Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Question: Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on nitroglycerin therapy?
Correct Answer: To inhibit the development of tolerance
Question: What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?
Correct Answer: Hyperthroidism
Question: What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a low TSH level with?
Correct Answer: Propanolol (Inderal)
Question: Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)?
Correct Answer: Aldosterone antagonist
Question: Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what?
Correct Answer: Upregulating the activity of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules,
antithrombin III
Question: What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is administered during an
anaphylactic reaction.
Correct Answer: Mast cells liberate large doses of histamine.
Question: What are two systemic psoriasis medications?
Correct Answer: Photo-therapy and topical corticosteroids
Question: What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with uncomplicated stage I
hypertension?
Correct Answer: Thiazide diuretics
Question: What is the effect of cardiac glycosides?
Correct Answer: Digitalis glycosides have a negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle cells.
Question: Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control medication?
Correct Answer: Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)
Question: What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine for available beta-receptor
sites?
Correct Answer: Atenolol (Tenormin)
Question: What type of action does nitrates have on the body?
Correct Answer: Reduction in systemic venous tone.
Question: What is the recommended level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) for patients with
known coronary artery disease?
Correct Answer: 100mg/dl or less.
Question: What is the MOA of group IV anti-dysrhythmia drugs?
, Correct Answer: Depressing phase 4 depolarization and lengthening phases 1 and 2 repolarization.
Question: Which drug therapy should be used to lower the serum concentration of thyroid hormones and
re-establish eumetabolic state in a patient with Graves' disease?
Correct Answer: Anti-thyroid drugs.
Question: Which type of diuretic would be used for a stage I hypertension in a patient with renal
insufficiency?
Correct Answer: Loop diuretic.
Question: What drug should be considered as first-line therapy for a client with hypertension and heart
failure?
Correct Answer: Enalapril (Vasotec)
Question: Which drug is considered safe for hypertension treatment during pregnancy?
Correct Answer: Methyldopa (Aldomet)
Question: What drug will reduce afterload because it is an alpha-adrenergic blocker?-
Correct Answer: Prazosin (Minipress)
Question: What is an expected effect of the use of a beta-adrenergic blocker to control angina?
Correct Answer: Reduced force of cardiac contraction.
Question: What side effect should be monitored closely in the elderly when taking Metformin
(Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes?
Correct Answer: Lactic acidosis.
Question: What is the primary role of cytochrome p-450 in the liver?
Correct Answer: Deactivate and detoxify medications and other substances.
Question: What is a component of Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors?
Correct Answer: Prothrombin
Question: How are IV morphine and nitroglycerin beneficial in acute heart failure?
Correct Answer: Decrease preload.
Question: What is the purpose of administering a vasodilating drug to a patient in heart failure?
Correct Answer: Decrease afterload.
Question: What are some contrindications for HMG-co A reductase inhibitors (statins)?
Correct Answer: They cause myopathies, especially at higher doses or in combination with certain drugs.
They should never be used in patients taking Warfarin (Coumadin).
Question: Which drug can reduce serum LDL the most in patients with hyperlipidemia?
Correct Answer: Lovastatin (Mevacor)
Question: Which drug is contrindicated in a patient with Myasthena Gravis?
Correct Answer: Procainamide (Pronestyl).
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Question: Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on nitroglycerin therapy?
Correct Answer: To inhibit the development of tolerance
Question: What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?
Correct Answer: Hyperthroidism
Question: What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a low TSH level with?
Correct Answer: Propanolol (Inderal)
Question: Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)?
Correct Answer: Aldosterone antagonist
Question: Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what?
Correct Answer: Upregulating the activity of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules,
antithrombin III
Question: What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is administered during an
anaphylactic reaction.
Correct Answer: Mast cells liberate large doses of histamine.
Question: What are two systemic psoriasis medications?
Correct Answer: Photo-therapy and topical corticosteroids
Question: What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with uncomplicated stage I
hypertension?
Correct Answer: Thiazide diuretics
Question: What is the effect of cardiac glycosides?
Correct Answer: Digitalis glycosides have a negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle cells.
Question: Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control medication?
Correct Answer: Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)
Question: What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine for available beta-receptor
sites?
Correct Answer: Atenolol (Tenormin)
Question: What type of action does nitrates have on the body?
Correct Answer: Reduction in systemic venous tone.
Question: What is the recommended level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) for patients with
known coronary artery disease?
Correct Answer: 100mg/dl or less.
Question: What is the MOA of group IV anti-dysrhythmia drugs?
, Correct Answer: Depressing phase 4 depolarization and lengthening phases 1 and 2 repolarization.
Question: Which drug therapy should be used to lower the serum concentration of thyroid hormones and
re-establish eumetabolic state in a patient with Graves' disease?
Correct Answer: Anti-thyroid drugs.
Question: Which type of diuretic would be used for a stage I hypertension in a patient with renal
insufficiency?
Correct Answer: Loop diuretic.
Question: What drug should be considered as first-line therapy for a client with hypertension and heart
failure?
Correct Answer: Enalapril (Vasotec)
Question: Which drug is considered safe for hypertension treatment during pregnancy?
Correct Answer: Methyldopa (Aldomet)
Question: What drug will reduce afterload because it is an alpha-adrenergic blocker?-
Correct Answer: Prazosin (Minipress)
Question: What is an expected effect of the use of a beta-adrenergic blocker to control angina?
Correct Answer: Reduced force of cardiac contraction.
Question: What side effect should be monitored closely in the elderly when taking Metformin
(Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes?
Correct Answer: Lactic acidosis.
Question: What is the primary role of cytochrome p-450 in the liver?
Correct Answer: Deactivate and detoxify medications and other substances.
Question: What is a component of Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors?
Correct Answer: Prothrombin
Question: How are IV morphine and nitroglycerin beneficial in acute heart failure?
Correct Answer: Decrease preload.
Question: What is the purpose of administering a vasodilating drug to a patient in heart failure?
Correct Answer: Decrease afterload.
Question: What are some contrindications for HMG-co A reductase inhibitors (statins)?
Correct Answer: They cause myopathies, especially at higher doses or in combination with certain drugs.
They should never be used in patients taking Warfarin (Coumadin).
Question: Which drug can reduce serum LDL the most in patients with hyperlipidemia?
Correct Answer: Lovastatin (Mevacor)
Question: Which drug is contrindicated in a patient with Myasthena Gravis?
Correct Answer: Procainamide (Pronestyl).
