PO2)?
o 80-100 mmHg
o What if it's higher than 100? What if it's lower than 807
m Higher = too much oxygenation ... lower = hypoxia
What is the normal arterial blood gas (ABG) range for the partial
pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO,)?
o0 35-45 mmHg
o What if it's lower than 35? What is it's higher than 45?7
m Decreased = Respiratory alkalosis ... increased =
Respiratory Acidosis
What is the normal range for the compensatory arterial blood gas
(ABG) bicarbonate (HCOs)?
o 21-28 mEq/L
o What is it’s higher than 28? What if it's lower than 21?7
m Higher = respiratory acidosis (compensation for metabolic
alkalosis) ... Lower = respiratory alkalosis (compensating
for metabolic acidosis)
What is the normal range for glucose?
o 60-100 mg/dL
What is the range of pre-diabetes for an impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
test?
o 100-125 mg/dL
What is the range of pre-diabetes for a 2 hour oral glucose tolerance
(IGT) test?
o 140-199 mg/dL
What is the normal range for a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA;c) test?
m 4-6%
What is the reference range for the electrolyte phosphorus?
0 3 - 4.5 mg/deciliter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte magnesium?
o 1.3 -2.1 milli-Equivalents/Liter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte chloride?
o 98 -106 milli-Equivalents/Liter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte calcium?
o 9 -10.5 mg/deciliter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte potassium?
, o 3.5 -5 milli-Equivalents/Liter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte sodium?
0 136 - 145 milli-Equivalents/Liter
What is the reference range for hemoglobin?
0 14-18 gram/deciliter
What is the reference range for hematocrit?
o 42-52%
What is the reference range for blood osmolarity?
0 285-295 mOsm/kg
What are the normal levels for serum creatinine?
o 0.6-1.2
What are the normal levels for BUN?
o 10-20
What are major risk factors for VTE? [Name 5]
o (1) prolonged immobility (2) central venous catheter (3) surgery
(4) obesity (5) older age (6) blood prone to clotting (7) prior
history
If a patient has a VTE, what are the priority nursing interventions?
[Name all in order]
o (1) oxygen therapy (2) anticoagulant or fibrinolytic therapy (3)
monitoring patient’s response
If a patient is suspected of a VTE, when should you sit them in high-
Fowler’s position?
o Immediately after putting them on oxygen
If a patient with a VTE is receiving fibrinolytics, what antidotes should
be ready in case of overdose? [Name all]
o (1) clotting factors (2) fresh frozen plasma (3) aminocaproic acid
(Amicar)
What are 4 priority problems for a patient with a PE? [Name all in
order]
o (1) hypoxemia (2)hypotension (3) potential for bleeding related
to anticoagulant/fibrinolytic therapy (4) anxiety
What are the classic symptoms for a PE? [Name alll
o (1) sudden onset of dyspnea (2) sharp, stabbing chest pain (3)
restlessness (4) feeling of impending doom (5) cough (6)
hemoptysis
o What other symptoms may they experience? [Name 3]
m (1) tachypnea (2) crackles (3) pleural friction rub (4)
tachycardia (5) sweating (6) low-grade fever (7) decreased
What is the normal arterial blood gas (ABG) range for the partial
pressure of oxygen (PO2)?
o 80-100 mmHg
o What if it's higher than 100? What if it's lower than 807
m Higher = too much oxygenation ... lower = hypoxia
What is the normal arterial blood gas (ABG) range for the partial
pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO,)?
o0 35-45 mmHg
o What if it's lower than 35? What is it's higher than 45?7
m Decreased = Respiratory alkalosis ... increased =
Respiratory Acidosis
What is the normal range for the compensatory arterial blood gas
(ABG) bicarbonate (HCOs)?
o 21-28 mEq/L
o What is it’s higher than 28? What if it's lower than 21?7
m Higher = respiratory acidosis (compensation for metabolic
alkalosis) ... Lower = respiratory alkalosis (compensating
for metabolic acidosis)
What is the normal range for glucose?
o 60-100 mg/dL
What is the range of pre-diabetes for an impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
test?
o 100-125 mg/dL
What is the range of pre-diabetes for a 2 hour oral glucose tolerance
(IGT) test?
o 140-199 mg/dL
What is the normal range for a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA;c) test?
m 4-6%
What is the reference range for the electrolyte phosphorus?
0 3 - 4.5 mg/deciliter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte magnesium?
o 1.3 -2.1 milli-Equivalents/Liter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte chloride?
o 98 -106 milli-Equivalents/Liter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte calcium?
o 9 -10.5 mg/deciliter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte potassium?
, o 3.5 -5 milli-Equivalents/Liter
What is the reference range for the electrolyte sodium?
0 136 - 145 milli-Equivalents/Liter
What is the reference range for hemoglobin?
0 14-18 gram/deciliter
What is the reference range for hematocrit?
o 42-52%
What is the reference range for blood osmolarity?
0 285-295 mOsm/kg
What are the normal levels for serum creatinine?
o 0.6-1.2
What are the normal levels for BUN?
o 10-20
What are major risk factors for VTE? [Name 5]
o (1) prolonged immobility (2) central venous catheter (3) surgery
(4) obesity (5) older age (6) blood prone to clotting (7) prior
history
If a patient has a VTE, what are the priority nursing interventions?
[Name all in order]
o (1) oxygen therapy (2) anticoagulant or fibrinolytic therapy (3)
monitoring patient’s response
If a patient is suspected of a VTE, when should you sit them in high-
Fowler’s position?
o Immediately after putting them on oxygen
If a patient with a VTE is receiving fibrinolytics, what antidotes should
be ready in case of overdose? [Name all]
o (1) clotting factors (2) fresh frozen plasma (3) aminocaproic acid
(Amicar)
What are 4 priority problems for a patient with a PE? [Name all in
order]
o (1) hypoxemia (2)hypotension (3) potential for bleeding related
to anticoagulant/fibrinolytic therapy (4) anxiety
What are the classic symptoms for a PE? [Name alll
o (1) sudden onset of dyspnea (2) sharp, stabbing chest pain (3)
restlessness (4) feeling of impending doom (5) cough (6)
hemoptysis
o What other symptoms may they experience? [Name 3]
m (1) tachypnea (2) crackles (3) pleural friction rub (4)
tachycardia (5) sweating (6) low-grade fever (7) decreased
