Fundamentals of nursing (fluids and
electrolytes) Exam Questions and
Answers Verified Solutions Latest
Update (2026/2027)
Question:
Potassium (K)
Answer:
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Question:
Hypokalemia causes
Answer:
Question:
Diuretics, GI fluid loss through vomiting, gastric suction or
diarrhea, steroid administration, hyperaldosteronism, anorexia or bulimia
Signs and symptoms of hypokalemia
Answer:
Fatigue, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, muscle
weakness, decreased GI motility, dysrhythmias, paresthesia, flat T wave on
EKG, increased sensitivity to
digitalis
,Question:
Treatment for hypokalemia
Answer:
Monitor I&O, monitor Potassium levels, administer
potassium supplements, encourage intake of foods rich in K, if patient is
taking digoxin, monitor pulse
and observe for toxicity
Question:
Nursing Interventions for Hypokalemia
Answer:
Monitor HR & rhythm
Administer oral potassium
Administer IV potassium
Question:
Teach client about potassium rich foods
Teach clients how to prevent excessive loss of potassium
Hyperkalemia causes
Answer:
Question:
Renal failure, potassium sparing diuretics, hypoaldosteronism,
high potassium intake coupled with renal insufficiency, acidosis, major
, trauma
Signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia
Answer:
Question:
Muscle weakness, dysrhythmias, flaccid paralysis,
intestinal colic, Tall T waves on EKG,
Treatment of hyperkalemia
Answer:
Question:
Monitor I&O, monitor K+ levels, caution about K+ rich food
intake in patients with elevated creatinine levels
Nursing Interventions for Hyperkalemia
Answer:
Identify high risk patients
Provide cardiac monitoring
Monitor I&O
Furosemide
Dialysis
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Sodium bicarbonate
Question:
Chloride (Cl)
Answer:
electrolytes) Exam Questions and
Answers Verified Solutions Latest
Update (2026/2027)
Question:
Potassium (K)
Answer:
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Question:
Hypokalemia causes
Answer:
Question:
Diuretics, GI fluid loss through vomiting, gastric suction or
diarrhea, steroid administration, hyperaldosteronism, anorexia or bulimia
Signs and symptoms of hypokalemia
Answer:
Fatigue, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, muscle
weakness, decreased GI motility, dysrhythmias, paresthesia, flat T wave on
EKG, increased sensitivity to
digitalis
,Question:
Treatment for hypokalemia
Answer:
Monitor I&O, monitor Potassium levels, administer
potassium supplements, encourage intake of foods rich in K, if patient is
taking digoxin, monitor pulse
and observe for toxicity
Question:
Nursing Interventions for Hypokalemia
Answer:
Monitor HR & rhythm
Administer oral potassium
Administer IV potassium
Question:
Teach client about potassium rich foods
Teach clients how to prevent excessive loss of potassium
Hyperkalemia causes
Answer:
Question:
Renal failure, potassium sparing diuretics, hypoaldosteronism,
high potassium intake coupled with renal insufficiency, acidosis, major
, trauma
Signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia
Answer:
Question:
Muscle weakness, dysrhythmias, flaccid paralysis,
intestinal colic, Tall T waves on EKG,
Treatment of hyperkalemia
Answer:
Question:
Monitor I&O, monitor K+ levels, caution about K+ rich food
intake in patients with elevated creatinine levels
Nursing Interventions for Hyperkalemia
Answer:
Identify high risk patients
Provide cardiac monitoring
Monitor I&O
Furosemide
Dialysis
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Sodium bicarbonate
Question:
Chloride (Cl)
Answer:
