CHAMBERL AIN COLLEGE OF NURSING
School of Nursing · NR 568
Advanced Pharmacology for the Adult-Gerontology
Primary Care Nurse Practitioner
NR 568 — Advanced Pharmacology
Academic Year: 2026/2027
Midterm Exam · Comprehensive Question
Bank
Question 1
Which of the following is the preferred antibiotic for otitis media?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Cephalexin
C. Azithromycin
D. Ciprofloxacin
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Amoxicillin
RATIONALE:
Amoxicillin is the preferred first-line antibiotic for acute otitis media due to its excellent
coverage of the most common pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus
influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis), favorable safety profile, and cost-effectiveness.
, Question 2
Which of the following antibiotics is used to treat C. diff, MRSA, and patients allergic
to penicillin?
A. Vancomycin
B. Cephalexin
C. Azithromycin
D. Doxycycline
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Vancomycin
RATIONALE:
Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic used to treat serious infections caused by gram-
positive organisms including MRSA, C. difficile, and penicillin-resistant organisms. It is often
reserved for patients with severe infections or penicillin allergy.
Question 3
Treatment for bacterial otitis externa involves:
A. Cleaning and topical antimicrobials
B. Oral antibiotics only
C. Systemic corticosteroids
D. Surgical intervention
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Cleaning and topical antimicrobials
RATIONALE:
Bacterial otitis externa (swimmer's ear) is treated with meticulous cleaning of the ear canal
and topical antimicrobial drops such as fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides combined
with corticosteroids. Oral antibiotics are reserved for severe or complicated cases.
, Question 4
Treatment for mild acne involves:
A. Topical antibiotics and retinoids
B. Oral antibiotics like doxycycline
C. Isotretinoin
D. Oral corticosteroids
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Topical antibiotics and retinoids
RATIONALE:
Mild acne is treated with topical therapies including retinoids (tretinoin, adapalene) and
topical antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin). These agents work by reducing comedone
formation and bacterial colonization.
Question 5
Treatment for moderate acne involves:
A. Oral antibiotics like doxycycline and comedolytics
B. Topical antibiotics only
C. Isotretinoin
D. Topical corticosteroids
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Oral antibiotics like doxycycline and comedolytics
RATIONALE:
Moderate acne treatment combines systemic antibiotics (doxycycline, minocycline) with
topical retinoids and comedolytics. This approach targets both the inflammatory and non-
inflammatory components of acne.
, Question 6
Treatment for severe acne includes:
A. Isotretinoin
B. Topical antibiotics
C. Oral antibiotics
D. Topical retinoids
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Isotretinoin
RATIONALE:
Isotretinoin (Accutane) is the most effective treatment for severe, nodulocystic acne that is
resistant to other therapies. It works by reducing sebum production, normalizing
keratinization, and decreasing inflammation.
Question 7
Eczema treatment involves which of the following medications?
A. Tacrolimus and Pimecrolimus
B. Topical antibiotics only
C. Oral corticosteroids only
D. Isotretinoin
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Tacrolimus and Pimecrolimus
RATIONALE:
Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are calcineurin inhibitors used as second-line treatments for
eczema, particularly for sensitive areas like the face and intertriginous zones. They work by
suppressing T-cell activation and inflammation.
School of Nursing · NR 568
Advanced Pharmacology for the Adult-Gerontology
Primary Care Nurse Practitioner
NR 568 — Advanced Pharmacology
Academic Year: 2026/2027
Midterm Exam · Comprehensive Question
Bank
Question 1
Which of the following is the preferred antibiotic for otitis media?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Cephalexin
C. Azithromycin
D. Ciprofloxacin
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Amoxicillin
RATIONALE:
Amoxicillin is the preferred first-line antibiotic for acute otitis media due to its excellent
coverage of the most common pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus
influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis), favorable safety profile, and cost-effectiveness.
, Question 2
Which of the following antibiotics is used to treat C. diff, MRSA, and patients allergic
to penicillin?
A. Vancomycin
B. Cephalexin
C. Azithromycin
D. Doxycycline
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Vancomycin
RATIONALE:
Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic used to treat serious infections caused by gram-
positive organisms including MRSA, C. difficile, and penicillin-resistant organisms. It is often
reserved for patients with severe infections or penicillin allergy.
Question 3
Treatment for bacterial otitis externa involves:
A. Cleaning and topical antimicrobials
B. Oral antibiotics only
C. Systemic corticosteroids
D. Surgical intervention
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Cleaning and topical antimicrobials
RATIONALE:
Bacterial otitis externa (swimmer's ear) is treated with meticulous cleaning of the ear canal
and topical antimicrobial drops such as fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides combined
with corticosteroids. Oral antibiotics are reserved for severe or complicated cases.
, Question 4
Treatment for mild acne involves:
A. Topical antibiotics and retinoids
B. Oral antibiotics like doxycycline
C. Isotretinoin
D. Oral corticosteroids
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Topical antibiotics and retinoids
RATIONALE:
Mild acne is treated with topical therapies including retinoids (tretinoin, adapalene) and
topical antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin). These agents work by reducing comedone
formation and bacterial colonization.
Question 5
Treatment for moderate acne involves:
A. Oral antibiotics like doxycycline and comedolytics
B. Topical antibiotics only
C. Isotretinoin
D. Topical corticosteroids
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Oral antibiotics like doxycycline and comedolytics
RATIONALE:
Moderate acne treatment combines systemic antibiotics (doxycycline, minocycline) with
topical retinoids and comedolytics. This approach targets both the inflammatory and non-
inflammatory components of acne.
, Question 6
Treatment for severe acne includes:
A. Isotretinoin
B. Topical antibiotics
C. Oral antibiotics
D. Topical retinoids
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Isotretinoin
RATIONALE:
Isotretinoin (Accutane) is the most effective treatment for severe, nodulocystic acne that is
resistant to other therapies. It works by reducing sebum production, normalizing
keratinization, and decreasing inflammation.
Question 7
Eczema treatment involves which of the following medications?
A. Tacrolimus and Pimecrolimus
B. Topical antibiotics only
C. Oral corticosteroids only
D. Isotretinoin
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Tacrolimus and Pimecrolimus
RATIONALE:
Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are calcineurin inhibitors used as second-line treatments for
eczema, particularly for sensitive areas like the face and intertriginous zones. They work by
suppressing T-cell activation and inflammation.
