NURS 5315 Final Exam (UTA) Newest {2 versions} Practice Questions & Study Guide Latest Update This Year Instant Download Pdf

NURS 5315 Final Exam (UTA) Newest {2 versions}
Practice Questions & Study Guide Latest Update This
Year Instant Download Pdf

Exam Overview
The NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam at the University of Texas at
Arlington (UTA) is a comprehensive assessment covering the full scope of pathophysiology
concepts. The exam focuses on clinical application of pathophysiologic principles across
major body systems, with an emphasis on disease mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and
diagnostic interpretation .
Exam Details at a Glance:

Aspect Detail
Course NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology
Institution UT Arlington (UTA)
Exam Final Comprehensive Exam
Focus Areas Cellular Pathology, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Renal, Endocrine,
GI, Neurologic, Hematologic
Format Multiple-choice, NCLEX-style questions with rationales
Recent 202/2027 academic year
Update


Core Content Areas Covered


1. Cellular Adaptation & Injury

 Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Dysplasia, Metaplasia
 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and mechanisms of cellular injury
 Neoplasia (sarcomas, adenocarcinomas)


2. Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders

, Sodium, potassium, calcium imbalances
 Metabolic acidosis/alkalosis and respiratory acidosis/alkalosis
 ABG interpretation and anion gap


3. Genetic & Congenital Disorders

 Autosomal dominant/recessive inheritance patterns
 Sex-linked disorders (hemophilia)
 Punnett squares and genetic transmission


4. Immune & Inflammatory Disorders

 Hypersensitivity types (I-IV)
 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
 Rheumatoid arthritis
 Cytokines and immune response


5. Hematologic Disorders

 Anemias (iron deficiency, pernicious, folate deficiency, sickle cell)
 Leukemias and coagulation disorders
 Hemolytic disease of the newborn


6. Cardiovascular Disorders

 Atherosclerosis and hypertension
 Heart failure (left and right-sided)
 Valvular diseases (mitral stenosis/regurgitation, aortic stenosis)
 Myocardial infarction and angina


7. Respiratory Disorders

 COPD, asthma, ARDS
 Pulmonary edema in heart failure
 Tuberculosis and pneumonia

, 8. Renal Disorders

 Acute and chronic kidney disease
 Glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome
 Diabetic nephropathy


9. Gastrointestinal & Hepatic Disorders

 Cirrhosis and portal hypertension
 Acute pancreatitis
 Crohn's disease


10. Endocrine Disorders

 Hyperthyroidism (Graves disease) and hypothyroidism
 Cushing syndrome and Addison disease
 Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
 Hyperparathyroidism


Section 1: Cellular Adaptation & Injury (Questions 1-25)

1. A patient with chronic hypertension develops left ventricular hypertrophy. This
adaptive change is best described as which type of cellular response?

 A) Hyperplasia
 B) Hypertrophy
 C) Metaplasia
 D) Dysplasia

Rationale: Hypertension increases afterload, forcing the left ventricle to pump against
higher pressure. Over time, myocardial cells increase in size (hypertrophy) as an adaptive
response, not in number (hyperplasia, which occurs in dividing cells). This initially
compensates but eventually leads to diastolic dysfunction .

, 2. Upon examining a paraplegic patient, the nurse practitioner notes that the patient's
lower extremities are thin and wasted. This is an example of which cellular adaptation
pattern?

 A) Atrophy
 B) Hypertrophy
 C) Hyperplasia
 D) Dysplasia

Rationale: The patient has experienced muscle wasting (atrophy) secondary to the loss of
use of their lower extremities. Hypertrophy is enlargement of cells due to increased
demands; hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells; dysplasia is pre-cancerous
abnormal cell organization .




3. A patient with a long-standing history of GERD is at greater risk of which cellular
adaptation pattern?

 A) Esophageal hypertrophy
 B) Esophageal metaplasia
 C) Esophageal atrophy
 D) Esophageal dysplasia
Rationale: Long-standing GERD predisposes esophageal cells to undergo metaplasia. In
esophageal metaplasia, the normal squamous epithelial cells are replaced by intestinal-like
columnar cells under the influence of refluxed gastric acid. The columnar cells are better
equipped to handle the acid, but this is a pre-cancerous condition .




4. A child is diagnosed with osteogenic sarcoma. From which tissue did the cancer
originate?

 A) Connective tissue
 B) Epithelial tissue
 C) Liver tissue
 D) Nerve tissue