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1. A nurse is reviewing current research before updating a patient care protocol. Which action
best demonstrates evidence-based nursing practice?
A. Following the oldest policy because it is familiar
B. Combining the best available research, clinical expertise, and patient preferences
C. Asking coworkers what they usually do
D. Using only the physician's preferred intervention
Answer: B. Combining the best available research, clinical expertise, and patient
preferences
Rationale: Evidence-based practice (EBP) integrates the best available scientific evidence, the
nurse's clinical expertise, and the patient's values and preferences to achieve optimal patient
outcomes. This comprehensive approach supports safe, effective, and individualized care.
2. Which question format is commonly used to guide evidence-based nursing research?
A. SOAP
B. SBAR
C. PICO(T)
D. DAR
Answer: C. PICO(T)
Rationale: The PICO(T) format (Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and
Time when applicable) helps nurses develop focused clinical questions that guide literature
searches and evidence appraisal.
3. Which source provides the strongest level of evidence for clinical practice?
A. Expert opinion
B. Individual case report
,C. Systematic review and meta-analysis
D. Personal experience
Answer: C. Systematic review and meta-analysis
Rationale: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses combine findings from multiple high-quality
studies, providing the highest level of evidence for guiding clinical practice and decision-
making.
4. A nurse identifies inconsistent wound care practices on a medical-surgical unit. What should
be the nurse's first step in applying evidence-based practice?
A. Change the policy immediately
B. Formulate a clinical question
C. Report staff to administration
D. Purchase new wound care supplies
Answer: B. Formulate a clinical question
Rationale: The first step in EBP is identifying a clinical problem and creating a focused clinical
question that directs the search for relevant evidence.
5. Which database is commonly used to locate nursing research?
A. MEDLINE and CINAHL
B. Instagram
C. Wikipedia
D. Newspaper archives
Answer: A. MEDLINE and CINAHL
Rationale: MEDLINE and CINAHL are reliable databases containing peer-reviewed nursing
and healthcare literature essential for evidence-based practice.
6. A nurse evaluates a research article before applying its findings. Which characteristic is most
important?
A. Attractive graphics
B. Scientific validity and reliability
, C. Number of advertisements
D. Publication color
Answer: B. Scientific validity and reliability
Rationale: Nurses should ensure research is scientifically sound, valid, reliable, and applicable
before incorporating findings into patient care.
7. Which patient factor is essential when implementing evidence-based interventions?
A. Room assignment
B. Patient preferences and values
C. Insurance company policies only
D. Family income
Answer: B. Patient preferences and values
Rationale: Patient-centered care requires incorporating individual values, beliefs, and
preferences into clinical decisions while using the best available evidence.
8. What is the primary purpose of evidence-based nursing practice?
A. Increase paperwork
B. Improve patient outcomes through research-supported care
C. Reduce physician involvement
D. Replace nursing judgment
Answer: B. Improve patient outcomes through research-supported care
Rationale: EBP improves safety, quality, consistency, and effectiveness of care by integrating
current research with clinical expertise and patient preferences.
9. Which statement about clinical expertise is accurate?
A. It replaces scientific evidence.
B. It is unnecessary when research exists.
C. It complements research evidence during decision-making.
D. It is based only on years of experience.
Answer: C. It complements research evidence during decision-making.