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An 80-year-old patient has nausea and vomiting related to a
gastrointestinal disorder. Which of the following nursing interventions is
most appropriate?
A. Offer sips of clear soda every 15 minutes until more is tolerated.
B. Encourage the patient to lie in a prone position while nauseated.
C. Encourage the intake of high-calorie foods such as milkshakes.
,D. Keep the patient on a nothing-by-mouth (NPO) order until the nausea
subsides. - ANSWER ✔✔A. Offer sips of clear soda every 15 minutes
until more is tolerated
Nursing interventions for nausea and vomiting include many self-help
measures, including drinking clear liquids, progressing from eating bland
foods to solid foods, and small frequent feedings. If vomiting occurs, fluid
replacement should be a priority. Sips of fluids every 15 minutes until
more can be tolerated may decrease episodes of dehydration. The
position of the patient is unimportant. The patient should avoid nonclear
liquids such as milkshakes. If the patient cannot keep even sips down,
he or she may be prescribed NPO status.
When preparing to discharge an older patient with mild dysphagia, the
nurse suggests that the patient can minimize symptoms by doing which
of the following?
A. Eating small meals every 2 to 3 hours
B. Cutting a sandwich into bite-sized pieces
C. Eating less but choosing nutrient-dense foods
,D. Drinking thin liquids instead of eating solids - ANSWER ✔✔A.
Eating small meals every 2 to 3 hours
Instruction regarding eating habits and maintaining weight and nutrition
is important. For example, small, frequent meals, pureed or soft foods,
and high-protein, high-calorie foods are helpful. Thin liquids are often
harder to swallow than thickened ones. Nutrient-dense foods are
important, but so is maintaining calorie requirements.
An older patient is being taught about oral gingivitis. The nurse has
included instruction about maintaining an oral hygiene program, signs
and symptoms of oral infection, and the importance of maintaining
regular professional dental care. What other important teaching topic
should be included?
A. Information about when to have teeth removed and dentures made
B. The necessity of using a hard-bristled toothbrush to maintain
cleanliness
C. The importance of avoiding meat and caffeine-containing products
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, D. The importance of adequate nutrition for maintaining oral health -
ANSWER ✔✔D. The importance of adequate nutrition for maintaining
oral health
Nursing management of an older patient with gingivitis or periodontitis
includes promotion of regular oral hygiene, regular preventive dental
care, and maintenance of nutritional status. In addition, instructing the
patient on the signs and symptoms of oral infections is also an important
component of patient education. The other topics are not warranted.
The nurse is planning to teach an older patient about diverticulitis. What
topic does the nurse include?
A. Dietary fiber and fluids will reduce the symptoms.
B. It is unusual to see diverticula in older persons.
C. Abdominal cramping and severe diarrhea should be reported.
D. Diverticulosis rarely reoccurs once it has been treated. - ANSWER
✔✔A. Dietary fiber and fluids will reduce the symptoms
Teaching should include the need to eat high-fiber foods and the
importance of achieving and maintaining adequate fluid status. Patients