TAMU BIO 111 LAB EXAM 2 REVIEW LATEST 2026 UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED 100% SOLUTIONS (2026/2027) |A+
GRADED |GUARANTEED PASS
What is multiplex PCR? - Answers -Amplification of multiple targets into a single PCR experiment
by utilizing multiple primer pairs in a single reaction mixture
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis? - Answers -Allows you to separate a mixture of
different sized DNA molecules so that DNA samples can be compared to other known DNA
profiles.
What is the charge of DNA? - Answers -DNA has a negative charge
What direction should DNA run? - Answers -Toward the positively charged end (anode)
What are things that influence how far DNA will run? - Answers -Charge of molecule: DNA
carries a negative charge so attracted to positive end • Size: Smaller molecules/fragments will
travel faster and further • Density of gel: the more dense the gel is, the slower the particles will
move. You want a gel that is dense enough to separate particles but that won't take too long
Who will run further from a well? 700bp of DNA or 200bp of DNA. - Answers -200 bp (smaller,
so travels faster and further)
1|Page
, Why is developing a DNA profile important? - Answers -DNA testing allows forensic investigators
to identify a guilty individual with a high degree of certainty because the DNA sequence of
every person is unique (except for identical twins)
How did multiplex PCR help in our analysis versus just using a single pair of primers? - Answers -
A single pair would not allow you to distinguish between samples/individuals with a high degree
of certainty
Why are DNA ladders (standards) important? - Answers -They are used to determine the sizes of
bands in other DNA samples. Thus, we are able to compare them.
Can you tell the difference between a homozygote or heterozygote gene on a gel? - Answers -
Yes, a homozygote will have one band at a particular loci and a heterozygote will have two
bands at a particular loci
What was the purpose of using SYBR Green in the gels? - Answers -SYBR Green binds to DNA
and fluoresces when exposed to the right wavelength of light. This makes the separated bands
visible.
What was the purpose of pouring the buffer in the electrophoresis chamber? - Answers -Buffer
controls the net charge of molecules by maintaining the pH at nearly neutral. This facilitates
proper migration and separation of DNA molecules.
2|Page
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED 100% SOLUTIONS (2026/2027) |A+
GRADED |GUARANTEED PASS
What is multiplex PCR? - Answers -Amplification of multiple targets into a single PCR experiment
by utilizing multiple primer pairs in a single reaction mixture
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis? - Answers -Allows you to separate a mixture of
different sized DNA molecules so that DNA samples can be compared to other known DNA
profiles.
What is the charge of DNA? - Answers -DNA has a negative charge
What direction should DNA run? - Answers -Toward the positively charged end (anode)
What are things that influence how far DNA will run? - Answers -Charge of molecule: DNA
carries a negative charge so attracted to positive end • Size: Smaller molecules/fragments will
travel faster and further • Density of gel: the more dense the gel is, the slower the particles will
move. You want a gel that is dense enough to separate particles but that won't take too long
Who will run further from a well? 700bp of DNA or 200bp of DNA. - Answers -200 bp (smaller,
so travels faster and further)
1|Page
, Why is developing a DNA profile important? - Answers -DNA testing allows forensic investigators
to identify a guilty individual with a high degree of certainty because the DNA sequence of
every person is unique (except for identical twins)
How did multiplex PCR help in our analysis versus just using a single pair of primers? - Answers -
A single pair would not allow you to distinguish between samples/individuals with a high degree
of certainty
Why are DNA ladders (standards) important? - Answers -They are used to determine the sizes of
bands in other DNA samples. Thus, we are able to compare them.
Can you tell the difference between a homozygote or heterozygote gene on a gel? - Answers -
Yes, a homozygote will have one band at a particular loci and a heterozygote will have two
bands at a particular loci
What was the purpose of using SYBR Green in the gels? - Answers -SYBR Green binds to DNA
and fluoresces when exposed to the right wavelength of light. This makes the separated bands
visible.
What was the purpose of pouring the buffer in the electrophoresis chamber? - Answers -Buffer
controls the net charge of molecules by maintaining the pH at nearly neutral. This facilitates
proper migration and separation of DNA molecules.
2|Page
