ENGLISH 01 - Oral Communication
Course Outcome 1: “Nature of Communication”
➢ LESSON 1 - Nature and Elements of Communication
➢ LESSON 2 - Verbal & Non-Verbal Communication Skills
➢ LESSON 3 - Effective Communication Skills
, LESSON 1: Nature and Elements of Communication
What is Communication?
Communication is the process of sharing or exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, or feelings between
people. Think of it as making something "common" (from the Latin communis).
● It’s dynamic: always changing & in ● It’s symbolic: we use words, gestures, &
motion. other symbols to create meaning.
● It’s systematic: happens within a system ● It’s irreversible: once you say
where parts affect each other. something, you can’t take it back!
The 5 Essential Elements (The Communication Loop)
Every communication act needs these five parts: [S-M-C-R-F]
1. Sender (Encoder): The person who starts the message. They have an idea & put it into words or
symbols.
2. Message: The actual information, idea, or thought being sent. This can be words, a look, a text, etc.
3. Channel: The medium or method used to send the message.
○ Examples: Talking face-to-face (verbal), sending an email (written), a facial expression
(non-verbal), a phone call.
4. Receiver (Decoder): The person who gets the message. They interpret or "decode" what the sender
intends to convey.
5. Feedback: The receiver’s response or reaction. This tells the sender if the message was understood.
It completes the loop!
○ Examples: Nodding, saying “I see,” asking a question, or even silence.
Models of Communication: How the Process Works
● Linear Model (One-Way Street):
○ Laswell’s Model (1948): Sender → Message → Receiver. Like broadcasting a TV show.
● Interactive Model (Two-Way Street):
○ Osgood-Schramm’s Model: Shows that communication is a back-and-forth cycle. Both
people are senders & receivers at the same time. It’s a continuous circle.
● Transactional Model (The Full Picture):
○ The most advanced model. It’s not just sending and receiving; it’s a continuous, dynamic
process where both people are actively creating meaning together. Your relationship, past
experiences, and the context all affect how you communicate.
Course Outcome 1: “Nature of Communication”
➢ LESSON 1 - Nature and Elements of Communication
➢ LESSON 2 - Verbal & Non-Verbal Communication Skills
➢ LESSON 3 - Effective Communication Skills
, LESSON 1: Nature and Elements of Communication
What is Communication?
Communication is the process of sharing or exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, or feelings between
people. Think of it as making something "common" (from the Latin communis).
● It’s dynamic: always changing & in ● It’s symbolic: we use words, gestures, &
motion. other symbols to create meaning.
● It’s systematic: happens within a system ● It’s irreversible: once you say
where parts affect each other. something, you can’t take it back!
The 5 Essential Elements (The Communication Loop)
Every communication act needs these five parts: [S-M-C-R-F]
1. Sender (Encoder): The person who starts the message. They have an idea & put it into words or
symbols.
2. Message: The actual information, idea, or thought being sent. This can be words, a look, a text, etc.
3. Channel: The medium or method used to send the message.
○ Examples: Talking face-to-face (verbal), sending an email (written), a facial expression
(non-verbal), a phone call.
4. Receiver (Decoder): The person who gets the message. They interpret or "decode" what the sender
intends to convey.
5. Feedback: The receiver’s response or reaction. This tells the sender if the message was understood.
It completes the loop!
○ Examples: Nodding, saying “I see,” asking a question, or even silence.
Models of Communication: How the Process Works
● Linear Model (One-Way Street):
○ Laswell’s Model (1948): Sender → Message → Receiver. Like broadcasting a TV show.
● Interactive Model (Two-Way Street):
○ Osgood-Schramm’s Model: Shows that communication is a back-and-forth cycle. Both
people are senders & receivers at the same time. It’s a continuous circle.
● Transactional Model (The Full Picture):
○ The most advanced model. It’s not just sending and receiving; it’s a continuous, dynamic
process where both people are actively creating meaning together. Your relationship, past
experiences, and the context all affect how you communicate.
