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PSYCH 290 UNIT 1 CHAPTER ONE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

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PSYCH 290 UNIT 1 CHAPTER ONE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

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Why has Western psychology had scant interest in other cultures? Why has this begun
to change? (pp. 18, 20)


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It was believed that research was looking for general traits of all humans.
Also, it was more cost effetive to use students, which were usually white
male university students. Ethnocentrism also played a part.


Possibly caused by the socioeconomic upheavals of the 1960's and 1970's
Only recently has it broadened to study gender, ethnicity, culture, and
other affects on the personality and psych. There is always the fear of
eugenics being used for extreme beliefs.

likely 2 main contributors (point of view)
1. The world has become smaller with global trade and communication tech
2. ethnic makeup of the western world is becoming increasingly diverse
multicultural mosaic

,behaviour


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any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism




behaviourism


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a theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology
should study only observable behaviour




Compare structuralism and functionalism, and discuss their impact on the
development of psychology. (pp. 5-7)


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Structuralism breaks down components of consciousness to see how they
work together.

Functionalism believes consciousness should be studied for its purpose,
rather than its structure


the debate between the two has led to many discoveries in the field of
psychology. ie. behaviourism




Doreen Kimura

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significant and sustained contributions to neuromotor mechanics in human
communication and sex differences in cognition. Promotes academic
freedom.




List and describe the four professional specialties within applied psychology (pp. 23,
26-27, Figure 1.7)


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Clinical (68%) - Evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of those with
psychological disorders. Interviewing, testing, providing therapy.

Counselling (14.8%) - Provide the same care as clinical, except to clients
with everyday struggles of moderate concern. Marital, family, career

Educational and School (8.4%) - Improve curriculum design, testing,
training, and other aspects of education. usually, work in grade schools
with children struggling with learning difficulties.

Industrial and Organizational (5.7%) - Tasks in Business and Industry. HR
departments, Improve morale, Increase job satisfaction and productivity,
Recommending structural improvements to policy




humanism


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a theoretical orientation that emphasizes the unique qualities of humans,
especially their freedom and their potential for personal growth

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