EXAM 1: INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL
AND COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY 2026
COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
DETAILED RATIONALES EXAM 1 STUDY
GUIDE
Etic - CORRECT ANSWER -Etic perspective emphasizes similarities between
all people
- Assumes universality, downplays culture-based differences
- More dominant in early psychology when most people involved in the
discipline were European males of middle- or higher class Clinical
Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER -The field of Clinical Psychology integrates
science, theory, and practice to understand, predict, and alleviate
maladjustment, disability, and discomfort as well as to promote human
adaptation, adjustment, and personal development. Clinical Psychology
focuses on the intellectual, emotional, biological, psychological, social, and
behavioral aspects of human functioning across the life span, in varying
cultures, and at all socioeconomic levels.
Clinical Psychologist - CORRECT ANSWER --PhD or PsyD
-4 years+1 predoc+1-2 postdoc
- About 3,000 awarded each year
- Many specialty tracks, e.g. clinical child, clinical health, forensic, family,
clinical neuropsychology
, -Assessments, diagnosis, psychotherapy, teaching, supervision, research
Counseling Psychologist - CORRECT ANSWER -- Typically PhD
- Tend to work with less seriously disturbed populations in locations such
as university counseling centers
- After eclectic orientation, prefer humanistic/client-centered approaches
to behaviorism
Psychiatrist - CORRECT ANSWER -- Medical Dr.
- Prescribe medication, do not conduct therapy
- See disorders primarily as physiological abnormalities of the brain
-Emphasize biology & physiology as root of disorders.
LMFT (Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist) - CORRECT ANSWER --
Master's degree
- Focus on relationships, work mainly with couples and families
- Can work in private practice, clinics, agencies
- Less emphasis on research/assessment
-Board of behavioral science license.
LCSW (Licensed Clinical Social Worker) - CORRECT ANSWER -- Master's
degree
- Focused on social factors (e.g. racism, poverty), help connect clients with
resources
- Often work within systems of care
AND COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY 2026
COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
DETAILED RATIONALES EXAM 1 STUDY
GUIDE
Etic - CORRECT ANSWER -Etic perspective emphasizes similarities between
all people
- Assumes universality, downplays culture-based differences
- More dominant in early psychology when most people involved in the
discipline were European males of middle- or higher class Clinical
Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER -The field of Clinical Psychology integrates
science, theory, and practice to understand, predict, and alleviate
maladjustment, disability, and discomfort as well as to promote human
adaptation, adjustment, and personal development. Clinical Psychology
focuses on the intellectual, emotional, biological, psychological, social, and
behavioral aspects of human functioning across the life span, in varying
cultures, and at all socioeconomic levels.
Clinical Psychologist - CORRECT ANSWER --PhD or PsyD
-4 years+1 predoc+1-2 postdoc
- About 3,000 awarded each year
- Many specialty tracks, e.g. clinical child, clinical health, forensic, family,
clinical neuropsychology
, -Assessments, diagnosis, psychotherapy, teaching, supervision, research
Counseling Psychologist - CORRECT ANSWER -- Typically PhD
- Tend to work with less seriously disturbed populations in locations such
as university counseling centers
- After eclectic orientation, prefer humanistic/client-centered approaches
to behaviorism
Psychiatrist - CORRECT ANSWER -- Medical Dr.
- Prescribe medication, do not conduct therapy
- See disorders primarily as physiological abnormalities of the brain
-Emphasize biology & physiology as root of disorders.
LMFT (Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist) - CORRECT ANSWER --
Master's degree
- Focus on relationships, work mainly with couples and families
- Can work in private practice, clinics, agencies
- Less emphasis on research/assessment
-Board of behavioral science license.
LCSW (Licensed Clinical Social Worker) - CORRECT ANSWER -- Master's
degree
- Focused on social factors (e.g. racism, poverty), help connect clients with
resources
- Often work within systems of care
