CLASS 1 (3/24) OB | GUARANTEED SUCCESS STARTS HERE!
LEARN, PRACTICE & EXCEL!
Leading causes of maternal morbidity/mortality Answer: - infection
- hemorrhage
- htn
- emboli
- mental health conditions
Leading causes of neonatal (first 30 days of life) morbidity/mortality Answer: • Short
gestation/low birth weight
• Congenital anomalies
• Consequences of maternal disease
• Complications from the placenta, cord, or membrane
• Bacterial sepsis
Fundus Answer: rounded upper portion of the uterus
Areola Answer: contains Montgomery's tubercles for lubrication
Nipple Answer: 15-20 lactiferous duct openings
Progesterone/estrogen pathway Answer: - hypothalamus releases GnRH -->
- pituitary releases LH and FSH -->
- ovaries release progesterone and estrogen -->
- elevations of estrogen and progesterone inhibit GnRH
FSH Answer: - follicle stimulating hormone
- stimulates follicle (houses eggs) to grow and mature
LH Answer: - luteinizing hormone
- converts and supports empty follicle turning into corpus luteum (which supports an early
pregnancy until placenta forms)
Estrogens Answer: - estradiol (only available during reproductive years)
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, - estriol (only pregnancy)
- estrone (menopause)
Progesterone Answer: - hormone of pregnancy
Prostaglandins Answer: - PGE (vasodilatory, smooth muscle relaxant)
- PGF (vasoconstrictive, smooth muscle contractor)
follicular phase Answer: - days 1-14
- LH surge leads to release of the egg
- estrogen dominated
- follicle grows to maturity
Luteal phase Answer: - days 15-28
- follicle is converted into corpus luteum
- progesterone dominates
Uterine menstrual cycle Answer: - ischemic/menstrual phase (days 1-15)
- proliferative phase (estrogen dominates)
- secretory phase (progesterone dominates, ready for egg)
if no pregnancy -->
menstrual phase again
When does conception occur in a 28 days cycle? Answer: - 2 weeks after 1st day of last
menstrual cycle
Pregnancy length Answer: - 266 days after conception
- 280 gestational days (40 weeks, 9ish calendar months)
Gestational age Answer: - includes last menstrual period and the following week (pre-
ovulation), starts first day of LMP
- trimesters based on gestational age
First trimester Answer: - 0-12 weeks
- organogenesis/ cellular hyperplasia
Second trimester Answer: - 13-27 weeks
- cellular hyperplasia & hypertrophy
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
LEARN, PRACTICE & EXCEL!
Leading causes of maternal morbidity/mortality Answer: - infection
- hemorrhage
- htn
- emboli
- mental health conditions
Leading causes of neonatal (first 30 days of life) morbidity/mortality Answer: • Short
gestation/low birth weight
• Congenital anomalies
• Consequences of maternal disease
• Complications from the placenta, cord, or membrane
• Bacterial sepsis
Fundus Answer: rounded upper portion of the uterus
Areola Answer: contains Montgomery's tubercles for lubrication
Nipple Answer: 15-20 lactiferous duct openings
Progesterone/estrogen pathway Answer: - hypothalamus releases GnRH -->
- pituitary releases LH and FSH -->
- ovaries release progesterone and estrogen -->
- elevations of estrogen and progesterone inhibit GnRH
FSH Answer: - follicle stimulating hormone
- stimulates follicle (houses eggs) to grow and mature
LH Answer: - luteinizing hormone
- converts and supports empty follicle turning into corpus luteum (which supports an early
pregnancy until placenta forms)
Estrogens Answer: - estradiol (only available during reproductive years)
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, - estriol (only pregnancy)
- estrone (menopause)
Progesterone Answer: - hormone of pregnancy
Prostaglandins Answer: - PGE (vasodilatory, smooth muscle relaxant)
- PGF (vasoconstrictive, smooth muscle contractor)
follicular phase Answer: - days 1-14
- LH surge leads to release of the egg
- estrogen dominated
- follicle grows to maturity
Luteal phase Answer: - days 15-28
- follicle is converted into corpus luteum
- progesterone dominates
Uterine menstrual cycle Answer: - ischemic/menstrual phase (days 1-15)
- proliferative phase (estrogen dominates)
- secretory phase (progesterone dominates, ready for egg)
if no pregnancy -->
menstrual phase again
When does conception occur in a 28 days cycle? Answer: - 2 weeks after 1st day of last
menstrual cycle
Pregnancy length Answer: - 266 days after conception
- 280 gestational days (40 weeks, 9ish calendar months)
Gestational age Answer: - includes last menstrual period and the following week (pre-
ovulation), starts first day of LMP
- trimesters based on gestational age
First trimester Answer: - 0-12 weeks
- organogenesis/ cellular hyperplasia
Second trimester Answer: - 13-27 weeks
- cellular hyperplasia & hypertrophy
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
