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NUR 635 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Questions with Correct Answers All Verified 2026 A+

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NUR 635 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Questions with Correct Answers All Verified 2026 A+

Institution

NURS635 - NURS635

Course

NURS635 - NURS635

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NUR 635 Advanced
Pharmacology
Midterm Questions
with Correct
Answers All Verified
2026 A+
PharmacologyB-
BAnswerBtheBstudyBofBdrugsBandBtheirBstructure,BtargetsBofBaction,BmechanismsBofBact
ionB(MOA),BdistributionB(howBtheBbodyBdisbursesBthemBthroughoutBtheBbody),Bdesired
BphysiologicBeffectsB(efficacy)BandBundesirableBsideBeffectsB(toxicity).

PharmacokineticsBincludesBtheBfollowing:B-
BAnswerBADMEB(absorption,Bdistribution,BmetabolismBandBelimination).

PharmacokineticsBis...B-BAnswerBHowBtheBbodyBeffectsBtheBdrug

,AbsorptionB-
BAnswerBabsorptionBfromBtheBadministrationBsiteBeitherBdirectlyBorBindirectlyBintoBtheB
blood/plasma.

DistributionB-
BAnswerBreversibly/irreversiblyBmovementBofBdrugBfromBtheBbloodstreamBintoBtheBinter
stitialBandBintracellularBfluid.

MetabolismB-
BAnswerBdrugBbiotransformationBviaBmetabolicBpathways,BprimarilyBtheBliver,BorBbyBoth
erBtissues.

EliminationB-
BAnswerBhowBparentBdrugB&BitsBmetabolitesBareBeliminatedBfromBtheBbody

AbsorptionBfactorsB-BAnswerB·BGastrointestinalBpHBchanges

·BGastricBemptying

·BGastric/intestinalBenzymes

·BBileBacidsB&BbiliaryBfunction

·BGastrointestinalBfloraB(typeBandBquantityBofBbacteria)

·BFoodB&BnutrientBinteractionsB(mostBcommonBinteractionBinfluencingBGIBdrugBabsorpti
on)

·BLipidBsolubilityBofBtheBdrug

DistributionBfactorsB-
BAnswerB·BMembraneBpermeability:BCrossBmembranesBtoBsiteBofBaction

·BBloodBbrainBbarrierBreducesBtheBspeedBofBdrugBpassageBintoBandBoutBofBbrainBtissu
e

·BPlasmaBproteinBbinding:BdrugsBboundBtoBplasmaBproteinsBdoBnotBcrossBmembranesB(
Note:BMalnutritionB=BâalbuminB=BáBfreeBdrugB=BgreaterBpharmacologicBresponse)

,·BAgingBcauseBaBreductionBinBproductionBofBplasmaBproteins

·BLipophilicityBofBdrug:BlipophilicBdrugsBconcentrateBinBadiposeBtissue;BremainBinBtheBb
odyBforBaBlongerBperiodBofBtime

VolumeBofBdistributionB-BAnswerB·BBodyBComposition

B-BIncreasedBTotalBbodyBwaterBandBextracellularBfluid

B-DecreasedBAdiposeBtissueBandBskeletalBmuscle

·BProteinBBindingB(changesBwithBaging)

B-Albumin,Bbilirubin,Ba1-acidBglycoprotein

B-AlbuminBaffectedBbyBnutrition

B-LowBalbuminB(hypoalbuminemia)BcanBcauseBlessBprotein-
boundBdrugBreachingBtheBtissueBsiteBofBaction.

·BTissueBBinding

B-BCompositionalBchanges

MetabolismBfactorsB-
BAnswerBoBDrugsBcanBundergoBmetabolismBinBtheBlungs,Bblood,Bliver,BintestinesBandBki
dney

oBVolatileBdrugsBareBprimarilyBexcretedBbyBtheBlungs

·BTheBbodyBchangesBdrugsBtoBmoreBorBlessBactiveBformsB(metabolites),BincreasesBwate
rBsolubilityBtoBincreaseBelimination.

PhaseB1BMetabolismB-BAnswerB·BCytochromeBP450Bsystem

·BLocatedBwithinBtheBendoplasmicBreticulumBofBhepatocytes.

·BThroughBelectronBtransportBchain,BaBdrugBboundBtoBtheBCYP450BsystemBundergoesBo
xidationBorBreduction.

·BDrugBmetabolismBinBtheBliverBisBalsoBaffectedBby:

-EnzymeBinduction

-BDrugBinteractions

, CYP450B-BAnswerB·BCYP:BaBsetBofBisozymesBprimarilyBfoundBinBtheBliverBandBGIBtract

·BConvertBlipophilicBdrugsBintoBmoreBpolarB(andBsoluble)Bmolecules

·BConsiderableBgeneticBvariabilityBexistsBacrossBraceBandBgender

·BResultsBinBCYP450BpolymorphismsBwhichBhaveBaBdirectBeffectBonBdrugBmetabolism.

FourBisozymesBareBresponsibleBforBtheBmajorityBofBPhaseBIBMetabolismBreactionsB-
BAnswerB1.BCYP3A4/5

2.BCYP2D6

3.BCYP2C8/9

4.BCYP1A2

IfByouBhaveBaBpatientBexperiencingBaBpharmacokineticBdrugBinteraction,Bconsider......B-
BAnswerBCYP450.

·BSomeBdrugsBorBexogenousBsubstancesBcanBinduceBCYPBisozymesB(lessBeffect).BExampl
e....B-BAnswerBSt.BJohn'sBwortB(CYP3A4)BandBhormonalBbirthBcontrol

CYP450-
relatedBdrugBinteractionsBcanBmakeBpredictingBbloodBplasmaBlevels/steadyBstateBlevelsB
difficult.

Example....B-
BAnswerBIfBaBdrugBinhibitsBenzymaticBactivity,BaBsubstrateBdrugBforBthatBenzymeBsyste
mBwillBhaveBaBgreaterBconcentrationBinBtheBblood.

IfBaBdrugBinhibitsBCYPBisozymes,BwhatBisBtheBeffectBofBtheBsubstrateBdrugB-
BAnswerBTheBsubstrateBdrugBwillBhaveBgreaterBeffect

PhaseB2BMetabolismB-BAnswerB·BPolarBgroupBisBconjugatedBtoBtheBdrug

·BResultsBinBincreasedBpolarityBofBtheBdrug

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Number of pages: 43
Written in: 2025/2026
Type: Exam (elaborations)
Contains: Questions & answers

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NUR 635 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Questions with Correct Answers All Verified 2026 A+

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