POB (Principles of Biology) Assessment 1
Uark | Shadwick with Complete Solutions
Emergent Properties - ANSWER-a property that a complex system has but the
individual members of the system do not.
example: saltiness, because NaCl is salty not Na or Cl.
-all aspects of life contain emergent properties.
Viruses - ANSWER-cellular nonliving structures that require a living cell to
reproduce (obligate parasites).
single celled, has an outer capsid that protects nucleic acid core (RNA) , and
requires a host cell to reproduce. have the ability to reproduce, adapt, are
organized, respond to stimuli, and acquire energy and materials.
2 Main Components of Viruses - ANSWER-Capsid - outer portion comprised of
proteins
Nucleic Acid Core (DNA or RNA)
Virus Life Cycle - ANSWER-Attachment, Entry, Replication, Biosynthesis, Assembly,
Building of Emergence, Repeat
Qualities Of Life - ANSWER-Living things are organized, acquire materials,
reproduce, respond to stimuli, are homeostatic, grow and develop, have the
capacity to adapt.
Individuals do not evolve.
Biosphere - ANSWER-The sum of all life
Tissue - ANSWER-a group of cells that perform a particular function
Metabolism - ANSWER-all of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
Photosynthesis - ANSWER-process that transforms solar energy into the chemical
energy
Energy - ANSWER-capacity to do work
Systematics - ANSWER-study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms
Basic Classifications (most inclusive to lease species) - ANSWER-Domain, Kingdom,
Phylum, Order, Class, Family, Genus, and Species
The 3 Domains - ANSWER-The largest classification category.
, 1. Archaea
2. Bacteria
-Both are prokaryotes.
3. Eukarya (4 kingdoms)
Taxonomy - ANSWER-Discipline of identifying and grouping organisms according to
certain rules
Prokatyotes - ANSWER-lack the membrane bound nucleus found in the cells of
eukaryotes in domain eukarya (found in nucleus)
Kingdoms - ANSWER-Eukaryotes -
protists, fungi, plants, animals
Protists - ANSWER-Single Celled Organisms, fewer multicellular species
Fungi - ANSWER-Familiar molds and mushrooms that help decompose dead
organisms
Plants - ANSWER-multicellular photosynthesizers
Animals - ANSWER-multicellular and ingest food
Law - ANSWER-a description of a pattern in nature
Law of Gravity - ANSWER-objects with mass attracted to each other
Law of Evolution - ANSWER-life on earth has changed
Theory - ANSWER-Explanation as to why a pattern (law) exists
Predictive Hypothesis - ANSWER-Based on theories. Describes what we should see
in an experiment to help us support or refute a theory.
2 Types of Scientific Method - ANSWER-1. Inductive Reasoning - makes
generalization based on collecting and analyzing large numbers of specific
observations. (specific to general)
2. Deductive Reasoning - flows from general premises to predicted and specific
rules. (if, then)
Example: "Since humans are organisms they are made up of cells." (general to
specific)
Viral Replication - ANSWER-Hijack a host cell and Manufacture.
1. Attachment; Recognize host cell
2. Entry; RNA/DNA enters cell
3. Replication; They replicate
4. Biosynthesis; manufactures pieces to build viruses
Uark | Shadwick with Complete Solutions
Emergent Properties - ANSWER-a property that a complex system has but the
individual members of the system do not.
example: saltiness, because NaCl is salty not Na or Cl.
-all aspects of life contain emergent properties.
Viruses - ANSWER-cellular nonliving structures that require a living cell to
reproduce (obligate parasites).
single celled, has an outer capsid that protects nucleic acid core (RNA) , and
requires a host cell to reproduce. have the ability to reproduce, adapt, are
organized, respond to stimuli, and acquire energy and materials.
2 Main Components of Viruses - ANSWER-Capsid - outer portion comprised of
proteins
Nucleic Acid Core (DNA or RNA)
Virus Life Cycle - ANSWER-Attachment, Entry, Replication, Biosynthesis, Assembly,
Building of Emergence, Repeat
Qualities Of Life - ANSWER-Living things are organized, acquire materials,
reproduce, respond to stimuli, are homeostatic, grow and develop, have the
capacity to adapt.
Individuals do not evolve.
Biosphere - ANSWER-The sum of all life
Tissue - ANSWER-a group of cells that perform a particular function
Metabolism - ANSWER-all of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
Photosynthesis - ANSWER-process that transforms solar energy into the chemical
energy
Energy - ANSWER-capacity to do work
Systematics - ANSWER-study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms
Basic Classifications (most inclusive to lease species) - ANSWER-Domain, Kingdom,
Phylum, Order, Class, Family, Genus, and Species
The 3 Domains - ANSWER-The largest classification category.
, 1. Archaea
2. Bacteria
-Both are prokaryotes.
3. Eukarya (4 kingdoms)
Taxonomy - ANSWER-Discipline of identifying and grouping organisms according to
certain rules
Prokatyotes - ANSWER-lack the membrane bound nucleus found in the cells of
eukaryotes in domain eukarya (found in nucleus)
Kingdoms - ANSWER-Eukaryotes -
protists, fungi, plants, animals
Protists - ANSWER-Single Celled Organisms, fewer multicellular species
Fungi - ANSWER-Familiar molds and mushrooms that help decompose dead
organisms
Plants - ANSWER-multicellular photosynthesizers
Animals - ANSWER-multicellular and ingest food
Law - ANSWER-a description of a pattern in nature
Law of Gravity - ANSWER-objects with mass attracted to each other
Law of Evolution - ANSWER-life on earth has changed
Theory - ANSWER-Explanation as to why a pattern (law) exists
Predictive Hypothesis - ANSWER-Based on theories. Describes what we should see
in an experiment to help us support or refute a theory.
2 Types of Scientific Method - ANSWER-1. Inductive Reasoning - makes
generalization based on collecting and analyzing large numbers of specific
observations. (specific to general)
2. Deductive Reasoning - flows from general premises to predicted and specific
rules. (if, then)
Example: "Since humans are organisms they are made up of cells." (general to
specific)
Viral Replication - ANSWER-Hijack a host cell and Manufacture.
1. Attachment; Recognize host cell
2. Entry; RNA/DNA enters cell
3. Replication; They replicate
4. Biosynthesis; manufactures pieces to build viruses
