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YFT Clinical Perspectives 2nd Edition by Theresa M Capriotti
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Chapter 1 - 46 | Complete L
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,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
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Multiple Choice
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1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct? L
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1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions. L
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2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment. YFT L YFT L L
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3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell YFT L L
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4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
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2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created in
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1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid L
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2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle YFTL L
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3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A YF
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4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid L
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3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
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1. 2 Y F T L Y F T L
2. 3 Y F T L Y F T L
3. 34 Y F T L Y F T L
4. 53 Y F T L Y F T L
4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
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1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids YF T L
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids Y F T L
5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
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1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein. L
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2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells. L
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3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise. L
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4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands. L
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6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease? YFT L YFT L L
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1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress YFT L YFT L L
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2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) YFT L L
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3. During a severe hypoxic state YFT L YFT L L
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4. During the processing of prohormone YFT L YFT L YFT L L
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7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
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1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
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4. Endoplasmic reticula L
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Y F T L 8. Y F Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
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1. Actin and myosin L
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2. Prohormone and tubulin YFT L L
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3. Tubulin and actin L
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4. Myosin and prohormone YFT L YF T L
Y F T L 9. Y F Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease?
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1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes YFT L
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1. Accumulation of ganglioside YF
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2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis YFT L L
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3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity L
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4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system YF
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1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded. YFT L YFT L YFT L L
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2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
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3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
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4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
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12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be
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1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein YF
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2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus L
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3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules YFTL YF
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4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum L
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13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component
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is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically
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transferred?
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2. Ribosomal RNA T
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3. Double helix of DNA L
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4. Mitochondrial DNA T
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14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
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climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
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1. Cellular hypoxia YF
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2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema T
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Y 15. Y F T L Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
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1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases YFT L YF T L YFT L YFT L
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases YFT L L
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3. The presence of nucleotides YFT L YFT L YFT L
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
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1. Y F
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2. Y F
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3. Y F
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4. Y F
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1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids L
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3. Fatty acids L
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4. Phosphates
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1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell L
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2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA L
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3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell YFT L YFT L L
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4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell L
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Y19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is the
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mechanism of action of the drug?
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1. It prevents the replication of bacteria. L
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2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
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3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
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4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
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1. In the ribosomes YFT L Y FT L
2. In the Golgi apparatusYFT L YFT L YFTL
3. In the secretory granules
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4. In the endoplasmic reticulum
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1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus L
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4. Endoplasmic reticulum L
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Multiple ResponseL
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