HESI Pharmacology Exam
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1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) Rationale: The normal serum
and notes that the client’s serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is
Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and
as prescribed to the client? calcium chloride are medications used for the treatment of
1. Calcium chloride tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
2. Calcium gluconate hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the
4. Large doses of vitamin D plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
lowering the serum calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old 4. Orange juice Rationale: Vitamin C increases the
child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
mother to administer the iron with which best food item? instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or
1. Milk a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption
2. Water of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice
3. Apple juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
4. Orange juice
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis 1. Tinnitus Rationale: Salicylic acid is absorbed readily
of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can
which of the following would indicate the presence of result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea,
systemic toxicity from this medication? and psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea
1. Tinnitus are not associated with salicylism.
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun Rationale:
the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30
the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective minutes before exposure to the sun so that they can
when applied: penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after
1. Immediately before swimming swimming or sweating.
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the 3. Informing the client that this is normal Rationale:
client with a burn injury. When applying the medication, the Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and
client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of gram-positive organisms and is used to treat burns to
the following is the most appropriate nursing action? reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client
1. Notifying the registered nurse should be informed that the medication will cause local
2. Discontinuing the medication discomfort and burning and that this is a normal reaction;
3. Informing the client that this is normal therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical 1.Hyperventilation Rationale: Mafenide acetate is a carbonic
mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of
nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this
following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred? treatment should be monitored for signs of an acid-base
1.Hyperventilation imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication
2.Elevated blood pressure should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4
3.Local pain at the burn site describe local rather than systemic effects. An elevated
4.Local rash at the burn site blood pressure may be expected from the pain that occurs
with a burn injury.
Alt+Q
,7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. 2. Triglyceride level Rationale: Isotretinoin can elevate
Before the administration of this medication, the nurse triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be
anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed? measured before treatment and periodically thereafter until
1. Platelet count the effect on the triglycerides has been evaluated. Options
2. Triglyceride level 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored specifically during
3. Complete blood count this treatment.
4. White blood cell count
8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the 1. Vitamin A Rationale: Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin
health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The A and can produce generalized intensification of
nurse reviews the client’s medication record and would isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased
contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication? toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be discontinued
1. Vitamin A before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client 2. Axilla Rationale: Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed
with eczema. The nurse would monitor for the potential for into the systemic circulation. Absorption is higher from
increased systemic absorption of the medication if the regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla,
medication were being applied to which of the following face, eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower from
body areas? regions in which permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment 1. Acne Rationale: Azelaic acid is a topical medication used
on a client. The nurse notes that the client is taking azelaic to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid appears to work by
acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and
nurse would suspect that the client is being treated for: decreasing the proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3,
1. Acne and 4 are incorrect.
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
11.) The health care provider has prescribed silver 3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client with a partial- Rationale: Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial
thickness burn, which has cultured positive for gram- that has a broad spectrum of activity against gram-negative
negative bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing information to bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is applied
the client about the medication. Which statement made by directly to the wound to assist in healing. It does not stain
the client indicates a lack of understanding about the the skin.
treatments?
1. "The medication is an antibacterial."
2. "The medication will help heal the burn."
3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
4. "The medication should be applied directly to the
wound."
12.) A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an 1. Notify the registered nurse. Rationale: When
intravenous (IV) infusion of an antineoplastic medication. antineoplastic medications (Chemotheraputic Agents) are
During the infusion, the client complains of pain at the administered via IV, great care must be taken to prevent the
insertion site. During an inspection of the site, the nurse medication from escaping into the tissues surrounding the
notes redness and swelling and that the rate of infusion of injection site, because pain, tissue damage, and necrosis
the medication has slowed. The nurse should take which can result. The nurse monitors for signs of extravasation,
appropriate action? such as redness or swelling at the insertion site and a
1. Notify the registered nurse. decreased infusion rate. If extravasation occurs, the
2. Administer pain medication to reduce the discomfort. registered nurse needs to be notified; he or she will then
3. Apply ice and maintain the infusion rate, as prescribed. contact the health care provider.
4. Elevate the extremity of the IV site, and slow the infusion.
Alt+Q
, 13.) The client with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is 4. Pulmonary function studies Rationale: Bleomycin is an
receiving bleomycin intravenously. The nurse caring for the antineoplastic medication (Chemotheraputic Agents) that
client anticipates that which diagnostic study will be can cause interstitial pneumonitis, which can progress to
prescribed? pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary function studies along with
1. Echocardiography hematological, hepatic, and renal function tests need to be
2. Electrocardiography monitored. The nurse needs to monitor lung sounds for
3. Cervical radiography dyspnea and crackles, which indicate pulmonary toxicity.
4. Pulmonary function studies The medication needs to be discontinued immediately if
pulmonary toxicity occurs. Options 1, 2, and 3 are unrelated
to the specific use of this medication.
14.) The client with acute myelocytic leukemia is being 2. Uric acid level Rationale: Busulfan (Myleran) can cause an
treated with busulfan (Myleran). Which laboratory value increase in the uric acid level. Hyperuricemia can produce
would the nurse specifically monitor during treatment with uric acid nephropathy, renal stones, and acute renal failure.
this medication? Options 1, 3, and 4 are not specifically related to this
1. Clotting time medication.
2. Uric acid level
3. Potassium level
4. Blood glucose level
15.) The client with small cell lung cancer is being treated 4. Orthostatic hypotension Rationale: A side effect specific
with etoposide (VePesid). The nurse who is assisting in to etoposide is orthostatic hypotension. The client’s blood
caring for the client during its administration understands pressure is monitored during the infusion. Hair loss occurs
that which side effect is specifically associated with this with nearly all the antineoplastic medications. Chest pain
medication? and pulmonary fibrosis are unrelated to this medication.
1. Alopecia
2. Chest pain
3. Pulmonary fibrosis
4. Orthostatic hypotension
16.) The clinic nurse is reviewing a teaching plan for the 3. Consult with health care providers (HCPs) before
client receiving an antineoplastic medication. When receiving immunizations Rationale: Because antineoplastic
implementing the plan, the nurse tells the client: medications lower the resistance of the body, clients must
1. To take aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) as needed for be informed not to receive immunizations without a HCP’s
headache approval. Clients also need to avoid contact with individuals
2. Drink beverages containing alcohol in moderate amounts who have recently received a live virus vaccine. Clients
each evening need to avoid aspirin and aspirin-containing products to
3. Consult with health care providers (HCPs) before minimize the risk of bleeding, and they need to avoid
receiving immunizations alcohol to minimize the risk of toxicity and side effects.
4. That it is not necessary to consult HCPs before receiving
a flu vaccine at the local health fair
17.) The client with ovarian cancer is being treated with 4. Numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes Rationale:
vincristine (Oncovin). The nurse monitors the client, A side effect specific to vincristine is peripheral neuropathy,
knowing that which of the following indicates a side effect which occurs in almost every client. Peripheral neuropathy
specific to this medication? can be manifested as numbness and tingling in the fingers
1. Diarrhea and toes. Depression of the Achilles tendon reflex may be
2. Hair loss the first clinical sign indicating peripheral neuropathy.
3. Chest pain Constipation rather than diarrhea is most likely to occur
4. Numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes with this medication, although diarrhea may occur
occasionally. Hair loss occurs with nearly all the
antineoplastic medications. Chest pain is unrelated to this
medication.
Alt+Q
Practice
Home » Flashcards » HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice
Flashcards
Get Now
Total word count: 28175
Pages: 102
Calculate the Price
Deadline
Date Time
Paper type Pages
Essay - 1 - 275 words
Check Price
Looking for Expert Opinion?
Let us have a look at your work and
suggest how to improve it!
Alt+Q
, Get a Consultant
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) Rationale: The normal serum
and notes that the client’s serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is
Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and
as prescribed to the client? calcium chloride are medications used for the treatment of
1. Calcium chloride tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
2. Calcium gluconate hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the
4. Large doses of vitamin D plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
lowering the serum calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old 4. Orange juice Rationale: Vitamin C increases the
child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
mother to administer the iron with which best food item? instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or
1. Milk a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption
2. Water of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice
3. Apple juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
4. Orange juice
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis 1. Tinnitus Rationale: Salicylic acid is absorbed readily
of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can
which of the following would indicate the presence of result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea,
systemic toxicity from this medication? and psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea
1. Tinnitus are not associated with salicylism.
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun Rationale:
the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30
the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective minutes before exposure to the sun so that they can
when applied: penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after
1. Immediately before swimming swimming or sweating.
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the 3. Informing the client that this is normal Rationale:
client with a burn injury. When applying the medication, the Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and
client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of gram-positive organisms and is used to treat burns to
the following is the most appropriate nursing action? reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client
1. Notifying the registered nurse should be informed that the medication will cause local
2. Discontinuing the medication discomfort and burning and that this is a normal reaction;
3. Informing the client that this is normal therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical 1.Hyperventilation Rationale: Mafenide acetate is a carbonic
mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of
nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this
following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred? treatment should be monitored for signs of an acid-base
1.Hyperventilation imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication
2.Elevated blood pressure should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4
3.Local pain at the burn site describe local rather than systemic effects. An elevated
4.Local rash at the burn site blood pressure may be expected from the pain that occurs
with a burn injury.
Alt+Q
,7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. 2. Triglyceride level Rationale: Isotretinoin can elevate
Before the administration of this medication, the nurse triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be
anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed? measured before treatment and periodically thereafter until
1. Platelet count the effect on the triglycerides has been evaluated. Options
2. Triglyceride level 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored specifically during
3. Complete blood count this treatment.
4. White blood cell count
8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the 1. Vitamin A Rationale: Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin
health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The A and can produce generalized intensification of
nurse reviews the client’s medication record and would isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased
contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication? toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be discontinued
1. Vitamin A before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client 2. Axilla Rationale: Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed
with eczema. The nurse would monitor for the potential for into the systemic circulation. Absorption is higher from
increased systemic absorption of the medication if the regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla,
medication were being applied to which of the following face, eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower from
body areas? regions in which permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment 1. Acne Rationale: Azelaic acid is a topical medication used
on a client. The nurse notes that the client is taking azelaic to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid appears to work by
acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and
nurse would suspect that the client is being treated for: decreasing the proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3,
1. Acne and 4 are incorrect.
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
11.) The health care provider has prescribed silver 3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client with a partial- Rationale: Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial
thickness burn, which has cultured positive for gram- that has a broad spectrum of activity against gram-negative
negative bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing information to bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is applied
the client about the medication. Which statement made by directly to the wound to assist in healing. It does not stain
the client indicates a lack of understanding about the the skin.
treatments?
1. "The medication is an antibacterial."
2. "The medication will help heal the burn."
3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
4. "The medication should be applied directly to the
wound."
12.) A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an 1. Notify the registered nurse. Rationale: When
intravenous (IV) infusion of an antineoplastic medication. antineoplastic medications (Chemotheraputic Agents) are
During the infusion, the client complains of pain at the administered via IV, great care must be taken to prevent the
insertion site. During an inspection of the site, the nurse medication from escaping into the tissues surrounding the
notes redness and swelling and that the rate of infusion of injection site, because pain, tissue damage, and necrosis
the medication has slowed. The nurse should take which can result. The nurse monitors for signs of extravasation,
appropriate action? such as redness or swelling at the insertion site and a
1. Notify the registered nurse. decreased infusion rate. If extravasation occurs, the
2. Administer pain medication to reduce the discomfort. registered nurse needs to be notified; he or she will then
3. Apply ice and maintain the infusion rate, as prescribed. contact the health care provider.
4. Elevate the extremity of the IV site, and slow the infusion.
Alt+Q
, 13.) The client with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is 4. Pulmonary function studies Rationale: Bleomycin is an
receiving bleomycin intravenously. The nurse caring for the antineoplastic medication (Chemotheraputic Agents) that
client anticipates that which diagnostic study will be can cause interstitial pneumonitis, which can progress to
prescribed? pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary function studies along with
1. Echocardiography hematological, hepatic, and renal function tests need to be
2. Electrocardiography monitored. The nurse needs to monitor lung sounds for
3. Cervical radiography dyspnea and crackles, which indicate pulmonary toxicity.
4. Pulmonary function studies The medication needs to be discontinued immediately if
pulmonary toxicity occurs. Options 1, 2, and 3 are unrelated
to the specific use of this medication.
14.) The client with acute myelocytic leukemia is being 2. Uric acid level Rationale: Busulfan (Myleran) can cause an
treated with busulfan (Myleran). Which laboratory value increase in the uric acid level. Hyperuricemia can produce
would the nurse specifically monitor during treatment with uric acid nephropathy, renal stones, and acute renal failure.
this medication? Options 1, 3, and 4 are not specifically related to this
1. Clotting time medication.
2. Uric acid level
3. Potassium level
4. Blood glucose level
15.) The client with small cell lung cancer is being treated 4. Orthostatic hypotension Rationale: A side effect specific
with etoposide (VePesid). The nurse who is assisting in to etoposide is orthostatic hypotension. The client’s blood
caring for the client during its administration understands pressure is monitored during the infusion. Hair loss occurs
that which side effect is specifically associated with this with nearly all the antineoplastic medications. Chest pain
medication? and pulmonary fibrosis are unrelated to this medication.
1. Alopecia
2. Chest pain
3. Pulmonary fibrosis
4. Orthostatic hypotension
16.) The clinic nurse is reviewing a teaching plan for the 3. Consult with health care providers (HCPs) before
client receiving an antineoplastic medication. When receiving immunizations Rationale: Because antineoplastic
implementing the plan, the nurse tells the client: medications lower the resistance of the body, clients must
1. To take aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) as needed for be informed not to receive immunizations without a HCP’s
headache approval. Clients also need to avoid contact with individuals
2. Drink beverages containing alcohol in moderate amounts who have recently received a live virus vaccine. Clients
each evening need to avoid aspirin and aspirin-containing products to
3. Consult with health care providers (HCPs) before minimize the risk of bleeding, and they need to avoid
receiving immunizations alcohol to minimize the risk of toxicity and side effects.
4. That it is not necessary to consult HCPs before receiving
a flu vaccine at the local health fair
17.) The client with ovarian cancer is being treated with 4. Numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes Rationale:
vincristine (Oncovin). The nurse monitors the client, A side effect specific to vincristine is peripheral neuropathy,
knowing that which of the following indicates a side effect which occurs in almost every client. Peripheral neuropathy
specific to this medication? can be manifested as numbness and tingling in the fingers
1. Diarrhea and toes. Depression of the Achilles tendon reflex may be
2. Hair loss the first clinical sign indicating peripheral neuropathy.
3. Chest pain Constipation rather than diarrhea is most likely to occur
4. Numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes with this medication, although diarrhea may occur
occasionally. Hair loss occurs with nearly all the
antineoplastic medications. Chest pain is unrelated to this
medication.
Alt+Q
