HCD 303 midterm study guide Exam #1 Questions with
correct answers
System - ✔✔a set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole.
a set of principles or procedures according to which something is done; an
organized scheme or method.
A health system (described by WHO) is the sum total of all the organizations,
institutions, and resources whose primary purpose is to improve health. The
effectiveness and overall functioning of a healthcare system is measured by
monitoring access, quality, and cost.
Quality - ✔✔-patient safety
-patient outcomes
-patient satisfaction
*to improve overall health, need to focus upon incentives that influence personal
behaviors
*huge variability
Access - ✔✔(n) approach or admittance to places, persons, things; an increase; (v)
to get at, obtain
-US has less access to insurance
-US has less access to primary care
-US has much more access to latest expensive tech.
-huge variance in technology use across US
Cost - ✔✔health expenditures
,-US spends significantly more per capita
-significant variability in the cost of care across the US
-high spending does not translate into better outcomes
Universal coverage - ✔✔Universal health coverage is defined as ensuring that all
people have access to needed health services (including prevention, promotion,
treatment, rehabilitation and palliation) of sufficient quality to be effective while
also ensuring that the use of these services does not expose the user the financial
hardship.
Social Solidarity - ✔✔the belief that government is obliged to provide a wide
range of social benefits to all citizens including medical care, old age pensions,
unemployment insurance, disability payments, maternity benefits, and other
forms of social welfare
this does not mean the government will PROVIDE healthcare
Subsidiarity - ✔✔Subsidiarity is an organizing principle that matters ought to be
handled by the smallest, lowest or least centralized competent authority. Political
decisions should be taken at a local level if possible, rather than by a central
authority
General reciprocity - ✔✔giving with no expectation of return
Centralized - ✔✔Authority and regulation is held at the central level of
government
, Decentralized - ✔✔Authority and regulation is held at the local/ state level
Public Health Services/Insurance - ✔✔Federal and state government health
programs (e.g., Medicare, Medicaid, SCHIP, TRICARE) available to eligible
individuals.
Private Health Services/Insurance - ✔✔private companies provide and own
Copayment - ✔✔a fixed fee paid by the patient at the time of an office visit
Coinsurance - ✔✔the sharing of expenses by the policyholder and the insurance
company
Deductible - ✔✔Amount you must pay before you begin receiving any benefits
from your insurance company
Sickness funds - ✔✔German insurance programs offered by nonprofit groups to
serve a given occupation, geographic location, or employer. Otherwise known as
social insurance; a form of health insurance; sum of money used to cover medical
costs
Safety net - ✔✔government programs that protect people experiencing
unfavorable economic conditions.
children under 18 are exempt from cost sharing; annual cap=2% household
income, 1% if chronically ill; unemployed do not lose health insurance,
government steps in.
correct answers
System - ✔✔a set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole.
a set of principles or procedures according to which something is done; an
organized scheme or method.
A health system (described by WHO) is the sum total of all the organizations,
institutions, and resources whose primary purpose is to improve health. The
effectiveness and overall functioning of a healthcare system is measured by
monitoring access, quality, and cost.
Quality - ✔✔-patient safety
-patient outcomes
-patient satisfaction
*to improve overall health, need to focus upon incentives that influence personal
behaviors
*huge variability
Access - ✔✔(n) approach or admittance to places, persons, things; an increase; (v)
to get at, obtain
-US has less access to insurance
-US has less access to primary care
-US has much more access to latest expensive tech.
-huge variance in technology use across US
Cost - ✔✔health expenditures
,-US spends significantly more per capita
-significant variability in the cost of care across the US
-high spending does not translate into better outcomes
Universal coverage - ✔✔Universal health coverage is defined as ensuring that all
people have access to needed health services (including prevention, promotion,
treatment, rehabilitation and palliation) of sufficient quality to be effective while
also ensuring that the use of these services does not expose the user the financial
hardship.
Social Solidarity - ✔✔the belief that government is obliged to provide a wide
range of social benefits to all citizens including medical care, old age pensions,
unemployment insurance, disability payments, maternity benefits, and other
forms of social welfare
this does not mean the government will PROVIDE healthcare
Subsidiarity - ✔✔Subsidiarity is an organizing principle that matters ought to be
handled by the smallest, lowest or least centralized competent authority. Political
decisions should be taken at a local level if possible, rather than by a central
authority
General reciprocity - ✔✔giving with no expectation of return
Centralized - ✔✔Authority and regulation is held at the central level of
government
, Decentralized - ✔✔Authority and regulation is held at the local/ state level
Public Health Services/Insurance - ✔✔Federal and state government health
programs (e.g., Medicare, Medicaid, SCHIP, TRICARE) available to eligible
individuals.
Private Health Services/Insurance - ✔✔private companies provide and own
Copayment - ✔✔a fixed fee paid by the patient at the time of an office visit
Coinsurance - ✔✔the sharing of expenses by the policyholder and the insurance
company
Deductible - ✔✔Amount you must pay before you begin receiving any benefits
from your insurance company
Sickness funds - ✔✔German insurance programs offered by nonprofit groups to
serve a given occupation, geographic location, or employer. Otherwise known as
social insurance; a form of health insurance; sum of money used to cover medical
costs
Safety net - ✔✔government programs that protect people experiencing
unfavorable economic conditions.
children under 18 are exempt from cost sharing; annual cap=2% household
income, 1% if chronically ill; unemployed do not lose health insurance,
government steps in.
