TEST BANK
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes and
j j j j j
Genomes
j
Key jConcepts
• Inherited j traits jare j affected jby jgenes.
• Genes j are j composed j of j the j chemical j deoxyribonucleic j acid j (DNA).
• DNA jreplicates j to j form j (usually j identical) j copies j of j itself.
• DNA jcontains ja jcode jspecifying jwhat jtypes jof jenzymes jand jother jproteins jare
jmade jin jcells.
• DNA joccasionally jmutates, j and jthe jmutant jforms jspecify jaltered jproteins.
• A jmutant jenzyme jis jan j"inborn jerror jof jmetabolism" jthat jblocks jone jstep jin ja
jbio- jchemical jpathway jfor jthe jmetabolism jof jsmall jmolecules.
• Traits jare jaffected jby j environment jas jwell jas jby jgenes.
• Organisms jchange jgenetically jthrough jgenerations jin jthe jprocess jof
jbiological jevolution.
• Because jof jtheir jcomm.on jdescent, jorganisms jshare jmany jfeatures jof jtheir jgenetics
and jbiochemistry.
Key jTerms
1. complementary jbase jpairing
2. antiparallel
3. central jdogma
4. transcri j tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer j RNA j (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic jeffect jor jpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts jin j Action
1.1. (a) jfalse; j(b) jtrue; j(c) jtrue; j(d) jfalse.
1.2. The jimportance jof jthe jnucleus jin jinheritance jwas jimplied jby jits jprominence jin
jfer- jtilization. jThe jdiscovery jof jchromosomes jinside jthe jnucleus, jtheir jbehavior
jduring jcell jdivision, jand jthe jobservation jthat jeach jspecies jhas ja jcharacteristic
jchromosome jnumber jmade jit jlikely jthat jchromosomes jwere jthe jcarriers jof jthe
jgenes. jMicro- jscopic j studies j showed j that j DNA j and j proteins j are j both
j present j in j chromosomes, jbut jwhereas jnearly jall jcells jof ja jgiven jspecies
jcontain ja j constant jamount jof jDNA, jthe jamount jand jkinds j of jproteins jdiffer
jgreatly jin jdifferent jcell jtypes.
C j2006 jby jJones jand jBartlett jPublishers
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes and
j j j j j
Genomes
j
Key jConcepts
• Inherited j traits jare j affected jby jgenes.
• Genes j are j composed j of j the j chemical j deoxyribonucleic j acid j (DNA).
• DNA jreplicates j to j form j (usually j identical) j copies j of j itself.
• DNA jcontains ja jcode jspecifying jwhat jtypes jof jenzymes jand jother jproteins jare
jmade jin jcells.
• DNA joccasionally jmutates, j and jthe jmutant jforms jspecify jaltered jproteins.
• A jmutant jenzyme jis jan j"inborn jerror jof jmetabolism" jthat jblocks jone jstep jin ja
jbio- jchemical jpathway jfor jthe jmetabolism jof jsmall jmolecules.
• Traits jare jaffected jby j environment jas jwell jas jby jgenes.
• Organisms jchange jgenetically jthrough jgenerations jin jthe jprocess jof
jbiological jevolution.
• Because jof jtheir jcomm.on jdescent, jorganisms jshare jmany jfeatures jof jtheir jgenetics
and jbiochemistry.
Key jTerms
1. complementary jbase jpairing
2. antiparallel
3. central jdogma
4. transcri j tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer j RNA j (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic jeffect jor jpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts jin j Action
1.1. (a) jfalse; j(b) jtrue; j(c) jtrue; j(d) jfalse.
1.2. The jimportance jof jthe jnucleus jin jinheritance jwas jimplied jby jits jprominence jin
jfer- jtilization. jThe jdiscovery jof jchromosomes jinside jthe jnucleus, jtheir jbehavior
jduring jcell jdivision, jand jthe jobservation jthat jeach jspecies jhas ja jcharacteristic
jchromosome jnumber jmade jit jlikely jthat jchromosomes jwere jthe jcarriers jof jthe
jgenes. jMicro- jscopic j studies j showed j that j DNA j and j proteins j are j both
j present j in j chromosomes, jbut jwhereas jnearly jall jcells jof ja jgiven jspecies
jcontain ja j constant jamount jof jDNA, jthe jamount jand jkinds j of jproteins jdiffer
jgreatly jin jdifferent jcell jtypes.
C j2006 jby jJones jand jBartlett jPublishers
