TEST BANK - Foundations of Mental
Health Care, 8th Edition by Michelle
Morrison-Valfre
GUARANTEED A+ PASS| ALL CHAPTERS
COVERED 1-33
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, Chapter 01: The History of Mental Health Care
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the irrational soul could be
compared with the belief of the more recent psychological theorist:
a. Freud.
b. Pinel.
c. Fisher.
d. Rush.
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and outside the
personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as human beings in need of
medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a Florence Nightingale nurse who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr.
Benjamin Rush was the author of the book Diseases of the Mind.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension OBJ: 2
TOP: Early Years of Mental Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs:
Psychosocial Integrity
2. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more accurately recorded by
professionals. This practice led to for different abnormal behaviors.
a. classifications
b. diagnosing
c. treatment
d. education
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of more accurate recording
of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and any education regarding mental health disorders
were not available during this period.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 3 TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
3. During the latter part of the 18th century, psychiatry became a separate branch of medicine, and inhumane
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treatment was greatly diminished by the French hospital director:
a. Dix.
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,b. Beers.
c. Pinel.
d. Carter.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment. Dorothea Dix crusaded for
construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote the book A Mind That Found Itself. President
Jimmy Carter established the President‘s Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the 18th Century KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs:
Psychosocial Integrity
4. In 1841, surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the United States, Canada, and Scotland
and is credited with bringing about public awareness and reform for the care of the mentally ill.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. John Cade
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Dorothea Dix
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals and is credited with major
changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud introduced the concept of psychoanalysis, John Cade
discovered lithium carbonate for the treatment of bipolar disorder, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in
England in the 1800s.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the 19th Century KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs:
Psychosocial Integrity
5. As a direct result of Clifford Beers‘ work and book, A Mind That Found Itself, the Committee for Mental
Hygiene was formed in 1909 with a focus on prevention of mental illness and:
a. early detection of symptoms of mental illness.
b. education of caregivers.
c. current treatment options.
d. removing the stigma attached to mental illness.
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CORRECT ANSWER: D
ch
Do
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c
, Clifford Beers‘ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care he received for the
next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers‘ work and book raised the consciousness of people throughout the
country regarding prevention and removal of the stigma of having a mental illness.
Early detection of symptoms, education of caregivers, and current treatment options regarding mental illness
were not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the Committee for Mental Hygiene.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the 20th Century KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs:
Psychosocial Integrity
6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall into a coma that could
last as long as 50 hours?
a. Electroconvulsive therapy
b. Insulin therapy
c. Humoral therapy
d. Amphetamine therapy
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s. Amphetamines were used
to treat depression, and electroconvulsive therapy was used for severe depression. Humoral therapy, which
originated in ancient Greece and Rome, was a belief that mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the
humors of air, fire, water, and earth.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) most often used to treat?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Severe depression
d. Violent behavior
CORRECT ANSWER: C
ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s. During this period,
schizophrenia was treated with insulin therapy, and violent behavior was treated with a lobotomy. In 1949,
lithium carbonate was discovered as a treatment for bipolar disorder.
Ar
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
ch
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Do
4|Page
c
Health Care, 8th Edition by Michelle
Morrison-Valfre
GUARANTEED A+ PASS| ALL CHAPTERS
COVERED 1-33
Ar
ch
Do
1|Page
c
, Chapter 01: The History of Mental Health Care
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the irrational soul could be
compared with the belief of the more recent psychological theorist:
a. Freud.
b. Pinel.
c. Fisher.
d. Rush.
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and outside the
personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as human beings in need of
medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a Florence Nightingale nurse who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr.
Benjamin Rush was the author of the book Diseases of the Mind.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension OBJ: 2
TOP: Early Years of Mental Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs:
Psychosocial Integrity
2. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more accurately recorded by
professionals. This practice led to for different abnormal behaviors.
a. classifications
b. diagnosing
c. treatment
d. education
CORRECT ANSWER: A
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of more accurate recording
of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and any education regarding mental health disorders
were not available during this period.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 3 TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
3. During the latter part of the 18th century, psychiatry became a separate branch of medicine, and inhumane
Ar
treatment was greatly diminished by the French hospital director:
a. Dix.
ch
Do
2|Page
c
,b. Beers.
c. Pinel.
d. Carter.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment. Dorothea Dix crusaded for
construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote the book A Mind That Found Itself. President
Jimmy Carter established the President‘s Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the 18th Century KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs:
Psychosocial Integrity
4. In 1841, surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the United States, Canada, and Scotland
and is credited with bringing about public awareness and reform for the care of the mentally ill.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. John Cade
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Dorothea Dix
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals and is credited with major
changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud introduced the concept of psychoanalysis, John Cade
discovered lithium carbonate for the treatment of bipolar disorder, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in
England in the 1800s.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the 19th Century KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs:
Psychosocial Integrity
5. As a direct result of Clifford Beers‘ work and book, A Mind That Found Itself, the Committee for Mental
Hygiene was formed in 1909 with a focus on prevention of mental illness and:
a. early detection of symptoms of mental illness.
b. education of caregivers.
c. current treatment options.
d. removing the stigma attached to mental illness.
Ar
CORRECT ANSWER: D
ch
Do
3|Page
c
, Clifford Beers‘ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care he received for the
next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers‘ work and book raised the consciousness of people throughout the
country regarding prevention and removal of the stigma of having a mental illness.
Early detection of symptoms, education of caregivers, and current treatment options regarding mental illness
were not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the Committee for Mental Hygiene.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the 20th Century KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs:
Psychosocial Integrity
6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall into a coma that could
last as long as 50 hours?
a. Electroconvulsive therapy
b. Insulin therapy
c. Humoral therapy
d. Amphetamine therapy
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s. Amphetamines were used
to treat depression, and electroconvulsive therapy was used for severe depression. Humoral therapy, which
originated in ancient Greece and Rome, was a belief that mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the
humors of air, fire, water, and earth.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) most often used to treat?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Severe depression
d. Violent behavior
CORRECT ANSWER: C
ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s. During this period,
schizophrenia was treated with insulin therapy, and violent behavior was treated with a lobotomy. In 1949,
lithium carbonate was discovered as a treatment for bipolar disorder.
Ar
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge OBJ: 5 TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
ch
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Do
4|Page
c
