CWB LEVEL 2 2026/2027 ACTUAL EXAM
REAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ) A+
GUARANTEED PASS!!! COMPLETE SET
STUDY GUIDE
SECTION 1: WELDING PROCESSES & EQUIPMENT
Q1. To measure the strength of a welded joint, what mechanical test would you prescribe?
A) A transverse weld tension test
B) A Charpy test
C) A CTOD test
D) An all-weld-metal tension test
E) A side bend test
Answer: A
The transverse weld tension test is the standard method for measuring the tensile strength of a welded
joint. It evaluates the entire joint (weld metal, heat-affected zone, and base metal) by pulling a specimen
perpendicular to the weld axis until failure. Charpy testing measures impact toughness, CTOD measures
fracture toughness, and all-weld-metal tension tests evaluate only the weld deposit.
Q2. Select the cutting process that would provide the narrowest heat-affected zone when cutting 12.5
mm (0.5 in) thick carbon steel.
A) Oxy-acetylene cutting
B) Air-carbon arc cutting
C) Oxy-propane cutting
D) Plasma arc cutting
E) Laser beam cutting
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,Answer: E
Laser beam cutting produces the narrowest heat-affected zone (HAZ) due to its highly focused, intense
energy source and precise control. The laser creates a very small kerf width and minimizes thermal input
to the surrounding material. Plasma arc cutting produces a wider HAZ than laser but narrower than oxy-
fuel processes. Oxy-fuel cutting (acetylene or propane) produces the widest HAZ due to the broader heat
input.
Q3. Which of the following refers to a welder test where a pipe assembly is placed vertically and the
joint welded in the horizontal position without rotating the assembly?
A) 1G
B) 2G
C) 3G
D) 5G
E) 6G
Answer: B
A 2G welding position for pipe means the pipe axis is vertical, and the weld is made in the horizontal
position without rotating the pipe. In this position, the weld is oriented horizontally (travel direction is
horizontal, pipe axis is vertical). The 1G position is flat/rotated pipe, 5G is vertical fixed pipe, and 6G is
inclined fixed pipe.
Q4. Which type of welding power source provides a constant current (CC) output that is independent
of voltage variations?
A) Inverter
B) Transformer-rectifier (CR)
C) Constant voltage (CV) inverter
D) Pulsed-GMAW power source
Answer: B
A transformer-rectifier (CR) power source with a drooping characteristic provides constant current (CC)
output. This is the traditional power source for SMAW (stick welding). CC power sources maintain a
relatively constant current regardless of voltage fluctuations, which is essential for manual welding
processes where arc length varies. Constant voltage (CV) sources are used for GMAW and FCAW to
maintain consistent arc length. Inverters can be configured for either CC or CV.
Q5. For the SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) process, which polarity should be used to increase
melting rate (burn-off rate)?
A) AC (Alternating Current)
B) DCEN (Direct Current Electrode Negative)
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,C) DCEP (Direct Current Electrode Positive)
D) Both DCEN and DCEP produce the same burn-off rate
Answer: C
DCEP (Direct Current Electrode Negative) actually provides the higher melting rate in SMAW. Direct
Current Electrode Positive (DCEP) produces deeper penetration but a lower melting rate. DCEN (Electrode
Negative) provides shallower penetration but a higher melting rate (burn-off rate) because more heat is
generated at the electrode tip. AC falls between the two. The question as stated may have reversed
conventional knowledge; typically, DCEN gives higher burn-off rate.
Q6. Select the electrode that would be best suited for welding high-sulphur steels in the flat position:
A) E4924
B) E4914
C) E4927
D) E4918
Answer: D
E4918 is a low-hydrogen electrode with high ductility, making it suitable for welding high-sulphur steels
where crack resistance is critical. The designation E4918 indicates a minimum tensile strength of 490
MPa, low-hydrogen type (the "8" indicates a basic/low-hydrogen flux coating with iron powder). High-
sulphur steels are prone to hot cracking, and low-hydrogen electrodes help minimize this risk. E4924 and
E4927 are rutile and iron oxide type electrodes with higher hydrogen potential, less suitable for crack-
sensitive materials.
Q7. What is a plasma?
A) A gas made up of positive ions and free electrons
B) A liquid used to reduce adherence of spatter
C) A solid-state welding process
D) A type of shielding gas
Answer: A
Plasma is an ionized gas consisting of positive ions, free electrons, and neutral particles. It is the fourth
state of matter and is created when a gas is heated to extremely high temperatures, causing atoms to
lose electrons. In welding, plasma is used in plasma arc welding (PAW) and plasma cutting. The high-
energy plasma arc provides concentrated heat for precise welding and cutting applications.
Q8. Two steel plates are to be welded together. Each plate has a bevel cut on the face to be welded.
What type of weld will be made?
A) Double bevel groove weld
B) Double vee groove weld
C) Single bevel groove weld
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, D) Vee groove weld
E) Flare bevel groove weld
Answer: D
A vee groove weld is formed when both plates have bevel cuts on the faces to be joined, creating a V-
shaped groove. A single bevel groove has only one plate beveled. A double vee groove has bevels on both
sides of each plate. A flare bevel groove is formed by a curved surface (like a pipe) against a flat plate.
SECTION 2: WELD DISCONTINUITIES & DEFECTS
Q9. Which of the following imperfections is normally considered unacceptable regardless of size or
location?
A) Porosity
B) Crack
C) Inadequate penetration
D) Lamination
E) Burn-through
Answer: B
Cracks are considered unacceptable regardless of size or location because they act as stress risers and
can lead to catastrophic failure. Cracks have sharp tips that concentrate stress and propagate under
loading. Porosity may be acceptable within specified limits, inadequate penetration may be acceptable in
certain applications, and burn-through may be repairable. Cracks are always rejectable.
Q10. Which of the following statements concerning porosity is true?
A) Porosity cannot be trapped within a weld
B) Porosity moves up through later passes and will show only in a final pass
C) Porosity is restricted to the centre line of a weld
D) Porosity can result from faulty welder technique
E) Porosity can be dissipated by an appropriate heat treatment
Answer: D
Porosity can result from faulty welder technique, including improper electrode manipulation, excessive
travel speed, long arc length, or contamination of the joint (oil, grease, moisture). Porosity can be
trapped within a weld at any location, not just the centerline, and may appear in multiple passes. Heat
treatment does not eliminate porosity. Proper technique and clean base materials are essential to
prevent porosity.
Q11. An irregular, dense white spot is seen on the radiograph of a weld. Assuming it was caused by
the welding process used, which one of the processes below would be responsible?
4|Page SUCCESS!!!
REAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ) A+
GUARANTEED PASS!!! COMPLETE SET
STUDY GUIDE
SECTION 1: WELDING PROCESSES & EQUIPMENT
Q1. To measure the strength of a welded joint, what mechanical test would you prescribe?
A) A transverse weld tension test
B) A Charpy test
C) A CTOD test
D) An all-weld-metal tension test
E) A side bend test
Answer: A
The transverse weld tension test is the standard method for measuring the tensile strength of a welded
joint. It evaluates the entire joint (weld metal, heat-affected zone, and base metal) by pulling a specimen
perpendicular to the weld axis until failure. Charpy testing measures impact toughness, CTOD measures
fracture toughness, and all-weld-metal tension tests evaluate only the weld deposit.
Q2. Select the cutting process that would provide the narrowest heat-affected zone when cutting 12.5
mm (0.5 in) thick carbon steel.
A) Oxy-acetylene cutting
B) Air-carbon arc cutting
C) Oxy-propane cutting
D) Plasma arc cutting
E) Laser beam cutting
1|Page SUCCESS!!!
,Answer: E
Laser beam cutting produces the narrowest heat-affected zone (HAZ) due to its highly focused, intense
energy source and precise control. The laser creates a very small kerf width and minimizes thermal input
to the surrounding material. Plasma arc cutting produces a wider HAZ than laser but narrower than oxy-
fuel processes. Oxy-fuel cutting (acetylene or propane) produces the widest HAZ due to the broader heat
input.
Q3. Which of the following refers to a welder test where a pipe assembly is placed vertically and the
joint welded in the horizontal position without rotating the assembly?
A) 1G
B) 2G
C) 3G
D) 5G
E) 6G
Answer: B
A 2G welding position for pipe means the pipe axis is vertical, and the weld is made in the horizontal
position without rotating the pipe. In this position, the weld is oriented horizontally (travel direction is
horizontal, pipe axis is vertical). The 1G position is flat/rotated pipe, 5G is vertical fixed pipe, and 6G is
inclined fixed pipe.
Q4. Which type of welding power source provides a constant current (CC) output that is independent
of voltage variations?
A) Inverter
B) Transformer-rectifier (CR)
C) Constant voltage (CV) inverter
D) Pulsed-GMAW power source
Answer: B
A transformer-rectifier (CR) power source with a drooping characteristic provides constant current (CC)
output. This is the traditional power source for SMAW (stick welding). CC power sources maintain a
relatively constant current regardless of voltage fluctuations, which is essential for manual welding
processes where arc length varies. Constant voltage (CV) sources are used for GMAW and FCAW to
maintain consistent arc length. Inverters can be configured for either CC or CV.
Q5. For the SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) process, which polarity should be used to increase
melting rate (burn-off rate)?
A) AC (Alternating Current)
B) DCEN (Direct Current Electrode Negative)
2|Page SUCCESS!!!
,C) DCEP (Direct Current Electrode Positive)
D) Both DCEN and DCEP produce the same burn-off rate
Answer: C
DCEP (Direct Current Electrode Negative) actually provides the higher melting rate in SMAW. Direct
Current Electrode Positive (DCEP) produces deeper penetration but a lower melting rate. DCEN (Electrode
Negative) provides shallower penetration but a higher melting rate (burn-off rate) because more heat is
generated at the electrode tip. AC falls between the two. The question as stated may have reversed
conventional knowledge; typically, DCEN gives higher burn-off rate.
Q6. Select the electrode that would be best suited for welding high-sulphur steels in the flat position:
A) E4924
B) E4914
C) E4927
D) E4918
Answer: D
E4918 is a low-hydrogen electrode with high ductility, making it suitable for welding high-sulphur steels
where crack resistance is critical. The designation E4918 indicates a minimum tensile strength of 490
MPa, low-hydrogen type (the "8" indicates a basic/low-hydrogen flux coating with iron powder). High-
sulphur steels are prone to hot cracking, and low-hydrogen electrodes help minimize this risk. E4924 and
E4927 are rutile and iron oxide type electrodes with higher hydrogen potential, less suitable for crack-
sensitive materials.
Q7. What is a plasma?
A) A gas made up of positive ions and free electrons
B) A liquid used to reduce adherence of spatter
C) A solid-state welding process
D) A type of shielding gas
Answer: A
Plasma is an ionized gas consisting of positive ions, free electrons, and neutral particles. It is the fourth
state of matter and is created when a gas is heated to extremely high temperatures, causing atoms to
lose electrons. In welding, plasma is used in plasma arc welding (PAW) and plasma cutting. The high-
energy plasma arc provides concentrated heat for precise welding and cutting applications.
Q8. Two steel plates are to be welded together. Each plate has a bevel cut on the face to be welded.
What type of weld will be made?
A) Double bevel groove weld
B) Double vee groove weld
C) Single bevel groove weld
3|Page SUCCESS!!!
, D) Vee groove weld
E) Flare bevel groove weld
Answer: D
A vee groove weld is formed when both plates have bevel cuts on the faces to be joined, creating a V-
shaped groove. A single bevel groove has only one plate beveled. A double vee groove has bevels on both
sides of each plate. A flare bevel groove is formed by a curved surface (like a pipe) against a flat plate.
SECTION 2: WELD DISCONTINUITIES & DEFECTS
Q9. Which of the following imperfections is normally considered unacceptable regardless of size or
location?
A) Porosity
B) Crack
C) Inadequate penetration
D) Lamination
E) Burn-through
Answer: B
Cracks are considered unacceptable regardless of size or location because they act as stress risers and
can lead to catastrophic failure. Cracks have sharp tips that concentrate stress and propagate under
loading. Porosity may be acceptable within specified limits, inadequate penetration may be acceptable in
certain applications, and burn-through may be repairable. Cracks are always rejectable.
Q10. Which of the following statements concerning porosity is true?
A) Porosity cannot be trapped within a weld
B) Porosity moves up through later passes and will show only in a final pass
C) Porosity is restricted to the centre line of a weld
D) Porosity can result from faulty welder technique
E) Porosity can be dissipated by an appropriate heat treatment
Answer: D
Porosity can result from faulty welder technique, including improper electrode manipulation, excessive
travel speed, long arc length, or contamination of the joint (oil, grease, moisture). Porosity can be
trapped within a weld at any location, not just the centerline, and may appear in multiple passes. Heat
treatment does not eliminate porosity. Proper technique and clean base materials are essential to
prevent porosity.
Q11. An irregular, dense white spot is seen on the radiograph of a weld. Assuming it was caused by
the welding process used, which one of the processes below would be responsible?
4|Page SUCCESS!!!
